1 10 7 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/ec106fa83d9dd0d6d3c87f45fcae50bc.pdf?Expires=1773878400&Signature=XQ6TCz-7zVZ3aDau%7EWNmyIBe0k0LQxPrrP-M59DT64XnsGy9yKSKUjfMq52Aeu%7Eiwu%7ERBIONtEmfxFfFksRJxVh0gy3wq7tAsFIO1vGJGhaOyC7YzbdP-r6F0LFBfvfSLOFwi79weVcHj-RvXWm02NxoLfT9cwMVs4w076sJ4pVJo-A26uMkGI808FyWsDWebSPFGumf2ILHz9RlUAjitakEUof%7EaPWp9eiazzHlQ5GG8NrSvCPDdzdc0wdg7XxttVBgl4C1BAfBTc3o%7EyXUzVGCrmXhai4h7L61qPyRKzsg2wEminDGqxXT5r5Y3rvtjW4UeCmQiUa-q8YhHECW%7Ew__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 16944c123be75b87009f26d56d9218da PDF Text Text ANACOSTIA FREEWAY CORRIDOR ENHANCEMENT STUDY Prepared for: District of Columbia Department of Transportation Prepared by: EDAWinc. Alexandria, Virginia �ANACOSTIA FREEWAY CORRIDOR ENHANCEMENT STUDY ANACOSTIA FREEWAY CORRIDOR ENHANCEMENT STUDY Prepared for: District of Columbia Department of Transportation Prepared by: EDAWinc. Alexandria, Virginia ��TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose of Study B. Goals C. Location/History II. 1-3 1-4 1-4 METHODOLOGY A. Analysis Procedure , B. Identification of Zones C. Identification of Existing Character: Opportunities and Constraints 1. Zone I: Kenilworth Avenue 2. Zone II: Anacostia Freeway 3. Zone III: Interstate 295 D. Summary of Existing Character E. Definition of Freeway and Parkway Character F. Design Principles III. Pages 11-1 II-2 N-3 II-3 II-5 II-7 II-9 II-9 11-10 GATEWAY IMAGE A. Recommendations IH-1 1. Plant Material Recommendations 111-1 2. Freeway Structures Recommendations III-7 3. Maintenance Recommendations 111-12 B. Conceptual Design Recommendations for Prototypical Conditions. . . .111-13 1. Condition A: Arrival/Entry 111-15 2. Condition B: Waterfront Park 111-19 3. Condition C: Natural Woodland 111-21 4. Condition D: Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses III-23 5. Condition E: Views/Vistas III-25 6. Condition F: Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments III-27 7. Condition G: Medians MI-29 8. Condition H: Urban Street 111-31 C. Design Treatments for Anacostia Freeway Corridor III-35 1. Zone I: Kenilworth Avenue III-35 2. Zone II: Anacostia Freeway 111-61 3. Zone III: Interstate 295 III-75 �TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd.) IV. COST ESTIMATE A. Summary 1. Zone I: Kenilworth Avenue 2. Zone II: Anacostia Freeway 3. Zone III: Interstate 295 IV-1 IV-2 IV-3 IV-4 APPENDIX A - BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX B-AGENCIES C O N T A C T E D A-1 A-2 �LIST OF FIGURES Figure Number Figure Name Page Number 1-1 111-1 III-2 III-3 III-4 III-5 III-6 III-7 III-8 III-9 111-10 111-11 111-12 111-13 111-14 111-15 111-16 111-17 111-18 111-19 III-20 111-21 III-22 III-23 III-24 III-25 III-26 IH-27 III-28 III-29 III-30 111-31 Anacostia Freeway Corridor Plant Matrix Summary Freeway Structures: Lighting Freeway Structures: Signage Freeway Structures: Fencing/Railing Freeway Structures: Fencing/Railing Condition A: Arrival/Entry Condition B: Waterfront Park Zone I: Kenilworth Avenue Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #1 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #2 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #3 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #4 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #5 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #6 Kenilworth Avenue, Southbound #7 Kenilworth Avenue, Northbound #8 Kenilworth Avenue, Northbound #9 Kenilworth Avenue, Northbound #10 Zone II: Anacostia Freeway Anacostia Freeway, Southbound #11 Anacostia Freeway, Northbound #12 Anacostia Freeway, Northbound #13 Anacostia Freeway, Northbound #14 Anacostia Freeway, Northbound #15 Zone III: Interstate 295 Interstate 295, Southbound #16 Interstate 295, Southbound #17 Interstate 295, Southbound #18 Interstate 295, Northbound #19 Interstate 295, Northbound #20 Interstate 295, Northbound #21 I-2 III-6 III-8 III-9 111-10 111-11 111-14 111-18 III-34 III-36 III-38 III-40 III-42 III-44 III-46 III-50 III-52 III-54 III-56 III-60 III-62 III-64 III-66 III-68 III-70 III-74 III-76 III-78 III-80 III-82 III-84 III-86 iii �iv �I. INTRODUCTION ���I. INTRODUCTION A. PURPOSE OF STUDY The Anacostia Freeway is a neglected and poorly maintained entrance to Washington, D.C. This 10-mile commuter freeway on the eastern banks of the Anacostia and Potomac Rivers has the potential to become a significant and important gateway to the city, anticipating, reflecting and continuing the park-like quality of Washington within its corridor. The purpose of this study is to present design treatments which will guide redevelopment and maintenance of the freeway towards a new image of an enhanced gateway. Many of the entrances into Washington w e r e created to enhance the beauty of Washington and to set the stage for visitors to the Nation's Capital. Careful planning and design since the L'Enfant Plan in 1790, the McMillan Commission in 1901-1902, and the 1924 establishment of the National Capital Planning Commission have created a unique open space and parkway system in the metropolitan area. The George Washington Memorial Parkway and Rock Creek Parkway w e r e designed as scenic roads linking important historic and recreational sites. George Washington Parkway links Memorial Bridge and Mount Vernon on the Virginia side of the Potomac River. It also acts as a major gateway from the west and south. Rock Creek Parkway links Rock Creek Park, the National Zoo and Potomac Park. The Suitland and Baltimore-Washington Parkways were designed as scenic parkways connecting military establishments with the Capital. The John Hanson Highway was designed as a commuter highway between Washington and Annapolis with a parkway like setting. Along with the Baltimore-Washington Parkway, the Anacostia Freeway is the logical entrance to Washington from the east. Of all the approaches to the city, however, the Anacostia Freeway is the least attractive and inviting. As an improved gateway Anacostia Freeway would dramatize the sense of arrival by revealing and unfolding Washington's skyline through a series of dramatic vistas within a unified environment. The character of such an environment, green, varied, and richly contrasting, can be found in the four other Metropolitan parkways—the George Washington M e m o r i a l , Rock Creek, Baltimore-Washington and Suitland Parkways—and in the John Hanson Highway mentioned above. These existing roadway facilities represent a high level of effort and imagination with their sensitive integration into the landscape, their careful weaving through the city and suburbs, and their variety of views and rich landscaped character. They are models for the future character and quality of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor. I-3 �These five parkways and highways create gateways into Washington not only by their location and relationship to the city but also by their sense of importance, their wellmaintained, well-conceived image and their landscape character. The parkways' landscape character is integral to their intended use and differs dramatically from the freeways and their environments. This study's primary design intention is to incorporate relevant parkway characteristics into the Anacostia Freeway Corridor. Today, the Anacostia Freeway Corridor consists of three different roadway facilities, the Kenilworth Avenue segment, the Anacostia Freeway and Interstate 295. O n e of the special opportunities of this project is to develop a unified image of the Corridor using consistent treatments of elements to link the three roadways (called the Anacostia Freeway Corridor throughout this report). How can the Anacostia Freeway become a green gateway to the city and incorporate parkway qualities? It is the intent of this study and a challenge for the Nation's Capital to incorporate into the freeway environment, without compromising safety standards, some of the same design principles that guided these sensitive and rich parkway environments. B. GOALS The four major goals of this study are: • To identify and recognize the Anacostia Freeway Corridor as a major gateway and entrance to the Capital City. • To identify and develop conceptual design treatments emphasizing a unified gateway image throughout the Corridor, with a parkway like landscape character where appropriate. • To facilitate planning policies and funding programs directed towards implementation of a comprehensive design plan for the Anacostia Freeway. • To serve as a model approach for other neglected Metropolitan Washington highway facilities which can become gateways to the Nation's Capital and are in need of a visual enhancement program. The U.S. Department of Transportation has authorized the preparation of this visual enhancement study for the Anacostia Freeway. C. LOCATION/HISTORY The Anacostia Freeway is located east of the U.S. Capitol in the District of Columbia. The northern section of the Freeway parallels the Anacostia River; the southern section parallels the Potomac River. The study area extends from the District of Columbia 1-4 �boundary near the W o o d r o w Wilson Bridge to the District of Columbia boundary near the Baltimore-Washington Parkway on the north. Along this north-south drive a dramatic panorama of the Capital City is revealed. Views of Old T o w n Alexandria, the Washington Monument, the Old Post Office Tower, the Capitol building, the Library of Congress and RFK Stadium are juxtaposed one against another as the Freeway parallels the river. The corridor is a major local, metropolitan and regional artery directing traffic across the Anacostia River directly into the Capitol City (see Anacostia Freeway Corridor Map). While the freeway serves District residents on both sides of the Anacostia River, the majority of the traffic consists of suburban commuters. The major local commuter roads feeding into the corridor are Central Avenue, Pennsylvania Avenue, Branch Avenue and Interstate 95. The principal regional traffic using the Corridor as an entrance into the City is from Annapolis via the John Hanson Highway and from Baltimore via the BaltimoreWashington Parkway. Regional traffic connects with the Anacostia Freeway Corridor from 1-95 north, by feeding into Kenilworth Avenue, and from 1-95 south, by feeding into 1-295. The freeway corridor extends 10.7 miles. Its three contiguous road facilities were designed and built separately. From north to south these are Kenilworth Avenue (2.5 miles), the Anacostia Freeway (3.74 miles), and Interstate 295 (4.46 miles). Kenilworth Avenue, the first of the facilities to be built, was constructed in the mid 1950s under ASHTA* regulations and design standards. The Kenilworth Avenue segment under study extends from Eastern Avenue to Benning Road. During the early 1960s construction began on the Anacostia Freeway and the 11th Street Bridges to extend the Corridor across the Anacostia River and to connect with I-395. Unlike Kenilworth Avenue, the Anacostia Freeway was designed and built under the recent Federal Interstate Highway regulations. The freeway segment under study extends from the Benning Road Bridge to the Suitland Parkway. Interstate 295 was the last facility to be built and was constructed in the late 1960s. Like the Anacostia Freeway, it was designed under the Federal Interstate Highway regulations. This last 4-mile segment was designed to allow a continuous flow of traffic from I-95 south to I-395. The I-295 segment under study extends from the Suitland Parkway to the District of Columbia-Maryland/Prince Georges County boundary. *American State Highway and Transportation Agency I-5 �1-6 �III. GATEWAY IMAGE ��II. METHODOLOGY The words "image and character of a road" usually imply a positive value. Yet the elements which compose a scenic environment, or positive character, in the five model roadways—George Washington, Baltimore-Washington, John Hanson Highway, Rock Creek, Suitland—do not exist in the Anacostia Freeway due to different design standards for freeways. This study proposes that the freeway, like the parkway, can and should become a positive environment. For this to occur, one must first identify the positive and negative characteristics, or the opportunities and constraints for improvement, of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor which affect its potential scenic character. The specific differences between the two road types also need to be defined. Those parkway characteristics not found in a freeway must then be assessed for their relevance and appropriateness. Appropriate characteristics should be translated into design principles and guidelines for the visual enhancement of the freeway. A. ANALYSIS PROCEDURE The freeway environment is principally experienced from the car. The analysis procedure was initiated by a photographic site survey from the driver's perspective conducted along the entire 10.7 mile length of the Freeway Corridor. The photographic survey identified: • Zones within the 10-mile corridor. A zone includes the physical design of the road right-of-way, often referred to as r.o.w.; it includes the dimensions of the road, median, shoulders, exit/entry ramps and road width and • Character of the road right-of-way. Character is made up of — visual quality of the landscape (within and beyond r.o.w.) — adjacent land uses which affect the landscape character — views (within and beyond the r.o.w.) — freeway structures (lighting, signage, fencing, railing). The study area of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor includes the right-of-ways on the northbound and southbound lanes (the shoulders and recovery zones), the roadway lanes, the median, and the exit/entry ramps. 11-1 �B. IDENTIFICATION OF ZONES From the photographic survey three zones within the Freeway Corridor were identified which correspond directly to the three facilities identified earlier: 1. Zone I - Kenilworth Avenue 2. Zone II - Anacostia Freeway 3. Zone III - Interstate 295 The analysis and recommendations for the freeway corridor are organized according to these zones. The analysis of each zone's opportunities and constraints is presented sequentially in the order mentioned above (physical design of road r.o.w., character of r.o.w., landscape character, adjacent land uses, views and freeway structures). As the design of each of these three facilities is distinctly different, the character of these facilities, or zones, is distinctly different. II-2 �C. IDENTIFICATION OF EXISTING CHARACTER: OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS 1. Existing Character Zone I: Kenilworth Avenue Kenilworth Avenue, extending two and one half miles, is a narrow urban corridor with an average right-of-way of 100 feet. It has two lanes in both directions, no shoulders and no center lane median space. The facility cuts through commercial and residential communities, is poorly maintained and lacks a consistent landscape character. Major existing conditions include objectionable views, poorly maintained freeway structures (fencing, lighting), and confusing signage and exit/entries. Opportunities to build on are the existing mature trees and the stone-faced bridges and pedestrian ramp abutments. EXISTING OPPORTUNITIES Landscape Character: — existing mature specimen trees — bridges and pedestrian ramp abutments faced with cut stone Signage: — consistent use of Federal Interstate signage—of standard location and appearance EXISTING CONSTRAINTS Physical Road Design: — frequent interchanges and entry/exit conditions — no center lane median space (roadway divided by New Jersey barrier topped with chain link fence) — frequent grade changes resulting in below grade tunnel conditions Landscape Character: — no strong positive landscape image (lack of consistent plant types or species, lack of massed plant materials, unmaintained appearance) — no entry/arrival freeway identification using plants or landforms Adjacent Land Use: — adjacent commercial facilities (gas station, car wash, junk yard) and residential communities (garden apartment, single family residence) highly visible from freeway II-3 �Views: — objectionable views lack screening — lack of careful directing of driver's views from freeway Freeway Structures/ Lighting: no standard lighting location overscaled light fixtures unpainted metal light fixtures Signage: inconsistent standard for sign location (signs hung on pedestrian bridges or adjacent to road) excessive signage in narrow constricted area Fencing/Railing: poorly maintained, rusted fencing, consistent treatment missing, chain link fencing used for property r.o.w., pedestrian bridges and above New Jersey barriers as safety precaution Maintenance: poorly maintained physical conditions (broken curbs, fencing/railing and lighting), overgrown vegetation. 11-4 �2. Existing Character Zone II: Anacostia Freeway The Anacostia Freeway extends approximately three and one half miles. It is an example of the freeways built in the 1960s with its broad austere geometry, overscaled lighting and signage and inadequate landscape planting. It has three lanes in each direction, shoulders plus a recovery zone and an unlandscaped median. Its broad open spaces permit views of Anacostia Park, the major positive feature of this zone. EXISTING OPPORTUNITIES Adjacent Land Uses/ Views: — the Anacostia River and Park are highly visible and create scenic views and focal points the length of this segment of the corridor (3.74 miles) Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments: — ramp conditions offer landscaping opportunities — bridges and pedestrian ramp abutments are faced with cut stone EXISTING CONSTRAINTS Physical Road Design: — limited right-of-way — unlandscaped median — closely spaced exits causing dangerous traffic lane changes Landscape Character: no strong positive landscape image (no consistent plant type or massing of similar plants) no visual integration of waterfront parkland intrusive/distracting adjacent residential and commercial facilities Adjacent Land Uses/ Views: adjacent commercial residential and industrial (railroad) facilities to east are highly visible from Freeway Freeway Structures/ Lighting: no standard lighting location overscaled light fixtures unpainted light fixtures II-5 �Signage: — overscaled, unpainted signage support structures (extending across north- and southbound lanes) — poorly located signage for freeway exits (too close to exits for safe lane changes) — inconsistent location of directional signage (yield, stop and speed limit signage) Fencing/Railing: — center lane divided by metal guardrail — chain link fencing obstructing views of waterfront and parkland — excessive use of metal guardrails 11-6 �3. Existing Character Zone III: Interstate 295 Interstate 295, extending approximately four and one half miles, is the most scenic and parkway like of the three zones. It has the broadest right-of-way (approximately 330 feet), dramatic undulating topography, scenic views to the west and dense woodland vegetation forming its eastern boundary. It has two lanes in each direction, and a landscaped median and shoulders. Portions of its western boundary edge are less attractive, with highly visible industrial and institutional facilities blocking views of the waterfront. EXISTING OPPORTUNITIES Physical Road Design: — broad extended right-of-way - center landscaped median sensitive road engineering (integration of road with topography) Landscape Character: — appropriate parkway like character of dense woodlands and upland topography forming eastern r.o.w. boundary — massed plantings in median, within r.o.w. Views: — impressive views of Washington skyline and monuments Fencing/Railing: — cut stone retaining walls in center median Signage: — consistent location adjacent to road within r.o.w. no overhead signage EXISTING CONSTRAINTS Adjacent Land Uses: — large industrial and institutional facilities highly visible and dominating views of the waterfront Views: — views of Anacostia Waterfront blocked by prominent and large facilities — views not directed across the Corridor landscape Freeway Structures/ Lighting: — — inconsistent lighting location overscaled light fixtures unpainted metal light fixtures 11-7 �Fencing/Railing: - scenic view of woodlands and meadows obstructed by chain link fencing Maintenance: - insufficient maintenance and care of plant materials 11-8 �D. SUMMARY OF EXISTING CHARACTER The existing ten-mile freeway corridor lacks a unified image. Its appearance is often sterile or disjointed with multiple images of commercial, residential, parkland, institutional and industrial facilities projecting into the road setting. Unrelated design elements are linked only by a continuous roadway against a contrasting and varying background. There are, however, isolated but significant features and elements which could be successfully integrated into a new image. The views to the waterfront seen along the Anacostia Freeway segment, Kenilworth Avenue's stone bridges and the parkway like . landscape character in the Interstate 295 segment are elements which begin to create an attractive environment and could be built on, or expanded, in other segments of the Corridor. E. DEFINITION OF FREEWAY AND PARKWAY CHARACTER By combining the identified positive features and treatments of the problem areas of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor with the relevant and appropriate design principles of gateway parkways, a set of design recommendations can be developed for the Corridor. It is important to identify the differences between a freeway and a parkway in order to distinguish the appropriate design standards. It is also important to identify the qualities and characteristics of the parkway environment which make it more pleasing. The essential difference between a freeway and a parkway relates to intended use. Freeways are designed for efficient, high speed travel, typically within or near an urban environment. They are frequently surrounded by disjointed land uses and their immediate landscape can be characterized as unorganized and unpleasant. The road design is open, broad and straight for high speed traffic. Parkways have been designed for low to moderate speeds of travel within scenic areas. They were carefully integrated into open lands, and were designed to maximize scenic views and to create a variety of experiences within a natural, or undeveloped, setting. Parkway roads are narrower, often lack shoulders and use embankments as safety zones and wind and curve following the topography. The curving road alignments of the best parkway roads have been designed to limit vehicular speed and to respond to distant landmarks. They establish carefully sequenced views and enclosures. The typical parkway brings the immediate and distant landscape closer to the driver. 11-9 �F. DESIGN PRINCIPLES The existing gateway roads mentioned before provide prototypical design principles. These principles can guide the proposed design recommendations for the Anacostia Freeway. The parkway design principles which can be adapted to an existing freeway environment without compromising safety design standards are: Landscape Character: — the use of a continuous green corridor to provide an attractive gateway — the consistent use of a landscape vocabulary to create a unified appearance — the variation in planting setback from the road to create visual interest and spatial diversity — the use of informally massed native plant materials responsive to topography to create a "natural" image — the creation of a sense of arrival using a rhythmic patterning of structures, controlled views of the destination point and carefully sequenced signage Views: — the use of massed plantings to buffer intrusive adjacent land uses and to create an interrupted and focused driving environment — the use of massed plantings to direct the motorist's views towards scenic vistas and focal points Freeway Structures: — the selection of freeway structures (lighting, signage, fencing/railing) which are both aesthetically pleasing and promote safe responses to the freeway conditions — the consistent treatment of freeway structures—uniform location, spacing, materials. 11-10 �III. GATEWAY IMAGE ��III. GATEWAY IMAGE A. RECOMMENDATIONS: Using applicable parkway design principles, the plant material, the freeway structures and the maintenance of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor can be manipulated to create the desired image and gateway setting. Recommendations for the improvement and treatment of planting, freeway structures and maintenance have been made for prototypical conditions. The prototypical conditions are: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Arrival/Entry (threshold of the freeway) Waterfront Park (major water edge, open space feature) Natural Woodland (existing native, wooded vegetation) Adjacent Incompatible Land Uses (intrusive and distracting commercial, industrial/ residential development) Views/Vistas (views from the freeway to major scenic focal points) Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments (changes in grade separation of lanes, overhead structures) Medians (central planted or paved strip dividing opposite directions of traffic) Urban Street (urban framework adjoining the road). The following recommendations and design treatments for planting, structures, and maintenance have been developed at a conceptual level. It is assumed that these recommendations would be further developed and designed to meet Federal Interstate safety regulations. 1. PLANT MATERIAL RECOMMENDATIONS Plant material recommendations are principally concerned with developing a landscape buffer to separate adjacent incompatible land uses, establishing a parkway landscape and reducing mowing maintenance requirements. T o establish this parkway landscape the freeway right-of-way must be sufficiently wide for adequate planting. In many areas of the corridor the right-of-way lacks the necessary width for adequate planting. In order to achieve the desired parkway landscape, it is recommended that these options be studied: • Consider property easements and/or land acquisition to gain the necessary width for adequate planting. 111-1 �• Consider revising/modifying A A S H T O * standards which prohibit plant material installation within 30' of the road. Plant materials recommended and suggested for each condition follow Conceptual Design Recommendations for Prototypical Conditions. The Plant List for Prototypical Conditions identifies plant types, specific plant material and landscape conditions where the plant material would be used. For instance, canopy trees, specifically Red Oaks, are recommended for Conditions C, E, H: Natural Woodland, Views/Vistas and Urban Street Conditions. Plant types recommended for the enhancement of the corridor include canopy, flowering and evergreen trees, shrubs, vines, annuals and perennials. An expanded list follows in the Recommended Plant List. A plant matrix identifies the use of plant types in landscape conditions within the three major freeway zones. The plant material was chosen for its adaptability to the various conditions presented along the corridor such as: dust, salt spray, auto and truck exhaust; sources of noise pollution; incompatible land uses and unattractive views; attractive views; important existing vegetation. *American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 111-2 �PLANT LIST FOR PROTOTYPICAL CONDITIONS PLANT TYPE BOTANICAL NAME CONDITIONS COMMON NAME Canopy Trees G, E C, H, E C, E Acer rubrum Quercus borealis Quercus phellos Red Maple Red Oak Willow Oak Flowering Trees C, C, E, A, G G F, G, H B, F Amelanchier canadensis Cornus florida Malus floribunda Prunus yedoensis Serviceberry Dogwood Crab Apple Yoshino Cherry Evergreen Trees D, A, B, F, E E, F C, D, E, G, H Cupressocyparis lelandii Picea abies Pinus nigra Leyland Cypress Norway Spruce Austrian Pine Shrubs D, H Blue Columnar Chinese Juniper Irish Juniper C, D, F Juniperus chinensis 'Columnaris' Juniperus communis 'Hibernica' Juniperus horizontalis 'Plumosa' Pyracantha coccinea 'Mohave' Rosa rugosa Vines C, D D, H Campsis radicans Clematis paniculata Trumpet Vine Sweet Autumn Clematis Perennials A, B, E, F, G, Achillea sp. Yarrow Hemerocallis hybrids Miscanthus sinensis Pennisetum alopecuriodes Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldstrum' Daylily Fountain Grass Chinese Pennisetum Black-Eyed Susan Narcissus sp. Daffodil D A, F, H F, G, H I_I n Bulbs A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H Wildflowers A, B, C, D, E, F, G Andorra Juniper Orange-Red Firethorn Rugosa Rose Southeastern seeding mixture 111-3 �RECOMMENDED PLANT LIST PLANT TYPE BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Canopy Trees Acer rubrum Fraxinus americana Liquidamber styraciflua Platanus acerifolia Quercus borealis Quercus palustris Quercus phellos Tilia americana Zelkova serrata Red Maple White Ash Sweetgum Plane Tree Red Oak Pin Oak Willow Oak Basswood Japanese Zelkova Flowering Trees Amelanchier canadensis Cornus florida Cornus kousa Koelreuteria paniculata Malus floribunda Oxydendron arboreum Prunus yedoensis Serviceberry Dogwood Kousa Dogwood Golden Rain Tree Crab Apple Sourwood Yoshino Cherry Evergreen Trees Cedrus atlantica 'Clauca' Cupressocyparis lelandii Ilex opaca Picea abies Pinus nigra Blue Atlas Cedar Leyland Cypress American Holly Norway Spruce Austrian Pine Shrubs Euonymus alata Forsythia suspensa Juniperus chinensis 'Columnaris' Winged Euonymus Weeping Forsythia Blue Columnar Chinese Juniper Irish Juniper Andorra Juniper Mountain Laurel Wax Myrtle, Southern Bayberry Orange-Red Firethorn Rugosa Rose Juniperus communis 'Hibernica' Juniperus horizontalis 'Plumosa' Kalmia latifolia Myrica cerifera Pyracantha coccinea 'Mohave' Rosa rugosa 111-4 �Vines Campsis radicans Celastrus orbiculatus Clematis paniculata Polygonum aubertii Trumpet Vine Oriental Bittersweet Sweet Autumn Clematis Fleece Vine Perennials Achillea sp. Hemerocallis hybrids Miscanthus sinensis Pennisetum alopecuriodes Rudbeckia fulgida 'Coldstrum' Yarrow Daylily Fountain Grass Chinese Pennisetum Black-Eyed Susan Wildflowers Solidago hybrids Goldenrod Southeastern Seeding Mixture Bulbs Narcissus sp. Daffodil 111-5 �Figure 111-1 PLANT MATRIX SUMMARY C CD to CD l/l E -XL c «J Z) "O c E L U CD CJC rc i M C .0 TO -XL 1— e o Canopy Trees Flowering Trees Evergreen Trees Shrubs Vines Annual/Perennials ANACOSTIA FREEWAY TJ TOo u KENILWORTH AVENUE "3 C rQ — C o c CD u < 1— • • • • Canopy Trees Flowering Trees Evergreen Trees Shrubs Vines Annual/Perennials • • • a E CD '•*—> • • • i/i -Q rc c C o a o CD • 'S " £ u > O z c _i cj < L U 79 m > vi CD > ~-> CD CD i_ ra > — c -w CD X L U • • • • • • ••• • • • •• • I-295 Canopy Trees Flowering Trees Evergreen Trees Shrubs Vines Annual/Perennials • • • • • • 4^ c ra c 111 —— • • •• •• • — • • • • 1-6 — D • • • • • �2. FREEWAY STRUCTURES RECOMMENDATIONS Freeway Structures Recommendations are developed with both safety and aesthetic considerations in mind. These structures can serve as organizing elements, with their repeated use, and as image makers, as they help create a highly visible design character or image. The recommendations propose a consistent location and design of lighting fixtures, a fencing material and a more formal fencing/railing design, a consistent standard use of fencing/railing, and a new design for framing and mounting of signage. Recommendations for improvements to the freeway structures include treatment of lighting; signage and fencing/railing. The specific recommendations include treatment of: • Lighting — Fixtures — Location • Signage — Framing/Mounting • Fencing/Railing — Property Line Right-of-Way — Safety Railings — Median Barrier — Shoulder Guardrails — Retaining Walls. 111-7 �Figure 111-2 FREEWAY STRUCTURES: LIGHTING �Figure III-3 FREEWAY STRUCTURES: SIGNAGE Signage Adjacent to Road Overhead Signage/Interstate 111-9 �Figure 111-4 FREEWAY STRUCTURES: FENCING/RAILING 111-10 �Figure 111-3 FREEWAY STRUCTURES: FENCING/RAILING 111-11 �3. MAINTENANCE RECOMMENDATIONS Maintenance Recommendations consist primarily of establishing a maintenance program to ensure a well-kept, high quality image. A n ongoing maintenance program is essential since new planting would take several years to develop. If a reasonable priority is not given to maintenance and replacement programs, the gradually developing image would erode rather than intensify. Each new improvement should be accompanied by a realistic maintenance strategy. A program would include but not be limited to: — Sweeping, cleaning and litter pick up — Landscape maintenance including tree pruning, spraying, weeding, reseeding of wildflowers and mowing of grass areas — Repair and replacement of all damaged or deteriorated highway hardware and furnishings including road and curb resurfacing and repair — Painting of all furniture hardware, lights and sign poles — Steam cleaning treatment to clean stone wall facades; sand blasting treatment to clean bridges — Survey and inspections to regularly identify and follow up on maintenance problems. 111-12 �CONCEPTUAL DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTOTYPICAL CONDITIONS ��B. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTOTYPICAL CONDITIONS Conceptual design recommendations have been made for the eight prototypical conditions of the Anacostia Freeway Corridor. The eight conditions are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Condition Condition Condition Condition Condition Condition Condition Condition A: B: C: D: E: F: G: H: Arrival/Entry Waterfront Park Natural Woodland Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses Views/Vistas Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Medians Urban Street 111-13 �Figure 111-6 CONDITION A: ARRIVAL/ENTRY 111-14 �1. CONDITION A: ARRIVAL/ENTRY Planting Recommendations Effects: & Establish t w o principal arrival/entry areas at north and south boundaries of Corridor, Kenilworth Avenue and I-295, to identify the Anacostia Freeway Corridor and create a positive first impression and image. Develop carefully sequenced planting to create sense of anticipation and to direct the motorist's view toward significant Washington landmarks and city entrance. Enhance proposed signage with specimen flowering and evergreen trees and low evergreen shrubs (see recommended planting materials for landscape condition A). Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: Lighting: & Overhead lighting should be limited to entry and exit and bridged conditions and should be located adjacent to the roadway for an uncluttered appearance and consistent location. Use of ornamental light fixtures (see Figure III-2) would contribute to a parkway like image, particularly for urban conditions such as Kenilworth Avenue. Continue use of mercury vapor lighting due to lower costs and preferred color spectrum. Recessed built-in lighting in the entry signage would highlight the signage. 111-15 �Signage: - Remove all overhead directional signage and replace with signage adjacent to road to reduce visual clutter. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition in areas with limited r.o.w. Use proposed signage for consistent treatment (see page 111-9). — Establish ground plane entry signage announcing Anacostia Freeway Corridor (see Figure 111-9). Incorporate stone wall construction to tie in with use of stone walls throughout the Corridor. Fencing/Railing: — No recommendations to be made. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — Establish a high standard of maintenance for arrival/entry areas to create a positive image of the Corridor. Landscape maintenance should include tree pruning, spraying, weeding, reseeding of wildflowers and mowing of grass areas. Survey and inspections should regularly identify and follow up on maintenance problems. 111-16 �111-17 �Figure 111-7 CONDITION B: WATERFRONT PARK CONDITIONS Waterfront Park Evergreens Fence Ornamental Trees Directed Views New JerseyBarrier Lawn Edge Evergreen Screen with Canopy Trees Plan Residential Area Elevation 111-18 �2. CONDITION B: WATERFRONT PARK Planting Recommendations Effects: & Integrate additional planting along waterfront boundary to dramatize views of the park from the Freeway and to buffer the park from the Freeway. Prune and maintain indigenous plantings in selected areas where views are to be maintained. Plant accent flowering and evergreen trees on both sides of r.o.w. fence to help screen the fence and integrate it with planting (see recommended plant material for landscape condition B). Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: & Lighting: Remove overhead lighting fixtures for consistent lighting treatment (all overhead lighting to be limited to entry/exit and bridged conditions). Signage: Establish small locational sign announcing Anacostia Park adjacent to road. Use proposed treatment, black steel frame and posts. All other necessary signage to be in standard location, adjacent to road and of standard design (see Figure 111-3). 111-19 �Replace existing chain link property line (r.o.w.) fence with black vinyl fencing to blend and harmonize with plant material and for consistent fencing treatment throughout corridor. Consider property easements to move r.o.w. fence into parkland. Fence freeway r.o.w. property line as required by interstate safety regulations. Fencing/Railing: Replace center median guardrail with New Jersey barrier to conform with A A S H T O standards and for consistent median treatment in narrow unplanted median areas. Establish a standard for the use of guardrails to reduce the excessive amount of railing used and limit the use of guardrails to areas with hazardous grade changes. Use standard interstate railing until new design is developed. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & Perform specialized landscape maintenance pruning to existing vegetative buffer along waterfront edge to maintain open views of/to park. Landscape maintenance should also include spraying, weeding, reseeding of wildflowers and mowing of grass areas. 111-20 �3. CONDITION C: NATURAL W O O D L A N D Planting Recommendations Effects: & - Maintain existing woodland conditions found predominantly along lnterstate-295 east embankment. Continue woodland character planting on west embankment and in center median. This treatment would buffer objectionable views of adjacent land uses while creating a consistent park like character and strong image of a green freeway corridor. - Vary planting setback edges to existing woodland to heighten the naturalistic appearance of woodland. Consider revising standards to allow trees to be planted closer than 30 feet away from the road. Lighting: - Remove all lighting except in exit/entry ramp and bridged conditions. For those conditions, lighting fixtures should be of the proposed ornamental type and located adjacent to the road (see Figure 111-2). Signage: — Remove, when possible, overhead signage structures. Locate adjacent to road. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition for area with limited right-of-way. This would allow more signage to be located adjacent to road. If overhead signage is needed, reduce size of structure and apply proposed mounting design system (see Figure 111-3). Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: & — Proposed signage to be of black steel frames and posts, of varying sizes according to the conditions. Establish standard location for directional signage (yield sign, speed limit, etc.). This signage system would reduce visual clutter and confusion while increasing its effectiveness. 111-21 �Fencing/Railing: — Limit use of chain link fencing. Fencing visually separates rather than integrates the woodland landscape in and outside the Freeway r.o.w. In conditions where fencing is required (such as Freeway r.o.w. property line) use black vinyl fencing to blend and harmonize with woodland. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — Preserve existing woodlands by removing damaged and diseased vegetation, pruning crowded limbs, removing choking vines. Landscape maintenance should also include weeding and mowing of grass areas along edges of woodland. 111-22 �4. CONDITION D: INCOMPATIBLE ADJACENT LAND USES Planting Recommendations Effects: & — Screen highly visible institutional and industrial facilities along 1-295, views of residential and commercial communities on Kenilworth Avenue and Anacostia Freeway and gas stations and junk yards facing Kenilworth Avenue. Plant dense masses of evergreen and mixed deciduous trees (see recommended plant list for condition D). Planting of evergreen and deciduous trees would screen objectionable views and would establish an effective landscape buffer. Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: Lighting: & - Overhead lighting should be limited to entry and exit and bridged conditions and should be located adjacent to the roadway for an uncluttered appearance and consistent location. — Use of ornamental light fixtures (see Figure 111-2) would contribute to a parkway like image particularly for urban conditions such as Kenilworth Avenue. Continue use of mercury vapor lighting due to lower costs and preferred color spectrum. 111-23 �Signage: — Remove, when possible, overhead signage structures. Locate adjacent to road. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition to area with limited right-of-way. This would allow more signage to be located adjacent to road. If overhead signage is needed, reduce size of structure and apply proposed mounting design system (see Figure 111-3). — Proposed signage to be of black steel frame and posts, of varying sizes according to the conditions. Establish standard location for directional signage (yield sign, speed limit, etc.). This signage system would reduce visual clutter and confusion while increasing its effectiveness. Fencing/Railing: — Consider property easements and land acquisition to extend property line r.o.w. in areas with less than 40 foot clearance from road. This would allow plant material to screen and integrate fencing with the landscape. Replace existing chain link fencing with black vinyl fencing for consistent fencing treatment throughout corridor. Fence Freeway r.o.w. property line as required by interstate safety regulations. — Establish a standard for the use of guardrails to reduce the excessive amount of existing railing. Limit use of guardrails to areas with hazardous grade changes. Establish a standard for their use. The preferred recommendation is to develop a new guardrail design. Until one is established, use standard interstate metal railing. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — Establish a high level of maintenance in order to preserve the positive image of the green corridor in the urban environment. Maintenance should include sweeping, cleaning and litter pick up; landscape maintenance such as pruning, spraying, weeding, and mowing of lawn areas; and repair and replacement of all damaged or deteriorated roadway hardware and furnishings, including road and curb resurfacing and repair. 111-24 �5. CONDITION E: VIEWS/VISTAS Planting Recommendations Effects: & — Scenic views of the Capital City and waterfront would create an interesting and enjoyable driving experience while reinforcing a gateway image. — O n Anacostia Freeway and the city, including views of Monument. Plant evergreen frame and direct views (see for landscape condition E). lnterstate-295 frame views of the Capitol and Washington and mixed deciduous trees to recommended plant material — Prune existing vegetation which blocks views to city and waterfront. Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: & Lighting: — Remove overhead center lane median lighting which may block or interfere with views. Locate all required lighting at exit/entry ramps and bridged conditions adjacent to road where lighting fixtures will give an uncluttered appearance and detract least from the view. Signage: - Remove, when possible, overhead signage structures which may detract from views. Locate them adjacent to road. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition for area with limited right-of-way. This would allow more signage to be located adjacent to road. If overhead signage is needed, reduce size of structure and apply proposed mounting design system (see Figure 111-3). — Proposed signage should be of black, squared, steel frame with posts of varying sizes according to the conditions. Establish standard location for directional signage (yield sign, speed limit, etc.). This signage system would reduce visual clutter and confusion while increasing its effectiveness. 111-25 �Limit use of chain link fencing, as fencing visually separates rather than integrates the landscape environment in and outside the Freeway r.o.w. Replace chain link fencing with proposed black vinyl fencing in areas requiring fencing (such as Freeway r.o.w. property line required by Interstate safety regulations) to blend and harmonize with plant materials. Consider property easements and land acquisition to extend property r.o.w. in areas with less than 40 foot clearance from road. This would allow plant material to screen fencing and make it less visually intrusive. Fencing/Railing: Additional installation of stone walls would contribute towards a consistent park like character throughout the corridor. Cut stone retaining walls, matching the existing stone walls and bridge abutments, would visually harmonize with the parkway like landscape and would enhance views to the Capitol and Waterfront. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & A high level of maintenance is particularly important in viewing areas of the Freeway where close foreground views of trash and neglected areas could distract from long scenic views. Maintenance should include sweeping, cleaning and litter pickup; landscape maintenance; and hard surface repair and replacement work on curbs and road surfaces. 111-26 �6. CONDITION F: EXIT/ENTRY RAMPS, BRIDGE EMBANKMENTS Planting Recommendations Effects: & — Plant flowering and evergreen trees with low evergreen shrubs to form an important first and last impression as motorists enter and exit the freeway (see recommended plant material for condition F). This treatment would apply to all exit and entry ramped areas and bridge embankments. Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: Lighting: & — Overhead lighting should be limited to entry and exit and bridged conditions and should be located adjacent to the roadway for an uncluttered appearance and consistent location. — Use of ornamental light fixtures (see Figure 111-2) would contribute to a parkway like image, particularly for urban conditions such as Kenilworth Avenue. Continue use of mercury vapor lighting due to lower costs and preferred color spectrum. Signage: — Remove, when possible, overhead signage structures. Locate adjacent to road. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition for area with limited right-of-way. This would allow more signage to be located adjacent to road. If overhead signage is needed, reduce size of structure and apply proposed mounting design system (see Figure 111-3). — Proposed signage to be of black steel frames and posts, of varying sizes according to the conditions. Establish standard location for directional signage (yield sign, speed limit, etc.). This signage system would reduce visual clutter and confusion. 111-27 �— Remove signage on overhead pedestrian bridges. This would give a less cluttered appearance to the roadway. — Continue use of Federal Interstate signage. Fencing/Railing: — Fence Freeway r.o.w. property line as required by interstate safety regulations. Replace existing chain link fencing with proposed black vinyl fencing which would blend with plant material and surrounding landscape. — Install proposed black metal railing with consistent post spacing in conditions where railing is currently being used, such as pedestrian bridges and bridged conditions. A consistent use of metal railing applied to various site conditions would establish a consistent identity throughout the corridor (see Figure 111-5). — Establish a standard for the use of guardrails to reduce the excessive amount of existing railing. Limit the use of guardrails to areas with hazardous grade changes. The preferred recommendation is to develop a new guardrail design. Until one is established, use standard interstate metal railing. — Additional installation of stone walls would contribute to a consistent parkway like character throughout the corridor. Cut stone retaining walls would match existing stone walls and bridge embankments. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — Maintenance should emphasize repair and replacement of all damaged or deteriorated highway hardware and furnishings, including road and curb resurfacing and repair. Steam clean stone bridges. 111-28 �7. CONDITION G: MEDIANS Planting Recommendations Effects: & — Plant median of lnterstate-295 with informally massed deciduous and evergreen trees to repeat the existing woodland on the eastern edge of 1-295 and to achieve a similar natural character. Dense median planting would screen objectionable views of industrial and institutional facilities to the west and would reduce glare of oncoming traffic at night. — Plant center median of Anacostia Freeway where opportunities exist. Plant street trees in narrow planting strips above bridge abutments to repeat the image of the green corridor. Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: Lighting: & — Overhead lighting should be limited to entry and exit and bridged conditions and should be located adjacent to the roadway for an uncluttered appearance and consistent location. — Use of ornamental light fixtures (see Figure 111-2) would contribute to a parkway like image, particularly for urban conditions such as Kenilworth Avenue. Continue use of mercury vapor lighting due to lower costs and preferred color spectrum. Signage: — Remove all overhead and center median signage and locate adjacent to road. Consider property easements and land acquisition for area with limited right-of-way. This would allow more signage to be located adjacent to road. — Proposed signage to be of consistent material in standard locations for unified image of roadway. 111-29 �Fencing/Railing: — Install New Jersey barrier throughout the corridor in areas without a landscaped median. This treatment would conform with A A S H T O standards and would provide a consistent appearance to the median. — Metal railing would be installed wherever existing railing is used above New Jersey barriers. Replace chain link fencing above New Jersey barrier on Kenilworth Avenue with proposed metal railing for a more attractive treatment and compatible use of materials (see Figure 111-5). — Establish a standard for the use of guardrails to reduce the excessive amount of existing railing. The preferred recommendation is to develop a new guardrail design. Use the standard interstate metal railing until new standard is developed. Limit use of guardrails to areas with hazardous changes. — Additional installation of stone walls would contribute to the parkway like character of the corridor. Use cut stone retaining walls to match existing stone walls and bridge abutments in landscaped medians along 1-295 and Anacostia Freeway. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — A high level of maintenance is particularly important in the medians where close foreground views of trash and neglected areas would detract from the desired positive image. Maintenance should include sweeping, cleaning and litter pickup; landscape maintenance; and hard surface repair and replacement work on curbs and road surfaces. 111-30 �8. CONDITION H: URBAN STREET Planting Recommendations Effects: & — Plantings of street trees and evergreen trees at edges of roadway would provide a sense of enclosure and screen objectionable views of adjacent commercial, residential and industrial land uses as well as buffering those areas from the roadway. — Rows of canopy street trees with low understory evergreen shrubs would be an effective screen of adjacent commercial facilities. Consider land acquisition or property easements to provide more adequate space for planting. — Plant mixed evergreen and ornamental trees in medians against stone piers of pedestrian bridges over Anacostia Freeway. This would partially screen the overhead pedestrian bridges and repeat the image of the green corridor. Freeway Structures Recommendations Effects: Lighting: & — Overhead lighting should be limited to entry and exit and bridged conditions and should be located adjacent to the roadway for an uncluttered appearance and consistent location. — Use of ornamental light fixtures (see Figure 111-2) would contribute to a parkway like image, particularly for urban conditions such as Kenilworth Avenue. Continue use of mercury vapor lighting due to lower costs and preferred color spectrum. Signage: — Remove all overhead directional signage and replace with signage adjacent to road to reduce visual clutter. Consider property easements and/or land acquisition in areas with limited r.o.w. 111-31 �— If overhead signage is needed, reduce size of structures and apply proposed mounting design system (see Figure 111-3). — Replace center median guardrail with New Jersey barrier to conform with A A S H T O standards and for consistent median treatment in unlandscaped median areas. — Establish a standard for the use of guardrails to reduce the excessive amount of railing used and limit the use of guardrails to areas with hazardous grade changes. Use standard interstate railing until new design is developed. Maintenance Recommendations Effects: & — Establish a high level of maintenance in order to preserve the positive image of the green corridor in the urban environment. 111-32 �DESIGN TREATMENTS FOR ANACOSTIA FREEWAY CORRIDOR ���Figure III-8 ZONE I: KENILWORTH AVENUE �C. DESIGN TREATMENTS FOR ANACOSTIA FREEWAY CORRIDOR The following design treatments are the applications of conceptual design recommendations for freeway problem areas. Photographs of each of the existing problem areas and sketch perspectives of the proposed treatments are used to show the "before and after" conditions of each area in question. The photographs and design treatments have been arranged from north to south throughout the three zones. 1. ZONE I: KENILWORTH AVENUE The Kenilworth Avenue zone under study extends two and one half miles from Eastern Avenue on the Maryland/Prince George's—District of Columbia boundary to Benning Road. Because of its narrow corridor (the average right-of-way is 100 feet) and its urban setting it offers the greatest challenge to the creation of a green gateway. Most of the recommendations concern the standardization and upgrading of freeway structures and improved maintenance. Most of the planting recommendations concern screening of incompatible adjacent land uses. III-35 �Figure 111-9 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #1 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-36 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #1 CONDITION: A. Arrival/Entry Planting Recommendation: Establish a sequence of planting and a unified entry planting and signage design (see recommended plant list for Condition A). Effect: A careful sequencing of the entry planting and signage would direct the motorists' attention to the signage. It would create a sense of arrival and an important first impression and image of the corridor. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Effect: Replace existing lighting with proposed ornamental fixtures adjacent to road. Ornamental lighting fixtures would contribute to the parkway like character; a standard location adjacent to the road would maintain an uncluttered median and provide a consistent treatment. Signage: Recommendation: Effect: Remove unnecessary overhead signage structure. Replace with ground plane signage adjacent to road. The special use of ground plane signage only at the entries to the corridor would create an important sense of entry. Signage adjacent to the road would result in an open and uncluttered roadway. III-37 �Figure 111-10 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #2 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-38 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #2 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses H. Urban Street Planting Recommendation: Plant street trees and massed evergreen trees along embankment (see recommended plant list for Condition D, H). Effect: A uniform planting of street trees would establish visual order while evergreen trees would screen views of residential neighborhoods and buffer the neighborhoods from the roadway. Freeway Structures Signage: Recommenda Effect: tion: Install recommended signage. This would provide a more attractive and unified signage system. 111-39 �Figure 111-11 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #3 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-40 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #3 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses H. Urban Street Planting Recommendation: — Plant massed evergreen and flowering trees (see plant recommendations for Conditions D, H). Effect: — Informal massed plantings would create a parkway-like edge and a green backdrop to the corridor. It would screen views of the residential communities as well as buffer the road from the neighborhood. 111-41 �Figure 111-12 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #4 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-42 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #4 CONDITIONS: F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments H. Urban Street Planting Recommendation: Plant additional street trees of same species as existing trees above bridge abutments and in front of bridge pier. Plant massed evergreens in front of pier. Effect: Additional tree planting would recall the green corridor effect of the earlier roadway sequences and would be an attractive use of narrow planting strips. Massed evergreen planting would partially screen the pier of the overhead ramp. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommenda tion: — Relocate center median lighting and relocate adjacent to roadway. Use proposed ornamental fixtures. — This would provide a consistent lighting appearance location and would reduce the visual clutter in the center median. Effect: Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Effect: Remove existing railing above bridge abutment and install recommended metal railing. Use of recommended railing would be more compatible with stone bridge structures. Similar treatments and materials would unify the appearance of the roadway. Maintenance Recommendation: Remove weeds along paved roadway edge and apply preventive spray to maintain edge. Effect: A maintained edge of roadway would improve the appearance of Kenilworth Avenue. R ecommenda Effect: tion: Steam clean the face of stone wall. Paint overhead bridges. This would improve the roadway environment appearance. 111-43 �Figure 111-13 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #5 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment ill-44 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #5 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses H. Urban Street Planting Recommendation: — Plant deciduous and evergreen trees in front of fence (see recommended plant list for Conditions D, H). Effect: — This would screen views of adjacent residental communities, provide an attractive green edge to the roadway and integrate the fence with the planting. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: — Replace existing chain link fence with proposed black vinyl coated fence. Effect: — The black fencing would blend with the proposed planting. Maintenance Recommendation: Repair curbs. Remove weeds growing over the curbs and apply preventive spray. Effect: Maintenance of the roadway edge — its curbing and shoulders — would give a neater and more attractive appearance to the roadway. 111-45 �Figure 111-14 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #6 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #6 CONDITIONS: F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments H. Urban Street Planting Recommenda tion: Effect: Plant exit embankment with small flowering trees and evergreen trees and shrubs. Plant evergreen trees on both sides of fence line. A similar treatment of the exit embankment would make it consistent with the rest of the corridor and form an important last impression of the corridor. Planting on both sides of fence would integrate the fence with the landscape and would also screen views of adjacent residential communities. Shrub planting of the embankment would stabilize slope and lower maintenance costs. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Effect: Fencing/Railing: Recommenda tion: Effect: Remove non-functional traffic light. Move exit ramp lighting to edge of roadway, and install recommended features. This would give an organized and consistent appearance to the corridor. — Install recommended metal railing on bridge. — Install recommended black vinyl fencing along property line. — Use of the proposed fencing and railing would result in a more attractive and consistent appearance of the roadway and would screen adjacent residential housing. 111-47 �Maintenance Recommendation: — Clean up and repair paved median strip. Remove weeds and apply preventive spray. Remove loose rubble and concrete. Repair concrete curbing. Effect: — This would give a clean, well-maintained appearance. Recommendation: — Install new paving in median strip. Effect: — This would give a neater and more attractive appearance. 111-48 �111-49 �Figure 111-15 KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #7 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-50 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, SOUTHBOUND #7 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Planting Recommendation: Effect: Plant upright screen trees against fence to grow on fence along exit (see recommended plant list for Condition D). Planting would provide an attractive treatment of the exit by developing a living green edge to the roadway and would create an important last impression of the corridor. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Remove guardrail, adjacent to bridge abutment and continue proposed metal railing. Effect: This would provide a uniform and attractive railing treatment. Recommendation: Replace chain link fence along exit with proposed black vinyl coated fence. Effect: This would be a more attractive treatment of the roadway edge and would be consistent with fencing treatments throughout the corridor. Maintenance Recommendation: Remove weeds along guardrail and stone wall and apply preventive spray. Steam clean face of stone wall. Effect: This would improve the appearance of the corridor. 111-51 �Figure 111-16 KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #8 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-52 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #8 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses H. Urban Street Planting Recommendation: — Plant street trees and understory evergreen shrubs (see recommended plant list for Condition D). Effect: — This treatment would provide a sense of enclosure and would screen but not restrict views of commercial facilities. 111-53 �Figure 111-17 KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #9 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-54 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #9 CONDITION: F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Planting Recommendation: — Maintain lawn around guardrail and plant mixed evergreen shrubs behind guardrail. Add mixed evergreen and ornamental trees where possible. Effect: — This planting and increased maintenance would be a more attractive treatment of this condition. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: — Remove bridge railing and install recommended metal railing. Effect: — This would be a more attractive treatment of the elevated roadway edge and would be consistent with the railing treatments throughout the corridor. Maintenance Recommendation: — Resurface walkway and repair curbing. Effect: — This would improve the appearance of Kenilworth Avenue and decrease the amount of patchwork maintenance required. 111-55 �Figure 111-18 KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #10 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-56 �DESIGN TREATMENT - KENILWORTH AVENUE, NORTHBOUND #10 CONDITIONS: D. F. G. H. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Medians Urban Street Planting Recommendation: Effect: Maintain dense planting at edges of corridor. Supplement where necessary. Maintenance of existing planting and supplemental planting at the edge of the roadway corridor would create a green backdrop to the roadway. A green buffer would visually separate the roadway from adjacent zones. Recommendation: Plant row of street trees in median between parallel road and Freeway. Effect: This would create a partial screen between the roadways. It would be an attractive use of the median and suggest a parkway appearance. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Remove center lane lighting to side of road. Replace existing fixtures with proposed ornamental fixtures. Effect: This treatment would result in an open, uncluttered corridor with a neater appearance and would conform to the standard lighting location. Use of ornamental fixtures would contribute to a parkway like character. Signage: Recommendation: Remove signage from pedestrian bridge. When possible, relocate signage adjacent to road. Effect: A consistent signage location adjacent to the road would reduce visual clutter and increase the effectiveness of the signage. III-57 �Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: — Remove chain link fencing above New Jersey barrier and install recommended metal railing. — Install proposed metal railing for pedestrian bridges. Effect: — Use of compatible materials and similar treatments would unify the appearance of the roadway. 111-58 �t ilt-19 IK AT{ACOSNA FRTF}VAY rt? / c,erglr o |;- c o Washrngton Navy '/ard I <--' ¿\ :r U.S. Naval Station Nat¡rrnal ÂrObr)¡.?tE¡n¡ A,na(jostr¿ì i):rrk {iì) t" i.' -\ Barn¿;y Circle .i¡l lnl tl lì¿, , r: rìacostta e ths ::1î ll) rk ' -( 't - -*-J/4 r, {.reneru¡ t-.loap¡tß¡ -- ..,-r*.*' Dc. Ì') ,t Anacost¡a Park (F) ,En¿tÇr.)stia I I : '! -l --..-:Ë?--_' Ferk iG) f:ì .) f.] i{ 'i: ( I (. Park (F) ,'u'\t ii t,¡\ I ,L : i.-1,-.. (--t I Fort St¿lnton i :.a:- Park -.Y ; Fort Dupont park ; {: northbound photos 12 through 1 southbound pbt0 l:t ilt{o ¡l { n �2. ZONE 2: ANACOSTIA FREEWAY The Anacostia Freeway zone under study extends approximately three and one half miles from Benning Road to the Suitland Parkway. Like the Kenilworth Avenue zone, it crosses a fairly dense urban setting. Most of the recommendations for this zone include the standardization and upgrading of freeway structures; planting recommendations are made for the screening of incompatible adjacent land uses and for directing views to Anacostia Park. 111-61 �Figure 111-20 ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, SOUTHBOUND #11 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment -62 �DESIGN TREATMENT - ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, SOUTHBOUND #11 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Plant evergreen and mixed deciduous trees along western edge of corridor. Consider land easement or acquisition in order to increase the planting density (see recommended plant list for Conditions D, G). Effect: This would effectively screen views of adjacent residential communities and railroad corridor and would buffer the community from the roadway. It would establish a green background for the roadway. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Remove center lane guardrail. Install recommended jersey barrier. Effect: This would provide a consistent center lane median treatment. 111-63 �Figure 111-21 ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #12 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-64 �DESIGN TREATMENT - ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #12 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses C . Medians Planting Recommenda tion: Effect: Plant mixed evergreen and deciduous trees along fence at freeway edge (see recommended plant list for Conditions D, G). This would screen undesirable views of commercial facilities and improve the appearance of the freeway by developing a green background to the freeway. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Remove lighting along freeway except for exit/entry ramps and bridges. Effect: This would provide a consistent lighting location and appearance to the freeway. Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Remove center guardrail and install New Jersey barrier. Effect: New Jersey barrier would provide consistent center-lane treatment. Signage: Recommendation: Locate signage adjacent to road. Consider land easements or acquisition. Install recommended signage mounting system. Effect: This would provide a consistent location and appearance of the signage and would reduce the visual clutter. III-65 �Figure 111-22 ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #13 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-66 �DESIGN TREATMENT - ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #13 CONDITIONS: B. Waterfront Park E. Views/Vistas G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Plant informal masses of evergreen and accent flowering trees along waterfront park area (see recommended plant list for Conditions B, G). Effect: This treatment would direct and dramatize views towards the waterfront park while partially buffering the park from the freeway. This would help integrate the park and its green recreational character into the freeway environment. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Remove lighting from roadside. Effect: As this is not an entry/exit or bridged condition, this would be consistent with the standard treatment for lighting location. Signage: Recommendation: Sandblast and paint bridge in waterfront park area (blue or dark green). Effect: Painting the bridge would improve its appearance and would suggest the nearby presence of the waterfront park by its color. III-67 �Figure 111-23 ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #14 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-68 �DESIGN TREATMENT - ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #14 CONDITION: F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Planting Recommendation: Plant evergreen and flowering trees with seasonal annuals and perennials along embankments (see recommended plant list for Condition F). Effect: Informal massed plantings along the embankments would partially screen oncoming traffic and would enhance the parkway like character. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Retain lighting fixtures only at entry condition of oncoming traffic. Install ornamental light fixture. Effect: This would be a more appropriate lighting treatment for a parkway like area. Fencing/Railing: Recommenda Effect: tion: Remove guardrail and replace with cut stone retaining wall along embankment. The stone wall would enrich the landscape character and would provide a consistent use of material in each zone. Use of the stone wall along the embankment would be consistent with the parkway like environment and would reinforce the landscape character of the freeway. III-69 �DESIGN TREATMENT - ANACOSTIA FREEWAY, NORTHBOUND #15 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Effect: Plant evergreen and deciduous trees in front of fence (see recommended plant list for Conditions D, G). This treatment would integrate the fence with plant material rather than separate the road from the landscape and would screen the railroad corridor. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Retain lighting closest to bridged condition and relocate it from center lane median to position adjacent to roadway. Use recommended ornamental fixture. Effect: This would result in an open corridor with a neater, less cluttered appearance and would conform with the standard lighting location. Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Replace existing chain link fence with recommended black vinyl fencing. Move fence back into the trees. Consider property or land acquisition. Effect: Use of the proposed fencing treatment would make it less visible against the landscape and consistent with the rest of the corridor. Increased setback of the fence would result in more room for planting and a less constricted edge to the roadway. Relocation of the fence would allow it to be integrated with proposed planting and would result in a unified landscape. Recommendation: Remove center guardrail and install New Jersey barrier. Effect: New Jersey barrier would provide consistent center lane treatment. 111-71 �111-72 �¡ ,ir tb¡to "v'/ 1ltj25 Hgrt & t{rtssIATE_ ã15 " f:cr1 McNatr .., Nalional AirPôt't ¡ l ¡ : : t, i Þangertield islarltl I I I I I I Defense l¡rtellegen AgencY I J I i U.S. Navat Station D.C. Nursery i ¡ i Porrla; Point {1 ' - :tt, ' ¡ Bolling Airforce Base roSG 'oOt 'f ¿a9 r t,. C Naval Research u._ Lâboralory a Anâcc'slta PÐll a Blue Plains -. '- t. , 1 :lirj .iì 'i.. i l .i 'i l) ! t t- rl O¡on Þ.- Run i I tða y¡an4 Oxon Hill Farm (i¿ ()¡ ¡a 98¿, \ norürhound Photos 19 Érrough ?1 souüb$rrd phpÞ.f 16 *rotrlh, Itþ74 ß \-.' , Fort Slafl ?a& t, �3. ZONE III: INTERSTATE 295 The Interstate 295 zone under study is four miles in length and extends from the Suitland Parkway to the District of Columbia—Maryland/Prince George's Boundary. Of the three zones, it resembles the ideal green gateway the most. Most of the recommendations are made for the enhancement of dramatic views and existing vegetation. Additional recommendations are made for the standardization of freeway structures. 111-75 �Figure 111-26 INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #16 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #16 CONDITIONS: D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Effect: Plant evergreen and mixed deciduous trees to screen industrial and institutional facilities (see recommended plant list for Conditions D, G). This screening treatment would provide a green buffer between the corridor and visually objectionable adjacent land uses. It would create a uniform green background to the edges of the corridor and suggest a parkway like character. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Replace center guardrail with New Jersey barrier. Effect: New Jersey barrier would provide consistent center-lane treatment. III-77 �Figure 111-27 INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #17 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-78 �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #17 CONDITIONS: C. Natural Woodland F. Exit/Entry Ramps, Bridge Embankments Planting Recommendation: Effect: Integrate massed planting of evergreen and ornamental trees with existing vegetation behind stone retaining wall. Vary edge of existing vegetation. This would provide seasonal interest and would enhance the naturalistic appearance of the woodland. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommenda tion: Replace guardrail on western edge with stone-faced retaining wall. Effect: Use of the stone wall would be consistent with the parkway like character of this segment and would enrich the landscape character of the freeway. This would apply the uniform treatment used in similar conditions throughout the corridor. Recommendation: Replace old railing on bridge with proposed railing. Effect: The proposed railing would be a more attractive and consistent treatment of this condition. III-79 �Figure 111-28 INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #18 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-80 �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, SOUTHBOUND #18 CONDITIONS: C. Natural Woodland G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Plant massed evergreen and deciduous trees in center median (see recommended plant list for Condition G). Provide grass edge; vary width to contribute to the natural character. This naturalistic treatment would enhance the parkway like character of the freeway. Increased tree planting would reduce the mowing requirements. Effect: Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Restrict lighting to exit/entry ramps only. Replace existing fixtures with ornamental fixtures. This would establish a consistent lighting location and would highlight the exit/entry ramps. Ornamental fixtures would enhance the desired parkway like image. Effect: Fencing/Railing: Recommenda tion: Effect: Install recommended metal railing above guard wall. This would provide a consistent, unified design and treatment. Paving/Resurfacing: Recommendation: Install curbing between safety shoulder and grass edge. Effect: This would establish a clear definition between roadway and landscape edge. 111-81 �Figure 111-29 INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #19 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-82 �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #19 CONDITIONS: A. Arrival/Entry C. Natural Woodland G. Medians Planting Recommendation: Establish a sequence of planting and a unified entry planting and signage design in the median. Remove shrubs in center median. Provide grass edge; vary width to contribute to the natural character. Effect: A careful sequencing of the entry planting and signage would direct the motorists' attention to the signage. It would create a sense of arrival and an important first impression and image of the corridor. A naturalistic planting treatment would enhance the parkway like character of the freeway. Increased median planting would reduce the mowing requirements. Recommendation: Vary planting setback along roadway edge and combine new plant materials with existing planted edge. Effect: This would create a naturalistic edge and varied spatial sequence. Freeway Structures Lighting: Recommendation: Restrict lighting to entry ramp area only. Replace existing lighting with proposed ornamental fixtures adjacent to road. Effect: This would establish a consistent lighting location and would highlight the entry. Ornamental lighting fixtures would contribute to the parkway like character. Signage: Recommendation: Effect: Establish new ground plane signage adjacent to road. The special use of ground plane signage only at the entries would create an important sense of entry and a parkway like image. Signage adjacent to the road would result in an open uncluttered roadway. III-83 �Figure 111-30 INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #20 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment 111-84 �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #20 CONDITIONS: C. Natural Woodland D. Incompatible Adjacent Land Uses G. Medians Planting Recommendation: — Plant evergreen and deciduous trees in front of fence at western edge of roadway (see recommended plant list for Condition D; to be planted by Blue Plains Treatment Facility.) Effect: — Planting against the fence would make the fence less prominent and would integrate the fence into the parkway like environment. Recommendation: — Plant median with informally massed evergreen and deciduous trees (see recommended plant list for Condition G). Effect: — This would repeat the naturalistic character of the eastern edge and enhance the parkway like character of this segment. It would be an attractive treatment of the median. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: — Remove fence at eastern edge since there are no incompatible adjacent land uses. Effect: — This would integrate the road with the landscaped environment rather than separating the landscape from the road. Curbing: Recommendation: — Install a low roll curb between safety shoulder and lawn area throughout the corridor on eastern edge of roadway. Effect: — This would establish a defined edge treatment between the road and landscaped environment. 111-85 �Figure 111-31 INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #21 Existing Condition Proposed Treatment III-86 �DESIGN TREATMENT - INTERSTATE 295, NORTHBOUND #21 CONDITIONS: C. Natural Woodland E. Views/Vistas G. Medians Planting Recommenda tion: Effect: Recommendation: Effect: Cut back edges of existing woodland and develop naturalistic planting edge. Establish lawn edge of roadway shoulders. This would open the roadway corridor and dramatize distant views of the Capitol and monuments. Plant median with informally massed low shrubs. This would be an attractive treatment of the median and would help reduce glare of oncoming traffic at night. Low shrub planting would not block views of the monuments. Freeway Structures Fencing/Railing: Recommendation: Remove center lane guardrail. Install stone retaining wall. Effect: This would be an attractive and consistent treatment of center lane median. Maintenance Recommendation: Thin woodland edge. Effect: Maintenance of the woodland edge would healthy tree growth. III-87 promote �111-88 �IV. COST ESTIMATE �1 �IV. COST ESTIMATE A. SUMMARY The cost estimate for the Anacostia Freeway Corridor was developed on a cost per mile. This amount was multiplied by the number of miles in each zone and a cost per zone was developed. By adding the costs of each zone, a total cost for the corridor was determined. Items Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Total PLANTING LIGHT FIXTURES SIGNAGE: $604,320 105,000 143,000 $1,567,764 87,500 423,000 $3,510,540 150,000 6,000 $5,682,624 342,500 572,000 FENCING RAILING BARRIERS: New Jersey Stone Wall BRIDGE MAINTENANCE:* Painting & Sandblasting 126,720 1,410,750 468,864 1,975,200 570,240 187,000 1,165,824 3,572,950 480,000 1,074,480 480,000 Total Cost Total Cost per mile 1,074,480 59,670 54,000 19,800 133,470 $2,449,460 $5,650,808 $4,923,580 $13,023,848 $979,184 $1,510,911 $1,103,942 $1,217,182 *There may be other issues relative to maintenance, like road resurfacing and curbing, that have not been included in this estimate. IV-1 �I. ZONE I: KENILWORTH AVENUE Items Quantity Materials or Condition Unit Cost Total Cost 10,072 If* $60 If $604,320 Plant Material Total plant material* applied to 80% of Zone Lighting Remove & replace 42 ea 2,500 ea 105,000 Road level Overhead 10 ea 2 ea 300 ea 70,000 ea 3,000 140,000 Fencing Black vinyl 10,560 If 12 If 126,720 Railing Bridge: Remove and replace New Jersey Barrier Guardrail 4,950 If 13,200 If 85 If 75 If 420,750 990,000 Barriers New Jersey Barriers Stone Walls Bridge Maintenance Paint & Sand Blast 119,340 sf .50 sf 59,670 Signage Posts & Maintaining $2,449,460 Total Cost * Planting Material per 100 feet Unit Canopy Trees Evergreen Trees Shrubs Lawn/Ground Cover *lf = linear feet IV-2 Total Quantity Materials Cost 4 7 75 2,400 $240 ea 80 ea 35 ea 1 sf Cost $960 560 2,625 2,400 $6,545 �2. ZONE II: ANACOSTIA FREEWAY Items Quantity Materials or Condition Unit Cost Total Cost 14,652 $107 If $1,567,764 Plant Material Total Plant Material* apply to 75% of Zone Lighting Remove & replace 35 2,500 87,500 Road Level Overhead Signage 10 6 300 70,000 3,000 420,000 Signage Posts & Mounting Fencing Black vinyl 39,072 If 12 If 468,864 Railing Bridge New Jersy Barrier Guardrail 6,000 If 19,536 If 85 If 75 If 510,000 1,465,200 Barriers New Jersey Barriers Stone Wall 19,536 sf 55 If 1,074,480 Bridge Maintenance Paint & Sand Blast 108,000 sf .50 sf 54,000 • $5,650,808 Total Cost * Plant Material per 100 ft Unit Canopy Trees Flowering Trees Evergreen Trees Shrubs Groundcover (wildflowers, grass, bulbs, perennials) Total Quantity Materials Cost 2 2 8 30 8,000 sf Cost ea ea ea ea $480 160 976 1,050 1 sf 8,000 $240 80 122 35 $10,666 IV-3 �3. ZONE III: INTERSTATE 295 Items Materials or Condition Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost 17,820 197 $3,510,540 Plant Material Total Plant Material* applied to 75% of Zone Lighting Remove & replace 60 2,500 150,000 Signage Posts & Maintaining Overhead 20 300 6,000 Fencing Black vinyl chain link 47,520 If 12 If 570,240 Railing Bridge New Jersey Barrier Guardrail 2,200 If 85 If 187,000 Barriers New Jersey Barriers Stone Wall 15,000 sf 32 sf 480,000 Bridge Maintenance Paint & Sandblast 39,600 sf .50 sf 19,800 $4,923,580 Total Cost Zone 3 1-295 * Planting Material per 100 ft Unit Materials Total Quantity Canopy Trees Flowering Trees Evergreen Trees Ground Cover (grass, wildflowers, perennials, bulbs) Cost 3 5 5 $240 ea 80 ea 122 ea $720 400 610 18,000 sf 1 sf 18,000 $19,730 IV-4 �APPENDICES ��APPENDIX A BIBLIOGRAPHY U.S. Department of Agriculture, Scenic Road: Basis for Its Planning, Design, ment, 1970. U.S. Department of Commerce, Programs for Scenic Roads and Parkways, Manage1966. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Visual Values for the Highway User, 1973. STATE, REGIONAL AND VICINITY PUBLICATIONS American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Highway and Operational Practices Related to Highway Safety, 1974. District of Columbia Department of Transportation, Plans of Proposed provements on the Freeway System, 1982. Design Guide Sign Im- District of Columbia Department of Transportation, Standard Specifications ways and Structures, 1974. for High- District of Columbia Department of Transportation, Supplemental Specifications, 1, 1981, to Standard Specifications for Highway and,Structures, 1974, 1 9 8 1 . June REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS Eckbo Dean Austin & Williams, Landscape Design Guide for Highways and Expressways, County of Santa Clara Department of Public Works, CA., 1970. Eckbo Dean Austin & Williams, Landscape Design Details and Specifications, Santa Clara Department of Public Works, CA., 1970. Halprin, Lawrence, Freeways, County of Reinhold Publishing Corporation, N.Y., 1966. Kerr, Kathleen, Cost Data for Landscape 1982. Construction, Kerr Associates, Inc., Minn., Lynch, Kevin, The Image of the City, M.l.T. Press, Cambridge, MA., 1960. Means, Robert Snow, Means Site Work Cost Data, 1982, Robert Snow Means pany, Inc., MA., 1982. Mumford, Lewis, The Urban Prospect, Whyte, William H., The Last Landscape, Com- Harcourt, Brace and World, N.Y., 1968. Doubleday & Company, Inc., N.Y., 1970. A-1 ��APPENDIX B AGENCIES CONTACTED District of Columbia Department of Transportation • Director Thomas M. Downs • Design Division Richard Allen, Acting Chief • Bureau of Design Engineering and Research Bernard Grace, Landscape Architect • Bureau of Traffic Engineering and Operations Seward E. Cross, Deputy Assistant Director • Office of Engineering Division Lewis E. Lantz III, Acting Chief • Street Light Planning and Design Section David L. Stoneburner, Head • Street Division John M. Stuart, Horticulturist • Tree Division Hans J. Johannsen, Chief A-2 ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia freeway corridor enhancement study Subject The topic of the resource Neighborhoods Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Roadside improvement--Maintenance and repair Corridors--Washington (D.C.) Description An account of the resource Prepared for District of Columbia Department of Transportation. Please note: This report includes irregularly-sized pages. If the report is not visible, try scrolling to the right or left or using the zoom in (+) or zoom out (-) functions in the PDF viewer window. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource EDAW Inc. EDAWinc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1963?] Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/204a6eaeace7caa5d0e8148d4fea4118.pdf?Expires=1773878400&Signature=QpQ8moNO6McRucTnw7JjLcXgf4f%7EdN37xTxsHDRq3j1NfTgku%7EKoC4KXn9eB1XvYK0JR0pjAY6%7Er6lvOU-Z8vjlrgfrCdUuGF1grLX9pb70Ph94NniMfJRqLCR46OWs2sB6yVhBTutPQBGoMv6Iqu660n3vFkC6QeuqyGnnxUhClPVdlz1dBlbbIL7IYQ8aLG8LY5PM32uePd9dkuZPPbIOmmXTJFUx16L84LAqzCOVNulE8AQs0jhQZJuHRc4qb-B921DiCiLBLMuHF3ocVrnc5BcCJ3YLE74laJeGbRC1hlrHfwxJ%7E86BYJzSrzXClvdKJ98NtHzma-bwo%7E9uApg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 72f22af28a964f0d81994f90ff3ef0ef PDF Text Text Report on c4naco3tla district €ngineer£ng 3reewau o$ Columbia Studied & £jtimate3 December 1955 Baker-Wibberley, inc. CONSULTING Hagerstown, M d . ENGINEERS Baltimore, M d . �RETURN TO PUNNING RESEARCH SECTION OFFICE OF P A NN AMD PROGRAMMING LN I G DEPT. OF HIGHWAYS AMD TRAFFIC FILE NO: ��(Report on Jreeway, c4naco3tla district Cngineering, of) Columbia Studies & CjtimateJ December 1955 Baker-Wibberley, Inc. CONSULTING Hagerstown, M d . ENGINEERS Baltimore, M d . ��COMMISSIONERS DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Samuel Spencer, Commissioner Thomas A. Lane, Engineer Commissioner, Brigadier General, Corps of Engineers, USA Robert E. McLaughlin, Commissioner DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA J. N. Robertson, Director In Cooperation W i t h BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ��ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bureau of Public Roads, Department of Commerce Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company Department of Highways, District of Columbia Department of Sanitary Engineering, District of Columbia National Capital Parks, Department of Interior National Park Service, Department of Interior National Capital Planning Commission Office of the Assessor, District of Columbia Office of the Surveyor, District of Columbia Pennsylvania Railroad, Eastern Region United States A i r Force, Boiling Field U. S. Engineers, District of Columbia Office U. S. Naval A i r Station, Anacostia, D. C. U. S. Naval Research Laboratory ��BAKER-WIBBERLEY, CONSULTING INC. ENGINEERS GENERAL OFFICES 49 N. J O N A T H A N HAGERSTOWN, PHONE BRANCH ST. MD. November 21, 1955 OFFICE 6 E. M U L B E R R Y ST. B A L T I M O R E , MO. 1714 PLAZA 2 - 5 7 0 R E P L Y TO Hagerstown Board of Commissioners D i s t r i c t of Columbia D i s t r i c t Building Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: This report presents the f i n d i n g s and recommendations of t h i s f i r m , i n connection with the proposed Anacostia Freeway Agreement No. D.C.F. 776 dated November 18, 1954. This r e p o r t s e l e c t s a l o c a t i o n f o r the Anacostia Freeway t h a t w i l l serve the t r a f f i c demands of the area and y e t keep property damage, both p r i v a t e and p u b l i c , to a minimum. A prime c o n s i d e r a t i o n throughout the preparation of t h i s r e p o r t was t h a t of minimizing the i n t e r r u p t i o n of both community and m i l i t a r y a c t i v i t i e s . It is b e l i e v e d t h a t , i n so f a r as p o s s i b l e , t h i s has been accomplished. The importance of the Anacostia Freeway becomes r e a d i l y apparent when the o v e r a l l highway program of the D i s t r i c t of Columbia i s reviewed. Along with s e r v i n g the e x i s t i n g Anacostia R i v e r B r i d g e s , the Anacostia Freeway w i l l f a c i l i t a t e the proper functioning of the proposed Jones Point Bridge and the Inner Loop. The Anacostia Freeway w i l l a l s o serve as an important by-pass route i n the i n t e r s t a t e highway system. With the r a p i d l y i n c r e a s i n g v e h i c u l a r t r a f f i c volumes w i t h i n the D i s t r i c t of Columbia and the e x i s t i n g t r a f f i c problems i n the A n a c o s t i a Area, there i s no doubt t h a t immediate a c t i o n should be taken to insure the r e t e n t i o n of the necessary rights-of-way, the p r e p a r a t i o n of c o n t r a c t p l a n s , and the e a r l y c o n s t r u c t i o n of the A n a c o s t i a Freeway. Yours very t r u l y , BAKER-WIBBERLEY, INC. HEW:dh OFFICE ��TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter of Transmittal Acknowledgements Introduction T r a f f i c Volume Studies Basis of Route Selection Description of Route Design Standards Soils and Foundation Right_of W a y Cost Estimates Summary Reconnaissance ��INDEX OF PLATES 1. Frontispiece-South Capitol St. Interchange II. Vicinity Map III. General Location M a p IV. Population Growth V. General T r a f f i c Flow M a p VI. Turning Movements VII. Present and Projected Bridge T r a f f i c VIII. Plan and Profile Sheets (4) IX. Typical Roadway Sections X. T y p i c a l Ramp Sections XI. Typical Bridge Elevations XII. T y p i c a l Bridge Details XIII. Structure - Oxon Run Bay ��\: { : É- q \ ,r* i \9# \*:- { 1 .l' í ') lt \ "s 'å. .ei rJ I I lr "*- .8, : 'f rì I ,1 r\ ;r lt l1 ; I .l i I il 1 .{ j ''j 'I I I$ j ¿ -1 1rJ-Ìq' { î{ I '+k*t Llì lx 'h þtå À.r it ¡i ¡, l.l i, d ;d Ìfl ì i/ ¡ ;r lËr, 's Fç fl ,gi i I li I Ft: åi tir lç, i lÌ- l'd: -t ì,'.r,, t t ,t r qbÊ ufii t ..'l { rl t I \* I il{T i b $ i. f T $ r¡ \" t{, ¡'. t w ,t ì \,I \ fr I r \ I t'.1 $l ,¡ -d# ñr 1l \J F h$ p{ i b \ q t \ \ t .t \ ì q 1, q{,tr ¡ u¡ o z I ¡ (J É t¡¡ F a = l¡â J o lÀ f\rt I I lÐ o vt �ffi5H5H525E5325H5H525H5HSH525Effi5H5H525E5E5^^ REPORT ON ANACOSTIA FREEWAY Introduction: T h i s report presents an engineering study of the traffic considerations, location, design criteria, geometries, right-of-way, and cost estimates of the proposed Anacostia Freeway from the East Capitol Street Bridge southward along the Anacostia River and the Potomac River, thence across the Oxon Run Bay to the District of Columbia-Maryland Line. For many years the construction of the Anacostia Freeway has been advocated by the National Capital Planning Commission and the District of Columbia Department of Highways. Construction on Kenilworth Avenue, which is the northernmost portion of the Anacostia Freeway, is nearing completion and has as its southern terminus the newly constructed Capitol Street Bridge. East Funds have also been appropriated for the long proposed Jones Point Bridge crossing of the Potomac River. T h e Jones Point Bridge cannot fully be utilized until the proposed Maryland Intercounty Belt Freeway, and the Anacostia Freeway have been completed. It appears that completion of the Maryland Intercounty Belt Freeway is in the somewhat distant future. Therefore, the construction of the Anacostia Freeway becomes of extreme importance at this time. Upon completion, the Anacostia Freeway will become a very important link in the interstate highway system by virtue of its connection to the south, via Jones Point Bridge to Shirley Highway and U. S. Route # 1 , and to the north, with the Washington-Annapolis Expressway and the Baltimore W a s h ington Parkway. T h u s the Freeway will serve as a by-pass Route for northsouth traffic not destined for downtown Washington. �However, the most important function of this facility will be that of distributing the heavy traffic volumes destined to and from interzone areas of Metropolitan Washington, over the Anacostia River Bridges. The procedure followed in studying the location of the Freeway consisted first of a review of all previously assembled data, maps and reports with representatives of the District Department of Highways. T h e entire project, extending from the East Capitol Street Bridge south to the District of Columbia Line, was then made the subject of very thorough field reconnaissance. Upon completion of the field reconnaissance, it was possible to determine upon a general route of the facility and through the use of aerial photography and photogrammetric mapping all culture and major topographic features, including ground contours, were obtained on the general route for the entire length of the project. T h e broad aspects of the problem were next analyzed in consideration of a plan of construction to insure the retention of all necessary rights-ofway and ultimate completion of the project in an orderly manner. In this instance, cognizance was given to population and traffic trends, community activities, right-of-way cost, and general economics of freeway location. Numerous conferences were held with the engineering staff of the District Highway Department in discussing such related problems as t r a f f i c , existing street and highway facilities, proposed facilities by both the District of Columbia and neighboring states, and in particular, connections with the proposed Jones Point, Potomac River crossing. In evaluating right-of-way cost and its effect on the location of the facility, the consultants were given access to all t a x records and all information previously compiled by the District Highway Department. �Basic traffic data were obtained from the Origin and Destination Survey included in the 1948 Washington Metropolitan A r e a Transportation Study conducted by the District of Columbia Department of Highways in cooperation with M a r y l a n d , Virginia and the Bureau of Public Roads. These were brought up-to-date by use of the current traffic volume information and trends supplied by the Planning Division of the District of Columbia Department of Highways. T h e up-to-date basic data were expanded taking into consideration development, normal growth and induced traffic to anticipate 1980 volumes, for use in design of the Freeway. T h e U. S. A r m y Engineers, U. S. A i r Force, T h e Pennsylvania Railroad, T h e Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and others concerned, were contacted and made aware of the location of the proposed freeway, and its effect upon their holdings or facilities. A l l individual problems, requirements, and requests were taken into consideration and a mutually satisfactory solution was derived. Field reconnaissance studies of stream, soil, and foundation conditions were made to determine what effect they may have on the economics of the location. Complete preliminary plans of the highway, bridges, grade seperations, interchanges, and connecting roads were then developed and estimated construction costs tabulated. Based upon the analysis of t r a f f i c , population trends, community growth, and topography as outlined above, a recommended location of the Anacostia Freeway was selected and will be described in detail hereinafter. ��ANACOSTIA FREEWAY VICINITY MAP BAKER-WIBBERLEY, INC. PLATE H ���TRAFFIC VOLUME STUDIES T r a f f i c within the Washington Metropolitan A r e a has increased to such an extent, during the past decade, as to create serious traffic congestion. T h e problem of moving people and commodities through this area has become increasingly acute and it has not been possible for highway improvements to keep pace with the increased vehicular traffic. A s a result, difficult traffic problems have arisen, the number of accidents has increased and serious economic losses have been experienced. T h e National Capital Planning Commission and the District of Columbia Department of Highways, have developed a master highway plan which includes a number of radial and arterial streets and highways, with inner and outer circumferential routes. These plans have been developed in conjunction with neighboring state highway programs. T h e Anacostia Freeway, which is the subject of this report, is part of the master highway plan developed by the above mentioned agencies. In considering the traffic service provided by the Anacostia Freeway and its future traffic potential, this report takes cognizance of the proposed Maryland Intercounty Belt Freeway, extending from the vicinity of Jones Point, northwardly through Prince Georges County, Maryland and circumferentially about the Washington Metropolitan A r e a . T h e southeastern quadrant of this proposed Maryland project, although roughly parallel to the Anacostia Freeway is considered too far removed to serve the same "by-pass" traffic as the Anacostia Freeway and, of course, has no bearing whatsoever on the prime function of the Freeway; that of distributing traffic over the Anacostia River Crossings. T r a f f i c congestion invariably follows population increases. Plate No. IV " P o p u l a t i o n Increase 1 9 4 0 - 1 9 8 0 " shows the population trend within the Anacostia A r e a and Prince Georges County, Maryland. It is noted that the increase between the years 1940 and 1950 approaches 3 0 0 % . It is estimated that by 1980, twenty-five years hence, the population will more �than double that of 1950. T h e rapid growth, as cited, within the general area to be served by this facility makes it necessary to take immediate steps to provide for a more efficient movement of traffic. Inasmuch as traffic volumes roughly parallel population trends, it can readily be seen that traffic will approximately double in the next twentyfive years. T h e report of the Washington Metropolitan A r e a Transportation Study completed by the District of Columbia, Maryland and V i r g i n i a , in cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of Public Roads, Department of Commerce in 1950, records traffic volumes, origins and destinations and consolidated desire lines for traffic for the entire Washington Metropolitan A r e a . T h i s information was completely analyzed and correlated with actual traffic counts in determining the traffic potential on the Anacostia Freeway. T h e results of the traffic studies conducted herein have been depicted on the traffic plates presented in this report. T h e present maximum average daily traffic on the Freeway would exceed 2 5 , 0 0 0 vehicles and the estimated 1980 maximum average daily traffic will exceed 5 0 , 0 0 0 vehicles. These figures have been arrived at by applying generated, development, and normal growth factors to current traffic volumes. For purposes of expanding traffic volumes, no fixed, overall factor may be applied to current traffic volumes due to the character of the traffic within the area. A s shown on plates V and V I , the volumes of traffic to be served by the Freeway will be of such magnitude that a four and six lane divided highway of controlled access design will be required. W e r e this facility constructed with intersections at grade, traffic back-up as a result of the cross and turning movements at each intersection would reduce the attractiveness of the facility to that of a local city street served by traffic lights. W i t h such a design, large volumes of traffic may use the facility efficiently and safely. In determining the points of ingress and egress to the Freeway, only those traffic movements of considerable magnitude have been presented for immediate consideration. �A s previously mentioned, the most important function of this facility will be that of distributing heavy traffic volumes over the Anacostia River Bridges. It then becomes apparent that the capacity of the several Anacostia River Bridges Freeway. has a direct bearing on the satisfactory functions of the Present t r a f f i c figures indicated that the South Capitol Street Bridge is now carrying traffic volumes equal to its design capacity (Plate V I I ) . Under normal traffic increases, noting the fact that any overflow traffic from the South Capitol Street Bridge will use the Eleventh Street Bridge, the Eleventh Street Bridge will also be overloaded in less than five (5) years hence. Inasmuch as the existing Eleventh Street Bridge is ideally located, both from a traffic and topographic standpoint, it appears most reasonable that additional bridge capacity should be provided at this location no later than 1959. T h i s additional Anacostia Bridge capacity is assumed in the assignment of traffic. Consideration was also given to the South Capitol Streeet Bridge which has now reached capacity, but which will be relieved when the Freeway is constructed. T h e revised traffic pattern was projected to 1980 and any excess over the possible capacity was assumed shunted from the turning traffic and moved along to the Eleventh Street Bridge. By studying the traffic projection it is found that a four lane divided highway is necessary, initially and ultimately from the connections at East Capitol Street to Pennsylvania Avenue. South of Pennsylvania Avenue to the South Capitol Street Interchange a six lane divided highway is necessary. South of this Interchange, present and future traffic volumes require only four lanes, however, if Fort Drive is connected, as proposed, six lanes may be required ultimately. T h e design should be such that extra lanes may be added if ever warranted. ��ANACOSTIA FREEWAY LEGEND (50) U.S. Highway Number POPULATION GROWTH ClU) S t a l e Highway Number j Anacostia Area [ I;"'' ) 1 Prince Georges County BAKER-WIBBERLEY, INC. PLATE 1SL �����BASIS OF ROUTE SELECTION T h e general location of the Anacostia Freeway from East Capitol Street Bridge south to the District of Columbia Line, in the vicinity of Oxon Run Bay, has been generally agreed upon by all agencies concerned for many years. T h i s general location roughly parallaled the Anacostia River from East Capitol Street to Overlook Avenue and thence, to the District of Columbia Line on a location that would be determined by the eastern approaches to the Jones Point Bridge. A l l available maps, including aerial photographs and photogrammetric plans were carefully catalogued and studied. In addition, specially prepared aerial photographs and photogrammetric plans were developed. On these maps and photographs a number of alternate locations considered feasible from a topographic and traffic standpoint were plotted. T h i s material was then presented to the Coordinating Committee of the National Capital Planning Commission, for study and approval. A f t e r numerous conferences with the Coordinating Committee, with particular attention being given to the effect of the Freeway upon adjacent Park Lands, a location mutually acceptable to the Coordinating Committee, the Bureau of Public Roads, the District Department of Highways and the Consultants was presented to the National Capital Planning Commission for review and approval. Route profiles were plotted for the Freeway to insure selection of a location which could be constructed with minimum grades and to determine control clearances at grade separation structures. T h e prime function of this report is to determine upon the exact location of the Anacostia Freeway. Five major considerations govern the selection of a feasible location for a freeway of the type reported on herein. These are population factors, traffic considerations, relationship to existing and proposed highways, right-of-way problems and topographical �conditions. T h e effect of these five factors as they control the location of the Anacostia Freeway will be discussed in detail herein. W i t h the adequate distribution of traffic over the Anacostia River Bridges being a prime consideration in the location of this freeway, it became desirable to locate the facility as near as possible to the several Anacostia River Bridges, so as not to require extensive rebuilding of existing approaches to these bridges. On the northern section of the Freeway, East Capitol Street to Suitland Parkway, Anacostia Park adjoins the river. On the eastern fringe of Anacostia Park is the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Shepherds Landing branch tracks, which is most vital and important to our national defense, because of the large military installations to the south and along the Anacostia River. East of the railroad is a dense commercial and residential development. Consideration of all factors in this area lead to the recommendation of locating through Anacostia Park with a minimum of damage to its extensive athletic and recreational facilities. In determining upon the location of the Anacostia Freeway south from Suitland Parkway to the end of Overlook Avenue, three factors govern the selection. These were (1) the utilization of present South Capitol Street and Overlook Avenue; dual lane facilities, (2) the military and naval installations along the Anacostia River and (3) the relatively rough terrain and poor foundation conditions. A f t e r study and consideration of all factors, the selection of the best location for the southern section of the Freeway was narrowed down to the approximate location of South Capitol Street and Overlook Avenue. It then became necessary to correlate the functions of these two dual highway facilities with the Freeway a n d , at the same time, not sacrifice the efficiency and safety of the Freeway. From the southern terminus of Overlook Avenue to the District of Columbia Line, the center line location was purely a matter of selecting a route that would align itself with the Jones Point Bridge interchange, respecting all right-of-way considerations and the future plans for other highway facilities and public utilities in the area. �DESCRIPTION OF ROUTE T h e following is a detailed description of the recommended centerline location of the Anacostia Freeway, connecting roads, interchange ramps, service roads and the utilization of existing facilities. T h e northen terminus of the Anacostia Freeway is at the intersection of East Capitol Street and Kenilworth Avenue. T h e Freeway extends southward along the easternmost portion of the Anacostia Park, past Pennsylvania Avenue, Nichols Avenue, and Eleventh Street to the Suitland Parkway near its intersection with South Capitol Street. From this point the Freeway parallels South Capitol Street to Overlook Avenue, thence parallel to Overlook Avenue passing through property of the Home for the Aged at Blue Plains; skirting the westernmost boundary of this institution and crossing Oxon Run Bay near its outlet to the Potomac River. A t this point the route crosses the District of Columbia Line and makes connection with the approaches to the proposed Jones Point Bridge. T h e route traverses mostly, National Capital Parks and District of Columbia owned properties, although some military, institutional and private property is involved. T h e roadways of the proposed Freeway connect to the current construction at East Capitol Street and form an extension of Kenilworth Avenue. T h e Freeway then continues southward through District of Columbia and National Park lands, crossing over the Pennsylvania Railroad tracks and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad-Anacostia branch tracks, to roughly parrallel the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad-Shepherds Landing branch tracks. T h e Freeway is held close to the Railroad tracks and is so placed as to conserve as much park land as possible, and utilize the favorable foundation conditions. Approximately 1500 feet north of Pennsylvania Avenue the roadways bear into the park land and cross this major street approximately halfway between the Sousa Bridge and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad crossing. Interchange is provided for all major turning movements. T h e route then parallels and is adjacent to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tracks past the clubhouse of the Anacostia Park Golf Course and again bears into the park land near the Eleventh Street Bridge, to combine with a directional interchange. Provision is also made for approaches to a companion structure to the Eleventh Street Bridge over the Anacostia River. �From this point the roadways then bear over adjacent to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tracks through the present, but temporary, Naval Receiving Station; to cross Howard Road and Suitland Parkway between Firth Sterling Avenue and the present South Capitol Street intersection. Here the interchange of traffic is accomplished by a conventional clover leaf type design. From this point, the route lies east of and parallel to South Capitol Street as far as Overlook Avenue. Approximately 1000 feet north of Portland Street, due to unfavorable soil conditions, described in the soils chapter herein, the route is moved westwardly to avoid hillside excavation. T h i s necessitated shifting South Capitol Street westwardly into the lands occupied by the U. S. Naval A i r Station. T h e Freeway then occupies the area previously utilized by South Capitol Street at this point. T h e alignment then traverses the area east of the present Portland Street crossing of South Capitol Street and interchange connections are provided. T h e route then crosses South Capitol Street near its present intersection with Overlook Avenue. Interchange is provided at South Capitol Street. From this point southward the route parallels present Overlook Avenue with the southbound roadway of the Freeway occupying the area now used by the northbound roadway of Overlook Avenue. T h e southbound roadway of Overlook Avenue is retained as a service road to preserve the controlled access features of the Freeway. T h e roadways of the Freeway are separated by approximately 100 feet to provide for proposed, future, Fort Drive connection. Chesapeake Street is crossed east of its present intersection with Overlook Avenue. Here interchange is also provided. T h e route then parallels Overlook Avenue and a trumpet type interchange is provided opposite the main entrance to the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory. T h i s interchange in addition to serving the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory with traffic to and from the south, also serves the Home for the Aged and a proposed Park Drive. From this interchange southward the route traverses the land between the Home for the Aged and the District of Columbia Sewage Treatment Plant, so as not to interfere with any future development, and thence, to cross Oxon Run Bay by a combination causeway and bridge to the Maryland-District of Columbia Line. �����DESIGN STANDARDS 1. Roadway T h e A m e r i c a n Association of State Highway Official's " Policy on Geometric Design of Rural Highways" of 1954 has been followed throughout in the planning of the Freeway. T h e Freeway is designed as a four and six lane divided highway with full control of access. T h e lane capacity is 1250 vehicles per lane of mixed traffic and all other capacity controls are based on the " H i g h w a y Capacity M a n u a l of the Highway Research Board of 1 9 5 0 " . T y p i c a l sections of the roadway are shown on Plate I X . T h e slopes as shown may vary where appearance would be improved or local soil conditions dictate. T h e cut slopes shall be benched where cuts are over 20 feet. Also where it is desired to conserve right-of-way, retaining walls will be used. Adjacent to the Anacostia River Bridge crossings, the Freeway is designed for a 50 miles per hour standard. Here interchanges are frequent and a higher speed is not desirable. From Suitland Parkway southward a design standard of 60 miles per hour was used. T h e desirable maximum degree of horizontal curvature is 3 degrees. Horizontal curves will not exceed 4 degrees 30 minutes, but this extreme will be used only where necessary in restricted areas. T h e minimum length of curves including transitions will be 5 0 0 feet. There will be sufficient tangent to enable the full runoff of superelevation between curves. T h e maximum upgrade does not exceed 4 % with a maximum downgrade of 6 % . T h e minimum grade shall be 0 . 5 % . T h e profile grade line shall not be less than 2 feet above the highest recorded flood waters. T h i s is equivalent to an elevation of 14 feet above mean sea level. T h e highest water ever recorded was in 1889, which was 12 feet above mean sea level. �Curves that have the same profile grades for either roadway and a median width of 16 feet or 40 feet will be superelevated by revolving the pavement about the inside (median) edge of the roadway. M a x i m u m superelevation will be .06 per foot. Curves that have separate roadway profile grades or individual alignment for each roadway will be superelevated by revolving the pavement about the centerline of the roadway. II. STRUCTURES A l l highway, drainage or other structures incidental to the construction and/or use of the proposed Anacostia Freeway shall be designed in accordance with the pertinent requirements of the American Association of State Highway Officials Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges. Where structures cross city streets, park roads and railroads, the layout and design of such structures shall further conform to the requirments of the owning or governing agencies. T h e typical geometry and details of all structures are to be as shown on Plates X I and X I I and as specified herein. A l l details presented in this report are in conformity with the good practice requirements for structure clearances outlined in " A Policy on Geometric Design of Rural H i g h w a y s " , dated 1954 and adopted by the American Association of State Highway Officials. T h e typical side slopes for all earth embankments are shown on Plate I X elsewhere in this report. However, where the geometric design of any structure is dependent upon the shape of adjacent embankments such design shall in general be based upon a uniform earth side slope of 2:1 at the location of the structure. It is not the intent of this report to specify the percise type of structure to be used at a given location in this project. Each structure is an individual problem and must be considered as such in the final analysis. However, it has �5H25H52SHSEE5HSE5E5H52EW52525252525S^^ been the general policy in planning the structures for this project to specify solid abutment type bridges for all grade separation structures, where the road passing beneath the structure may be considered to be a primary road. W h e r e the lower road may be classed as secondary, or where the structure passes over a railroad, the type of structure to be used shall be dependent on the relative cost of the types involved. Wherever feasible open deck girder type structures are to be used with steel or concrete beams supporting the concrete roadway slab. T h e keynote of all architectural treatment for the structures in this project is simplicity. Each structure is expected to blend with the highway and become a harmonious part of the surrounding terrain. In general, all exposed surfaces of the retaining walls, piers, and abutments are to be stone faced, such stone work being made an integral part of the structure. W h e r e the location of any given structure falls within a relatively uncurved portion of the highway, the sidewalk railing shall be as open and unobsructing to view as strength requirements will permit. For sharply curved ramp structures and for other structures whereon greater safety is considered necessary, a solid concrete parapet approximately sixteen inches high surmounted by a metal rail will be provided adjacent to the sidewalk as shown on the typical ramp structure section on Plate X I I . III. Interchanges T h e typical section of the ramps are shown on Plate X . For single lane ramps the roadway will be 18 feet with 114 foot curb and gutter on either side. T h i s width will enable traffic to proceed past a stalled vehicle. For two lane operation of the ramps the width will be 24 feet with 1 Vi foot curb and gutter on either side. �In no case will the curvature of any ramp be such that a speed less than 20 miles per hour cannot be maintained. For large radius curves the probable operating speed will be the design factor for the ramp. T h e ramps will be designed to obtain safe travel considering the effects of deceleration and acceleration, and will be of such radii as will fit the area available. T h e maximum upgrade will be 4 % and the maximum downgrade 6 % . T h e sight distances will be as long as practical, but in all cases shall be in conformity with the design speed. The rate of superelevation following formula: for curves shall be computed by the S + F = 0.067 V 2 R Where S = F = Rate of superelevation in feet per foot T i r e friction varying from 0.20 @ 20 M P H to 0.16 @ 50 M P H . R = Radius of curve in feet. V = Design speed in mph. T h e maximum rate of superelevation shall not exceed 3/4 inch per foot. T h e minimum rate of superelevation shall not be less than 3/16 inch per foot except in transitions. In all cases when interchange ramps connect to the Freeway, acceleration and deceleration lanes will be provided in accordance with the aforementioned American Association of State Highway Officials Policy Figs. VI1-18, VI1-20. W h e r e interchange ramps connect to the existing roadways, acceleration and deceleration lanes will be provided where feasible. IV Drainage and Landscaping Surface drainage shall be accomplished by slopes and lateral ditches connected to suitable cross pipes by inlets or connections to outfall storm water sewers. Ditches will be sodded except when the velocity is sufficient to cause scour and necessitate paving. �!5a5253HSH525H5H5H5HSES2HH52S252S^^ Side slopes will be sodded or seeded with berm ditches at the top of cut slopes and benched when required. Cross drainage will be accomplished by culverts with headwalls. T h e slopes will be flattened or steepened to present a pleasing appearance to blend with the natural surroundings. Shrubbery will be planted in the median of the curbed section and in interchange areas to prevent headlight glare. Shrubbery will also be used as screening along the right-of-way. V. Lighting A study of accident statistics point out the fact that night driving is more hazardous than day driving. Lighting will not eliminate all of the hazards of night driving but increased visibility will reduce these hazards to a minimum. Every section of the Freeway cannot be treated in the same manner, but the following is reccomended as a guide. A n y long underpass structure should be clearly visible to the aproaching driver and lighted throughout, to show any vehicular obstruction. T h e wide median section, which is used in the southern section need not be lighted as there are no abrupt changes in grade or alignment. However, the interchange ramps, here as well as elsewhere, should be lighted to show location and direction. T h e narrow median section which is used in the northern section, with its numerous interchange connections, should be lighted to encourage lowbeam driving to lessen headlight glare. T h e design should adhere to the Illuminating Engineering Society publication, " A m e r i c a n Standard Practice for Street and Highway L i g h t i n g " . T h e types recommended are the mercury vapor luminaires for the main line with a study of flourescent luminaires for ramps, so as to have a contrast with said main line. T o eliminate glare, flourescent luminaires should be used in the underpasses that need lighting. T h e standards or poles should in general conform to the types used in the vicinity. ���ANACOSTIA FREEWAY TYPICAL RAMP SECTION BAKER-WIBBERLEY, INC. PLATE X �����52ESHSHK52E5H5HSHSE52S2SE525SE^^ SOILS AND FOUNDATION RECONNAISSANCE T h e purpose of this Soil and Foundation Reconnaissance is to furnish as much information regarding sub-surface conditions along the route of the proposed Anacostia Freeway as is available from previous Engineering and Geological studies, supplemented by field observations. Information was obtained from the various publications of the United States Geological Survey and the State of Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, from boring data performed for various structures adjacent to the proposed Freeway, from individual contacts with persons in the U.S. Corps of Engineers and the District of Columbia Engineering Department, and from field reconnaissance over the entire line. T h e area traversed by the Freeway, following roughly the east shoreline of the Anacostia and Potomac Rivers, lies entirely within the coastal plain province. A s a result, the soils are all of sedimentary origin and range from highly plastic clays to sand and gravel, and from the ancient sediments of the Potomac Formations to recent fill. Since in this area the surface of the bedrock lies between 400 feet and 500 feet below sea level, the presence of rock is of no consideration either in the design of structure foundations or cut slopes. For purposes of presenting the information, the Freeway will be divided into three sections according to the predominant features which exist in each. These three sections, from north to south, are as follows: SECTION 1 - East Capitol Street to Firth Sterling Avenue. S E C T I O N 2 - Firth Sterling Avenue to Naval Research Laboratory Entrance. S E C T I O N 3 - Naval Research Laboratory Entrance to Oxon Run Bay. �Section 1 - East Capitol Street to Firth Sterling Avenue Section 1 of the Freeway lies in an area of generally flat topography, where the proposed line follows the low land which lies to the east of the Anacostia River. T h e profile grade line for this section indicates that the Freeway, for the most part, lies above the existing ground line, to keep above the flood waters of the Anacostia River as well to meet clearance requirements of the various grade separation structures. T h e soils in this area range from compact sand, gravel, and clay to mud, muck, and fill consisting of city refuse. > It was found desirable to keep the line of the Freeway within the original shoreline of the river and as close to the railroad as possible with due regard for other considerations. Piles will probably be required for all structures with the possible exception in the vicinity of Suitland Parkway, where the soils may permit the use of spread footings. Section 2 - Firth Sterling Avenue to Naval Research Laboratory Entrance In Section 2 of the Freeway the topography becomes quite rough, with a major portion of the line following the side hill cuts of South Capitol Street and Overlook Avenue. T h e soils in this area consist of the granular materials, principally sand and gravel with some silt of the river terrace deposits, on top of the varicolored clay of the Potomac formations. Because of the low permeability of the clay, ground water which passes through the granular strata, flows along the top surface of the clay and seeps out along the face of the cut at the clay-sand interface. T h i s water, saturating the soil and pavement sub-base along the bottom of the cut, flows along the edge of the existing pavement of South Capitol Street to storm drains where it is carried off. In Section 2 of the proposed Freeway the most serious problem lies in the poor stability characteristics of the materials composing the hill along which the line of the Freeway runs. T h e poor stability characteristics are �caused by the presence of the ground water and the stratigraphic relationships of the materials. Elimination of the ground water problem will serve to increase the stability of the materials and enable the soils to stand on a reasonable back slope. T o determine the feasibility of this approach a thorough and comprehensive program of borings and testing will be required. Should conditions prove to be favorable, the use of horizontal drains or other devices for intercepting and lowering the water table may be used advantageously at many places. Special attention should be given to drainage of the roadway base and subgrade in this section where the subgrade is clay. T h i c k bases of free draining granular materials will be required to insure satisfactory pavement performance. Section 3 - Naval Reseach Laboratory Entrance to Oxon Run Bay In Section 3 of the Freeway the alignment passes again into the flat topography of the river flood plain. T h e profile shows that the roadway is in shallow fill for almost the entire length of the section. Field examination of the soils as well as reference to the Geologic Map indicates that sand, gravel and silt will be encountered except for the area covered by the Oxon Run Bay sanitary land fill. These materials will form a good base for the embankment as well as be suitable in many places for granular base and sub-base. In this area the ground water table will be found fairly close to the surface, probably ranging between 5 and 15 feet in depth. Just north of Oxon Run Bay the District of Columbia is operating a sanitary land fill in the low area along Oxon Run Bay and the Potomac River. Fill material consists of tin cans, sewage sludge, fly a s h , cinders and other materials of low stability and bearing value. Should borings disclose a considerable depth of unsuitable material, resort to some method of accelerated consolidation or displacement may be necessary while a shallow depth may be more economically removed and refilled. It will be desirable that the existing sanitary fill material be removed and replaced with suitable embankment material. �RIGHT-OF-WAY T h e t a x records of the District of Columbia Assessors office have been to develope the estimated right-of-way costs. Proximity damage has not been taken into account, thus the figures show tangible values only. For the purpose of this estimate an entire lot or parcel would be considered taken even if right-of-way area required only a portion. RIGHTS-OF-WAY Part 1 - East Capitol Street to Pennsylvania Avenue Privately owned $ 69,520 lands Privately owned improvements $220,510 Part 2 - Pennsylvania Avenue to Eleventh Street Privately owned lands $ 27,850 Privately owned improvements $ 31,640 Part 3 - East of Railroad at Eleventh Street Privately owned lands $514,800 Privately owned improvements $441,040 Part 4 - Eleventh Street to Suitland Parkway Privately owned lands $428,710 Privately owned improvements $733,330 Part 5 - Suitland Parkway to Oxon Run Bay Privately owned lands $ 32,220 Privately owned improvements $ 37,480 S U M M A R Y OF COSTS Privately owned lands $1,073,000 Privately owned improvements $1,464,000 TOTAL $2,537,000 �CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATE COST OF ROADWAY T h e average unit prices current in this area are used as a basis for the following cost estimate. Item Clearing and Grubbing Quantity Unit Price Total 2 1 6 acres 500.00 108,000 7 9 0 , 0 0 0 cu.yd. 1.00 790,000 1,870,000 cu.yd. 0.60 1,122,000 Pavement 3 5 6 , 2 0 0 sq.yd. 5.00 1,781,000 Selected sub-base material 3 0 5 , 0 0 0 cu.yd. 2.50 762,500 Concrete curb and gutter 7 5 , 0 0 0 lin.ft. 1.80 135,000 Bit. stabalized shoulders 7 8 , 8 0 0 sq.yd. 1.25 98,500 Guard Rail 3 2 , 0 0 0 lin.ft. 2.50 80,000 Right-of-way fence 3 2 , 0 0 0 lin.ft. 1.50 48,000 Excavation Borrow Material Landscaping, seeding, ect. 6.8 mi. 50,000.00 340,000 Drainage 6.8 mi. 100,000.00 680,000 15.00 69,000 20,000.00 78,000 Railroad relocation Lighting Maintenance of T r a f f i c Public Utilities 4 , 6 0 0 lin.ft. 3.9 mi. Lump Sum Lump Sum Total for Roadway 18,000 46,000 $6,156,000 �COST OF STRUCTURES Cost Structure & Location No. 1 Bridge - Ramp " B " over East Capitol St. 2 Bridge - Over Pennsylvania R.R. yard 3 Bridge - Over Pennsylvania Avenue 4 Pedestrian Overpass at Station 5 Bridge - Over Ramp 7, 11th St. Interchange 184,500 6 Bridge - W . B. 11th St. over Freeway 178,500 7 Bridge - E. B. 1 1th St. over Freeway 194,000 8 Bridge - Ramp 10 over Nichols A v e . , 11th St. 9 Bridge - Ramp 10 over B & 0 R.R., 11th St. 172,900 10 Bridge - Over Howard Rd. 379,600 11 Bridge - Over Suitland Parkway 597,600 12 Bridge - W . B . Suitland Pkwy under Park Rd. conn. 110,100 13 Bridge - E.B. Suitland Pkwy under S. Capitol St. 14 Bridge - Over Firth Sterling Ave. 15 Bridge -Over B & 0 R.R. (Station 188 16 Bridge - Over Portland St. 281,200 17 Bridge - S. Capitol St. over Ramp 2 2 147,600 18 Bridge - Over S. Capitol St. 484,300 19 Bridge - Over Chesapeake St. 177,900 20 Bridge - Over Nav. Res. Lab. entrance road 188,500 21 Bridge - Over Oxon Run Bay 516,600 $ 291,100 2,433,400 550,200 113± 70,200 70,000 85,000 342,700 ±) 952,900 Misc. Retaining W a l l s adjacent to Structures 1 and 5; at Stations 180 ± and 200 ± ; and at S. Capitol St. Interchange. 523,200 T O T A L FOR S T R U C T U R E S $ 8,942,000 �!5HSEKS3ffi2S2W5S52S25E5HSE5H555a52525H^ C O N S T R U C T I O N COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY Roadway Structures $ 6,156,000 8,942,000 15,098,000 15% Engineering and Contingencies Total Construction cost Right-of-way T O T A L PROJECT COST 2,265,000 $17,363,000 2,537,000 $19,900,000 �SUMMARY During the past decade the Washington Metropolitan A r e a has expanded to such an extent, in both area and population, that the present highway facilities can no longer accommodate the resulting increases in traffic volumes. T h i s fact, coupled with the ever increasing through traffic volumes, has resulted in critical traffic problems. One of the most rapidly expanding areas within the Washington Metropolitan A r e a is the Anacostia A r e a and neighboring Prince Georges County, Maryland. T h e population of these areas has increased nearly 300% since 1940. There are also numerous military installations and governmental offices located within the a r e a , thus adding considerably to the daily traffic volumes crossing the Anacostia River. T h e Anacostia River is crossed at the present time by five bridges, namely, the Benning Road Bridge, East Capitol Street Bridge, Sousa Bridge, Anacostia Bridge and South Capitol Street Bridge. From the East Capitol Street Bridge south to the South Capitol Street Bridge, there is no highway facility to effectively distribute the heavy traffic volumes over the Anacostia River Bridges, destined to and from central Washington, resulting in poor utilization of the existing bridge facilities. Expansion of present traffic volumes further indicate that by 1959 a companion bridge to the Anacostia Bridge will be necessary in order to adequately accommodate the traffic volumes at that time. T h e prompt consideration of this companion structure cannot be over emphasized. It must also be pointed out that the Anacostia Freeway will effectively serve that traffic desiring to by-pass central Washington, upon the completion of the Potomac River Crossing at Jones Point. Plans for the Jones Point Bridge are already in progress and the southern portion, at least, of the Anacostia Freeway should be constructed concurrently with that structure. The location of the Anacostia Freeway presented in this report is considered entirely feasible from a topographic, traffic and economic standpoint. T h e design as presented herein is a modern controlled access �freeway, containing four and six lanes as traffic dictates. It is recommended that the location, design criteria and geometries be approved by the Commissioners of the District of Columbia in order that the preparation of contract plans may be started immeadiately and that actual construction be started at the earliest possible date. T h e Anacostia Freeway as presented in this report has an overall centerline length of 8.2 miles. T h i s centerline length is comprised of 1.4 miles of bridges and 6.8 miles of roadway; 6.6 miles of ramp roadways are required to insure adequate connection to the facility. T h e estimated total construction cost of $ 1 7 , 3 6 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 , is based upon actual 1955 construction costs within the general area of the project. It must be noted that due to the nature of the project, the type terrain traversed and the many bridges and grade separations necessary for the proper functioning of the facility, construction cost will of necessity be high. However, economic justification of the project is in the fact that the facility is urgently needed in order that the present and planned highway facilities, in the a r e a , may function properly and to their best advantage. T h e location of the Anacostia Freeway as delineated herein traverses, for the most part, publicly owned property. T h e majority of the privately owned property encountered is in the vicinity of Suitland Parkway. T h e estimated cost for the acquisition of property for right-of-way purposes is $ 2 , 5 3 7 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 , or approximately 13% of the total construction cost of the project. A t the present time, the right-of-way cost on this project is not a serious consideration, however, should the right-of-way as delineated herein not be protected by early transfer or purchase, serious problems could arise. It is therefore, recommended that the Commissioners of the District of Columbia take the necessary steps to protect all required rights-of-way in connection with the Anacostia Freeway as soon as possible. ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Report on Anacostia freeway : engineering studies and estimates Subject The topic of the resource Neighborhoods Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Roadside improvement--Maintenance and repair Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Baker-Wibberley, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 1955 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Description An account of the resource Please note: This report includes irregularly-sized pages. If the report is not visible, try scrolling to the right or left or using the zoom in (+) or zoom out (-) functions in the PDF viewer window. https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/f0165d786c1eed06786fce2461eb8733.pdf?Expires=1773878400&Signature=IW%7Eo2PaJ7OFnKx6T4dps00IQ-AK2NTcUFZRjZSRR%7ENAjgg2zVejj2Yc5pVaS9P2NQmHzIwUeTbFbv6MYPr7zKuQBbJgd2sjUXs0enzGu74qmUxNrIZxOirXhNujbIvlbKzV3K4fECgbVGR77N99giw443bjHwY8Glg7a4N71qzNp8NuBp3JDps%7ELEsr6ikWeJuCUEDssLisfKnq1lBhbzif24W0lvhw6nADRApMJp3kBueYuCh8W3zAf1pTW7TSwvTSD-demyNVpGAeBiCTFi6dPuv65uN%7EmccSoR3uP%7EzPPFQY6a0G-wLzOG7FZrPY2dIra4YSg6smPbOBBv3c2EQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 005efdb362c24b0ec75189628e6ebfe3 PDF Text Text BOLLING ANACOSTIA MASTER PLAN Washington, D.C. ��BOLLING ANACOSTIA MASTER PLAN Washington, D.C. KEYES, LETHBRIDGE & CONDON, ARCHITECTS AND PLANNERS SASAKI, DAWSON, DEMAY ASSOCIATES, INC., LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS JUNE 1972 ����CONTENTS ILLUSTRATIONS INTRODUCTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS PLANNING CONCEPTS History and Existing Conditions Base Loading Land Use Circulation, Parking and Transportation Grading Concepts Flood Protection Soils and Foundations Utility Distribution Concepts Landscape Concept Facility Requirements Staging and F Y - 72 Items Housing Schools Open Space, Parks and Recreation Architectural Character Environmental Impact 9 21 21 24 33 33 35 40 51 51 52 59 59 60 69 73 LANDSCAPE D E V E L O P M E N T Existing Landscape Character Landscape Concepts Technical Information 79 79 102 SUPPORTING DATA Building Index Appendix I Appendix I I Appendix I I I Bibliography Credits 112 116 136 156 162 167 ��ILLUSTRATIONS A e r i a l View - T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area Plan View of Site INTRODUCTION & RECOMMENDATIONS A e r i a l View of North Community and Industrial/ Technical Area 6 PLANNING CONCEPTS: Community Context Circulation Plan Open Space and Military Reservations Site Analysis Water's Edge Existing and Proposed Conditions Existing and Proposed Major Utilities Soil Analysis Settlement Profiles Component Site Areas Diagram Land Use Diagram Circulation Diagram Illustrative Site Plan Settlement v. F i l l Height Diagram Site Grading Concepts Site Utilities Concepts Staging Chart North Housing Area Alternate Plan Axonometric - Industrial/Technical Area Base Development Plan Typical Housing Cluster Lineal Park Sections Pedestrian Way Sections View and Vista Analysis Open Space Diagram Landscape Concept - Housing View of Shopping Area View of Overpass at Shopping Area View of Industrial/Technical Area A e r i a l View of Site 12 13 14 15 15 17 17 19 19 23 27 29 31 36 47 49 52 54 55 57 61 63 64 65 65 67 68 71 72 76 �LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT Landscape Treatment - Spine Road Road Section at Duncan Avenue Road Section in Housing Area Service Road - T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area Landscape Edges at Parking Areas Lineal Park Concept Family Recreation Center Overlook at Lineal Park Typical Pedestrian Way Berm Planting - Pedestrian Way External Service Road - Mall Area Landscape Treatment - Major Mall Axis View of T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area Landscape Treatment - Music Building Area Landscape Concept Plan 82 83 84 85 88 90 91 92 94 95 97 99 98 99 107 SUPPORTING DATA Axonopnetric - T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area and Community Center 111 Building Index Plan 103 Future External T r i p s Table 138 Peak Hour Volume Distribution Table 139 Alternate Employee T r i p Distribution Diagram 140 Existing Peak Hour - Traffic Diagram 141 Generated Volumes on External Road System Diagram 143 Critical Movement Tabulation 144-153 Site Preparation and Demolition Schedule 156-159 �Section One INTRODUCTION & RECOMMENDATIONS ��INTRODUCTION The Bolling/Anacostia Tract of approximately 1,000 acres has been subjected to much fragmentary planning since it was first used as an airfield in 1917. There have been master plans prepared for Boiling A i r Force Base, for the Naval A i r Station and for the neighboring Naval Research Laboratory. At one time, the Department of Defense indicated that it did not need the entire tract, and the National Capital Planning Commission proposed use of a portion for urban renewal. Plans were prepared for this use as well. In mid 1971, however, a regional Master Plan for Navy Department facilities documented the need and desire for retention of the entire Bolling/Anacostia tract by the Department of Defense. A few months later, the overall Department of Defense Facilities Master Plan for the National Capital Region confirmed the need for retention of the entire tract, and incorporated the Navy Department proposals for its utilization. This regional plan (DOD/NCR Plan) was approved by the Secretary of Defense on 18 June 1971. In his letter of transmittal to the President, the Secretary pointed out the need for continued retention of the entire Bolling/Anacostia tract to satisfy the regional facilities deficiencies of his Department. The Plan designated this location as a Special Federal Employment Center to include administrative, medical, research, light industrial, housing and personnel support functions. On 6 January 1972, the National Capital Planning Commission approved the DOD/NCR Plan in general, but deferred recommendation of the Bolling/Anacostia Tract until it could review a detailed Master Plan. Presented here is a Master Plan for joint military use of the entire Bolling/Anacostia Tract. The Chesapeake Division of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command served as contracting agency. Planners for the project were Keyes, Lethbridge and Condon, Architects, in association with Sasaki, Dawson, DeMay Associates, Inc. Additional consultants have included Alan M. Voorhees & Associates, Inc. , for traffic and transportation, David Volkert & Associates for civil engineering and utilities, Gladstone Associates, economic consultants, and George Schermer, community affairs consultants. Throughout the planning process, close contact has been maintained with Headquarters Command, USAF, at Boiling A i r Force Base. Partner-in-charge has been Francis D. Lethbridge, FAIA; project manager for the planning team was Colden Florance, AIA, of K L C . Project manager for the CHESDIVNAVFAC was Robert Ramer and W. E . Fischer represented HQ Command, USAF. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS The following points constitute the major recommendations contained within this r e port. These points are discussed at length in the body of the report but are extracted �here in the interest of convenience, clarity and emphasis: 1. The entire Bolling/Anacostia Tract should be planned as a single jointly-used, multi-purpose military facility. 2. Basic support and administrative needs should be given first priority. 3. Military family housing should be given second priority and provided to meet the area wide housing deficit only after satisfaction of a l l basic working requirements. 4. Relationships with the community in terms of employment opportunity, traffic impact and school considerations should be carefully studied. Close cooperation with District officials must be maintained on a continuous basis. 5. The water's edge should be developed as a park and recreational facility serving as a recreation resource for its entire length. 6. The present flood control levee should remain intact but no new building construction should be undertaken at an elevation lower than 16. 5' (Boiling A i r Force Datum). No major road construction should occur below elevation 14. 5'. 7. An earth fill program should be instituted as soon as possible to meet the planned grade requirements. The effect of earth settlement should be clearly recognized. Design elevations should strive for the minimum f i l l necessary to provide acceptable surface run-off. The most economical balance must be struck between amount of fill and extent of underground drainage piping. 8. Access to the site should occur at three major points. These are Firth Sterling Street, Portland Street and the combination of Chesapeake Street and the Naval Research Laboratory interchange with 1-295. 9. The south Capitol Street Corridor and the 1-295 freeway system should be upgraded to handle ultimate vehicle demands. Interchange design should encourage the use of the Firth Sterling and N R L access points while reducing the use of the Portland Street entry. 10. Defense Office Building access should be confined to a separate ramp system. 11. Basic traffic circulation should be organized around a four-lane spine road running north-south from F i r t h Sterling Street to the interchange at the Naval Research Laboratory. This spine road should play a key role in defining major land use organization. 4 �12. Excessive land area should not be devoted to parking. Instead, structured parking should be provided on a staged basis as growth develops. This parking should relate well to the spine road, basic land use areas and byvirtue of proper landscape treatment, should act as a buffer between areas of different use. 13. A clear pedestrian and bicycle circulation system should be developed which minimizes street crossings and affords access to a l l major site areas including the two elementary schools. 14. Major city and regional truck sewers run through the tract and new ones are proposed. Easements for these lines should be located in conformance with the plan in order to encourage plan development. 15. Wherever possible, existing storm drain lines should be utilized. The condition of these lines should be determined through field investigation. 16. Landscape design concepts should reinforce the basic Master Plan and should be responsive to the basic ecology of the site with its lengthy river frontage. Within economic restraints, environmental considerations should dominate. 17. The proposed Master Plan is based on presently conceived base facility requirements which are satisfied in the various land use areas of the plan. Flexibility should be provided as needs change with new developments. Within the principal areas of the plan, such flexibility should be retained. 18. No provision has been made for the long term retention of the executive helicopter squadron. It is anticipated that this facility will operate from another location in the future. 19. Two elementary schools and one secondary school are proposed. The elementary schools should serve immediate residential neighborhoods and be the nuclei of neighborhood centers. The secondary school should serve as an interface between the base and the community at large, serving both. 20. Joint military construction programming for Bolling/Anacostia should make use of the existing structures by the water's edge at the old Naval A i r Station as a relocation resource. Activities should be moved here from structures to be demolished to be demolished until construction of replacement facilities. These existing buildings should be the last to be removed. 21. The DOD should actively seek a Metro connection to Bolling/Anacostia. 5 �AERIAL VIEW OF NORTH COMMUNITY AND INDUSTRIAL/TECHNICAL AREA �Section Two PLANNING CONCEPTS History & Existing Conditions Base Loading Land Use Circulation, Parking & Transportation Grading Concepts Flood Protection Soils & Foundations Utility Distribution Concepts Landscape Concepts Facility Requirements Staging Housing Schools Open Space, Parks & Recreation Architectural Character Environmental Impact 9 21 21 24 33 33 35 40 51 51 52 59 59 60 69 73 ��HISTORY & EXISTING CONDITIONS The Bolling/Anacostia site is located in southeastern Washington at the confluence of the Potomac and Anacostia Rivers. It has approximately three miles of shoreline and is contiguous with the South Capitol Street / 1-295 Corridor along its eastern boundary. It is bordered on the south by the Naval Research Laboratory and the Bellevue Naval Defense Housing Project. Further to the south is the Blue Plains Sewerage Treatment Plant, which accounts for the presence of a number of major trunk sewers on the site. The surrounding area is a less prosperous part of the city with a disproportionate share of social and urban i l l s . There are an excessive number of small apartment dwellings, public housing units and abandoned housing. Considerable area is devoted to public institutions such as St. Elizabeth's Hospital, but employment opportunities in Anacostia are generally inadequate as are commercial and service facilities. The Bolling/Anacostia site is a low-lying area much of which is filled ground. It is flat and difficult to drain. The soil is of generally poor structural quality requiring special foundation design for a l l but the lightest building loads. The site is cut off from the rest of the Anacostia community by the South Capitol Street Corridor and by a rugged grade change climbing to elevations of 100 feet above the Base. Penetration into the Anacostia community occurs on the north at Firth Sterling Street, in the middle at Portland Street and on the south at Chesapeake Street. Across the Potomac River to the west is National Airport. An approach zone crosses Bolling/Anacostia from the southeastern end. Consequently, the site is subjected to substantial periodic aircraft noise. The principal current use is the Boiling A i r Force Base to the south. A i r Force administrative functions, troop housing and messing, family housing, commissary exchange - dispensary facilities, service clubs and recreational facilities comprise the base function. There is also a considerable amount of senior officer housing located on higher ground by South Capitol Street. There are a number of good buildings organized in general accordance with the Kling Master Plan prepared in 1965. Chief among these are family housing, a dormitory, a mess hall, a dispensary, a bowling alley, an airmen's club and a utility structure. To the north, is the old Anacostia Naval A i r Station where H M X - 1 , the President's helicopter squadron, is located. Various other naval activities including the Naval Photographic Center, limited officer housing and messing facilities, etc. , are also located on the north portion of the site. Building groups are either at the water's edge by the mouth of the Anacostia or are close against South Capitol Street. The center of the site is occupied by old runways. Buildings here are in poor condition �with the exception of the Naval Photographic Center. Only the present HMX hangar, a large barracks building, a warehouse and a BOQ have useful life remaining. Between these two areas, there is planned a large Department of Defense office structure, housing 10, 000 employees in three curved structures occupying over 100 acres. The former runways remain but no fixed winged aircraft operation takes place. A fill stockpiling program has been underway since 1967. These stockpiles are located toward the center of the site and are intended for use in construction of the DOB. The Naval Research Laboratory to the south is a Naval Command devoted to scientific investigation much of which is classified. Accordingly, the Laboratory stands somewhat distinct from the rest of the site. Historical highlights of the Bolling/Anacostia Tract are: 1608 Nacotchtanke Indians visited by Captain John Smith. 1633 Granted to Thomas Dent as part of the Gisborough Tract by the second Lord Baltimore. 1863 Leased to the U. S. Army as a cavalry depot for 30, 000 horses by George Washington Young. 1866 Returned to Young - - became a r i v e r resort known as Gisborough Park, City View, Capitol View and Buena Vista. 1917 Chosen as a temporary site for the A i r Service of the Army Signal Corps. 1918 Landing field officially designated. Named in honor of Colonel Raynal Cawthorn Boiling who was the first high ranking American killed in World War I . NAS Anacostia also established. 1930 500 additional acres acquired for A i r Corps use to the south where the present Boiling Base is located. 193 5 The original Boiling Base to the north turned over to the Navy. 1958 By Presidential request, the DOD was to report on future military requirements at Bolling/Anacostia. 1960 The A i r Force proposed retention of 170 acres. The Navy proposed retention of 180 acres. The National Capital Planning Commission proposed use of 580 acres for urban renewal. 10 �1961 Senate Arms Service Committee proposed joint military use for land retained. 1962 A i r Force proposed joint use plan for 620 acres. 1963 A i r Force revised plan - - proposed 325 acres at Bolling/Anacostia plus 10 acres for the Naval Photographic Center with a 6, 000 man headquarters facility later superseded by the 10, 000 man DOB requiring 70 acres. In addition, another 93 acres earmarked for helicopter use. Also the National Capital Planning Commission proposed tentative urban renewal boundaries. 1964 Fine Arts Commission rejected a proposed dormitory design and questioned basic planning concepts at Bolling/Anacostia. 1965 NCPC approved a comprehensive development plan with 303 acres at Boiling and 10 for the Naval Photographic Center. The Rivers rider to an act of Congress directed that no land at Bolling/Anacostia be disposed of before January 1975. 1971 Comprehensive Master Plan initiated for Bolling/Anacostia. 1972 NCPC approved DOD National Capital Regional Plan which recommended retention of Bolling/Anacostia. The Planning Commission deferred approval of this recommendation until a master plan for Bolling/Anacostia could be reviewed. 11 �������BASE LOADING The DOD/NCR Plan allocated the total DOD population in the region to 23 long range locations. These allocations were based on maximum growth potential at these various locations. A working population of approximately 22,000 is considered the maximum growth potential at Bolling/Anacostia, including the Naval Research Laboratory. In addition, it has been assumed that the majority of the A i r Force and Navy personnel working in the central metropolitan area will be supported by Bolling/Anacostia. The assumed breakout of this total working and supported population is 57% Civilian and 43% Military. Of the Military population, 47% are Officers, and 53% Enlisted men. Support of individual projects is to be developed by the supporting agency in the normal programming process. Headquarters Command, USAF is the host command supporting over 800 world-wide operating locations, including those engaged in support of Unified and Joint Commands and inter-governmental agencies. The command also provides a i r and ground transportation for the A i r Force and DOD, the Executive Department and foreign dignitaries. LAND USE The Master Plan proposed nine basic uses for the tract, not including the Naval Research Laboratory. They are: Administrative Centers Personnel Support Facilities Industrial/Technical Complex Community Center Neighborhood Centers Intermediate School Site Family Housing Park and Recreational Areas Defense Office Building Site The disposition of these elements is shown on the LAND USE DIAGRAM. Approximate acreages and percentages for each are indicated on the COMPONENT S I T E AREAS Diagram. In general, land use areas are organized around the project spine road, as dictated by the location of existing facilities and the proposed DOB facility. Park and recreational facilities take advantage of the long r i v e r ' s edge. With the exception of existing senior officer housing and 300 units of existing housing already constructed, family housing is 21 �located between the long park strip and the spine road. Within each of the two major family housing areas is located a neighborhood center, the nucleus for which is an elementary school. Two major administrative centers occur. One is the DOB, the other is a complex located south of Portland Street which forms the north terminus of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area Mall. Basic personnel support facilities are at the south end of the Mall. These two parts are roughly separated by an east-west pedestrian landscaped axis. To the west along this axis is the community center which includes a commissary, base exchange and associated facilities. At the eastern end of this axis are the BOQ and the officers' open mess. The Industrial/Technical Complex is organized north of the DOB between the spine road and South Capitol Street. Anchoring this area on the south is the proposed PEPCO substation; to the north is the Naval Photographic Center. As the spine road enters from Firth Sterling Street, it separates the Industrial/Technical area from the intermediate school site and it is at this point that the r i v e r ' s edge park originates. 22 �COMPONENT SITE AREAS T R I - S E R V I C E CANTONEMENT AREA 142. 47 A. RECREATION JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 119.19 24.00 INDUSTRIA L / T E C H N I C A L COMPLEX 74. 21 T O T A L N E T AREA COMMUNITY C E N T E R 33.35 NEIGHBORHOOD C E N T E R S 12.37 ROADS (PORTLAND S T R E E T AND MAIN SPINE ROAD) 14. 49 DEFENSE OFFICE BUILDING 114.38 T O T A L GROSS AREA 915.78 HOUSING 381.32 786.91 A. 23 �CIRCULATION, PARKING, & TRANSPORTATION Basic vehicular circulation is organized around a four-lane spine road which has three major points of access from the South Capitol Street Corridor. These are: Firth Sterling Street to the north, the Naval Research Laboratory/I-295 Interchange in combination with Chesapeake Street to the south and Portland Street at the center. Access to the Defense Office Building is to be from a separate ramp system connecting directly to the Corridor. Since the present Defense Office Building ring-route concept calls for clockwise movement only, the spine road is intended to merge with this ring road system to the west and north of the building complex. Portland Street, extended to a T-intersection with the north-south spine road, forms the major lateral feeder. Serving the housing areas are loop roads from the spine; local collectors serve the cul-de-sacs from these loops. Duncan Avenue acts as a secondary connector between Portland Street and the spine road to the south. The spine road extends to the present entrance of the Naval Research Laboratory and replaces Overlook Avenue. The existing southbound ramp from South Capitol Street and 1-295 is terminated at the spine road to form a new T-intersection while Magazine Road is made a major second entrance to the Laboratory. An internal road loops through the center of the Industrial/Technical area to divert all service traffic from the spine road and to concentrate a l l activity on the interior, screened from the housing area to the west and the South Capitol Street Corridor to the east. The basic design intent of this spine road and its three principal points of access is to distribute peak ingress and egress traffic to the South Capitol Street Corridor more uniformly along the length of the Base. This is illustrated on the CIRCULATION DIAGRAM. Logical assignments of traffic from parking areas to the external road system result in peak hour percentages for these three access points of 31% at Firth Sterling Street, 30% at Portland Street and 39% at the Naval Research Laboratory/ Chesapeake Street combination. This distribution includes N R L traffic. These percentages do not include Defense Office Building traffic which is to be handled by its own ramp system. Improvements to the basic freeway system will be required to satisfy the ultimate traffic demand of the Base and these improvements will have to include upgrading of the three major interchange systems to accommodate the anticipated access distributions. To this end, close and complete coordination will be required between the Department of Defense and the District Highway Department. In addition, on-base management of parking, staggered hours, signals, controlled turns, etc. , should be directed toward furthering this even distribution. Refer to Appendix I I for supporting quantitative data. The Plan contemplates a well-designed system for pedestrian and bicycle circulation free from traffic crossings. This system runs primarily north-south through the two 24 �major housing areas linking the two neighborhood centers and the elementary schools, the community center and the intermediate school. The system interlocks with a pedestrian cross axis to the Mall Area as well as to the r i v e r ' s edge park which acts as a supplementary pedestrian system. Proposed are seven underpasses and one overpass. As the land occupied by Boiling A i r Force Base is extremely valuable and is strategically located within a major urban center, it is poor policy to devote excessive area to surface parking. This is true from both a practical and an aesthetic point of view. Accordingly, the Master Plan proposes stages parking structures served from the spine road as well as from Duncan Avenue. In the initial phases of development, these parking facilities will be open lots, depressed, and partially concealed by landscaped earth berms. As the need for parking increases, these lots will be decked with simple open structures -probably of inexpensive pre-cast concrete construction. In this manner, parking capacity can be ultimately doubled thus conserving needed land area. A variation of this concept will occur at the Industrial/Technical Area. Here the lower level of these parking structures will be devoted to shop, maintenance and storage space and roofs will be used for parking. It is proposed that the design and landscaping of these structures be similar to that of the decked over parking serving the mall complex. Such visual recall w i l l afford continuity and coherence and these structures will serve as buffers between the community center parking and the mall as well as between housing and the Industrial/Technical Area. It would be well to consider this same approach for commissary and base exchange parking also, but present policies do not permit this solution. There is provision in the DOB plan for 3, 000 structured parking spaces and the design of the A i r Force Administration facility should include structured parking. Other minor surface parking areas occur throughout the Plan where needed. Parking within the housing clusters is planned as a combination of gang carports and surface parking. In general, one covered parking space/unit will serve the residents while one open parking space/2 units will be for guests, service vehicles and the like. Carport structures will serve the additional function of space definition and screening. Mass transit to the Base is to be encouraged. D. C. Transit presently operates bus lines to and from the Base and these lines should be expanded and improved as the Base grows. In addition, the Base should provide its own internal shuttle service as demand increases. When Metro is extended to Anacostia at the Good Hope Road Station, a shuttle service should be instituted to Boiling. Beyond this provision, serious study should be given to the actual r a i l extension of Metro to the site. The beneficial impact of such a connection on the heavily loaded South Capitol Street corridor can not be overemphasized. At the present time, there exists a B & O track and right-of-way running the length of the base and terminating at the Blue Plains Sewerage Treatment Plant. Its sole 25 �function is to provide chlorine for the Plant. As this trackage and use is awkward and undesirable for the base in the long run, the Plan indicates its ultimate removal. It is recognized, however, that the track must remain until an alternate solution to the chlorine supply problem can be found. Retention of this line could be desirable, however, if it could be used as a Metro spur. Access to the Base by boat will be provided at the existing marina as well as at a proposed landing to be built in conjunction with the DOB. Plans for the DOB also include a helicopter landing pad. Proposals in past years for a r i v e r crossing located approximately at the boundary of the NRL and Boiling A i r Force Base have no official status at this time. Accordingly, no provision for such a crossing has been shown. The land use indicated at this point, however, is housing which could be relatively well relocated in the event such a river crossing were to become a reality. 26 ����GRADING CONCEPTS The following were major objectives in developing site grading concepts : 1. 2. 3. 4. Adequate site drainage Minimum f i l l Flood Protection (based on 100 year flood) Reinforcement of the pedestrian system The GRADING CONCEPT Drawing indicates the land forms affording site drainage after f i l l is in place. These land forms become partially prepared sites for construction to follow. Final grading will be accomplished as construction of housing and building proceeds. F i l l must be engineered so that it can receive housing loads without special foundation design. ( For problems of settlements, see section entitled, SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS. ) The basic site grading provides for drainage at a minimum slope of two percent in the North Housing Area where the greatest amount of settlement will take place, and one and one-half percent in the South Housing Area, north of the Operational Marina. Finished floor elevations have been established at a minimum of 16. 5 with a minimum of 14. 5 for road elevations. (See section entitled, FLOOD PROTECTION. ) Main drainage swales and land forms are designed to reinforce the pedestrian system. Runoff is collected by catch basins located at low points in the drainage swales and underpasses. Drainage of spinal and secondary roads is achieved by a system of high and low points spaced 300 feet apart with one and one-half percent slopes. The spine road has concrete curbs and runoff is collected by grate inlets at low points. Secondary roads are drained by drainage ditches with catch basins provided at low points. On these roads gradients can be reduced to one-half percent. In the final detailed grading design for site f i l l , it will be necessary to weigh amount of f i l l against extent of underground pipe drainage in order to determine the most economical balance. FLOOD PROTECTION Boiling A i r Force Base and the U. S. Naval A i r Station are protected from flooding by an earth levee and a concrete flood wall. The levee and the wall are constructed to an elevation of 18. 59 (Boiling A i r Force Datum). Included as part of the system are four pumping stations and flood gates on sewer outfalls and storm drains. 33 �The existing levee was part of a Washington, D. C. flood control project recommended in House Document No. 107 , 73rd Congress, 1st Session, and adopted by the Flood Control Act of 22 June 1936. The principal portions of the work were completed in 1939, but due to settlement in the sections at the concrete floodwall, the levee was brought to final completion in low lift stages over a period of four years. Since the completion of the original project in 1944, the following alterations have been made: 1. Steel sluice gates have been installed on the outlet pipes of the pumping stations. 2. A 10 - foot opening with a stop log enclosure has been constructed in the flood wall to provide access to a seaplane pier. 3. A concrete driveway and an unloading area have been constructed against the levee. 4. An addition to Building No. 86 and a small parking area at Building No. 94 extend slightly into the toe of the levee. 5. Low concrete retaining walls have been added to protect the stability of the levee in a l l areas of encroachment. 6. Changes in the sanitary sewer system have been made to allow pumping stations No. 2 and 3 to handle storm drainage only. 7. The U. S. Navy has constructed a steel sheet pile flood barrier riverward of the U. S. Naval Station Annex to provide access over the levee at three points. The use of f i l l to raise the ground level to a higher elevation than the projected flood elevation is recommended as the primary means of flood protection in the Master Plan. However, the present flood control levee and dam system should remain but no new building construction should be undertaken at an elevation lower than 16. 5 and with the exception of minor roads, no road grade should occur below 14. 5. These figures are based on previous work by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; the Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth and Johnston Report of 1966, and consultation with the Navy. 34 �SOILS & FOUNDATIONS Soil and foundation conditions at the site are variable and range from hard preconsolidated clay to soft recent alluvium. Much f i l l has been placed historically to extend the shoreline and recently additional f i l l has been placed in advance of construction. Detailed descriptions of the geology and soil are available in the several reports cited in the references and the bibliography. It is planned that considerable fill be placed over certain portions of the Boiling/ Anacostia Area. It is the purpose in the following paragraphs to analyze and evaluate in a preliminary manner the effects of this f i l l upon the underlying soil. A drawing entitled, S I T E GRADING CONCEPTS shows contours which represent suggested elevations and a number of "spot" elevations along the planned internal roadway system. In a report on Site Development for Foundations Anacostia-Boiling Survey Area , prepared by Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth and Johnston, a study of settlement and stability is presented. In the Anacostia River, there are thick strata of compressible soil which w i l l consolidate under load. This is discussed in Chapter 4 of the Mueser Report. Contours of the bottom of the compressible strata are in Drawing 4 (Mueser) and have been transcribed to the SOIL ANALYSIS Drawing. Lesser depths of compressible material overlie portions of the remaining project and these will consolidate to a lesser extent subsequent to f i l l placement. The alignment which was selected to demonstrate the results of settlement from superimposed f i l l is shown in plan of the SOIL ANALYSIS Drawing as A - A ' . The profile of alignment is plotted on S E T T L E M E N T PROFILES Drawing, together with the existing surface elevation trace. The intercepts of the several contour lines representing the elevations of bottom of compressible strata have been transcribed to the profile to provide a visual impression. Long-term settlements computed from consolidation test data had been calculated by Mueser for his study and he had developed a chart relating height to f i l l to settlement. The Mueser chart (Plate 7) is reproduced as Drawing S E T T L E M E N T VS. F I L L HEIGHT, ANACOSTIA A R E A . By use of this chart estimates of settlements along the profile have been made. The final (after settlement) grades are shown and identified on S E T T L E M E N T P R O F I L E S Drawing. 35 �It is obvious that in order to attain the final plan grades (or somewhere near them) after settlement, it will be necessary to place f i l l to elevations above those grades shown on S I T E GRADING CONCEPTS Drawing. This will act as a "surcharge" and will cause a greater settlement than a lower height of f i l l . An example of determining how much surcharge fill would be required at a particular location is given below: Assume Original surface elevation Final grade desired Height of f i l l Depth of compressible strata 36 = = = = +6' +26' 20' 30' �Solution 1. From Figure (Mueser Plate 7) determine Settlement 2. T r y 5' Surcharge ( F i l l height for trial 3. From Figure (Mueser Plate 7) determine a. Settlement b. 25 - 4. 1 which equals elev. 26. 9', 0. 9' too high 4. 5. T r y 4' Surcharge a. Settlement b. 24 - 3. 95 which is elev. + 26' desired design elev. 3.35' = 25') = 4. 1' 20. 9' - 3. 95' 20. 05* Therefore at this point construct fill to elevation 30' to attain an elevation of 26 feet after settlement. Plotted on S E T T L E M E N T PROFILES are the estimated heights of surcharge required to attain design grades at the several locations along Section A - A ' . The profile taken in the Anacostia portion approximates the greatest settlement potential and provides a linear picture of what may be expected. As this is an areal project, the added surcharge f i l l would be placed as a blanket over the entire area. Depths of f i l l were taken from S I T E GRADING CONCEPTS Drawing and used with depths of compressible material taken from SOIL ANALYSIS Drawing to estimate the depth of surcharge. Consolidation of the compressible strata will take time. Table 4 of the Mueser Report shows the situation which would obtain to provide a final elevation of +16 for three depths of organic silty clay. These times would decrease for higher f i l l and increase for lower f i l l . Each of these different conditions would have to be calaculated from consolidation test data taken from the nearest boring or an assumed value from average values. Acceleration of consolidation may be accomplished by means of sand drains which are discussed in the Mueser Report. This type of assistance is more applicable to the deeper areas of soft material. At best, the calculated magnitudes of settlements and the times required for them to occur are estimates and may vary considerably from the times observed during construction. 37 �Stability of fill placed on soft foundations is an important consideration and was studied by Mueser who established a 10-foot initial height which was stepped up to 20 feet after providing a 70' long berm. A l l areas included on S I T E GRADING CONCEPTS Drawing appear to meet of exceed this requirement except between the coordinate points E1000S1500 and E2000-S500 in Boiling Field grid. This shoreline and roadway grade will require stability analysis. In areas where existing utilities are situated beneath the new embankment, consideration must be given to the effects of the embankment applied load and also settlement. a. To evaluate the effect of added load over the pipe, the type of pipe and its foundation conditions must be known. Determination of this information should be the subject of a special study. However, it is our opinion that an added 10 to 15 feet of fill placed over the present pipe installations which are not pile supported would not damage the pipe. b. Settlement can be estimated for utilities as it was previously in the Anacostia area above. An example of settlement over an existing storm drain follows. For this example no surcharge has been added, but initial f i l l would have to be placed to an elevation greater than 27 feet to attain the desired design elevation: Existing elevation Planned elevation Fill Bottom elevation of soft layer (assume 10' of soft material) Settlement If soft layer is 20' deep then settlement = = = = = = 17' 27' 10' -10' 0.4' 0. 9' In our judgement, existing storm sewer pipes, whether concrete or corrugated steel, could sustain total settlements of about 1. 5 feet with about 1/2 of the total as differential over a distance of about 100 feet without undue distress at joints. For areas where outfall is pile supported or crosses the Potomac Interceptor Sewer or where settlement is due to less load, there may be a "sag" in the pipe proper and it will function in the nature of a syphon. Some elongation of the pipe will occur with the sag and joints will open somewhat. Some leakage and infiltration may be expected. Existing watermains and sanitary sewers are more critical functionally than storm sewers. Structurally, they probably can sustain about 15 feet of f i l l satisfactorily if not rigidly supported. Breakage or leakage would be very undesirable for either pipe. To reduce chances of breakage and leakage, total estimated settlement of the pipe should not exceed 1/2 foot. Each area and alignment would require separate analysis to estimate magnitude of settlement. 38 �Using the existing utility systems as much as possible would be economical provided all concerned understand and agree to the calculated r i s k s involved. New utility pipe, to be placed in the f i l l planned to be constructed, should be placed after a l l significant settlement has taken place. Construction control will be of prime importance. The responsible agency must know where it will start by determining existing conditions. A system by which settlement may be observed and controlled during the placement of f i l l should be planned and initial layout established. It must be decided whether, where and how acceleration of consolidation w i l l be accomplished. These and other elements must be coordinated. Conclusions and recommendations are: a. The random pattern of hills and valley fills will cause greater settlement under the higher fills and less settlement under the lower fills with foundation conditions the same. b. To attain the planned design grades, an areal surcharge will have to be placed to varying elevations (requiring estimated calculations) above the design grades. c. Amounts and rates of consolidation which w i l l occur and must be observed and recorded during construction may vary widely from those calculated from test data. Height and rate of f i l l placement will be subject to control during construction. d. Stability of the f i l l adjacent to the r i v e r is satisfactory with only one area requiring further analysis. e. Existing pipes should sustain 15 feet of f i l l structurally provided pipe is not on unyielding support, i . e. piles. f. Existing storm water pipe should perform satisfactorily after sustaining 1. 5 feet settlement. g. Existing waterlines and sanitary sewers probably would function satisfactorily with up to 1/2 foot of settlement. h. Housing placed on f i l l should be designed in units which can sustain some differential settlement in the long term. Small groups of structures will settle as a unit while a long (over 100') row house configuration might be damaged by differential settlement of a central or end portion. �UTILITY DISTRIBUTION CONCEPTS During the preliminary study and planning of existing and proposed water, sanitary sewer and storm sewer systems for the Bolling/Anacostia Master Plan, several areas, each of which involved specific grading conditions, have been identified and studied. Following is a list of these areas which are shown on the S I T E U T I L I T I E S CONCEPT Drawing: Area I Area I I Area I I I Area IV Area V Area V I Area V I I Area V I I I Area IX North Housing Area Industrial/Technical Complex North Recreational Area Defense Office Building Area Housing Area North of Operational Marina Housing Area South of Operational Marina T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area Officers' Housing Area NCO Quarters' Area Existing utilities now serving buildings which will remain on the site as part of the Master Plan will be utilized whenever feasible, otherwise new lines will be constructed to provide additional capacity to existing areas and serve new areas of construction, as shown on the S I T E U T I L I T I E S CONCEPT Drawing. The U. S. Navy Civil Engineering Design Manual Number NAVFAC DM-5 dated January 1969 was utilized as the basis for design criteria of proposed utility systems. WATER MA INS The site is now served by an existing 30" watermain running along South Capitol Street. The District of Columbia Department of Environmental Services is presently proposing the construction of a 36" watermain which will enter the site north of Area I I and will run south along the proposed spinal road serving the North Housing Area, the Industrial/ Technical Complex, and the North Recreational Area. Thence it continues along the spine road toward the Potomac River, through a proposed sewer easement serving the DOB Area and then turns south parallel to the existing Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor. At a point near the junction of Portland Street alignment extended and the Potomac River, the proposed watermain is reduced to 30" diameter and continues south to a point north of the Operational Marina. Thence it turns west and connects to the existing 30" watermain at South Capitol Street at a point south of the Officers' Housing Area. 40 �A 30" branch of this watermain will traverse the site west to east along Portland Street alignment extended connecting to the existing 30" watermain at South Capitol Street. This will complete a primary loop providing additional service capacity to the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area and the Officers' Housing Area. Except for the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area, the Officers' Housing Area and the NCO Quarter's Area which will continue to be served from the existing 30" watermain on South Capitol Street, a new series of secondary loops along proposed street rights-of-way w i l l be constructed to serve the rest of the site which will complete the distribution system. The D. C . Department of Environmental Services i s engaged in the preparation of final construction drawings for the proposed 30" and 36" watermains which will provide additional service to the Navy Research Laboratory area and will serve those units to be built under the F Y 72 construction program. The design of horizontal and vertical alignments for this proposed watermain along the Waterfront paralleling the Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor has required a more extensive study of other existing and proposed utilities. Some of the existing storm sewer lines serving the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area and the Officers' Housing Area may either remain in service, provided their present structural conditions are satisfactory, or will be abandoned and a new series of lines will be constructed. New lines crossing over the existing Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor may interfere with the horizontal and vertical alignments of the proposed watermain. It is recommended, therefore, that the proposed watermain be located as far as possible west of the outside wall of the existing Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor, and within the existing easement to provide sufficient space to build new storm sewer lines and drop-manholes, should such be required, thereby diminishing future design problems. An alternative would be to provide sags in the proposed vertical alignment of the watermain at those locations where new storm sewer lines are proposed to cross over the Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor. SANITARY SEWERS Three major sanitary sewer trunk lines presently traverse the southern areas of the site. The Potomac Interceptor running along the waterfront consists of a 10'-0" x 11'-5" outfall relief sewer carrying sanitary sewage and a 12'-3" x 11'-5" combined sanitary and storm sewer system. The second is a 9'-4" x 8'-4" trunk sewer outfall running through the center of the Boiling A i r Force Base area. The third is a 9'-4" x 8'-4" trunk sewer relief outfall which runs through the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area and connects to the previous one at a junction chamber located west of the Operational 41 �Marina, from which an overflow line runs through the proposed Housing Area south of the Operational Marina and into the Potomac River. Sewage from existing buildings in the Boiling A i r Force Base area is now being carried either by gravity systems or pumped into these three major gravity sewers. As far as possible existing lines serving buildings which will remain as part of the proposed Master Plan will continue in service. If new building construction requires an existing line to be increased in size to provide proper capacity, it will be replaced. Pumping stations in the existing NCO Quarter's Area and Operational Marina will also remain in service and will continue to serve existing buildings. In the northern portion of the site, only one building, the Naval Photographic Center, is proposed to remain in plcae as part of the total Master Plan for the area. The existing sanitary sewer line and pumping station are expected to remain in service provided their present structural conditions are adequate. The D. C. Department of Environmental Services has recently completed the preparation of construction drawings for a twin trunk carrying sanitary and combined sewaje which enters the site at a point located between the DOB area and the Industrial/ Technical Complex, and runs along the proposed spine road in an easterly direction and connects to the existing Potomac Interceptor. Two systems will connect to the proposed sanitary box culvert. One will serve the Industrial/Technical Complex, the North Recreation Area and portions of the North Housing Area. The other will serve the remaining portions of the North Housing Area. The South Housing Areas in the Bolling/Anacostia area will be served by new lines connecting to existing manholes over the Potomac Interceptor or to new manholes when their cost offsets the cost of the additional length of pipe required to meet existing manholes. Other new lines will connect to the existing sanitary sewer outfall running through the center of the area, and similarly existing manholes or taps will be utilized whenever feasible. Connections to existing combined sewer will require screens. The T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area and the Officers' Housing Area will be served by existing lines connecting to the sanitary sewer outfall and the relief outfall lines, although new construction will require some existing lines to be abandoned. For such cases, new lines with larger capacity will be constructed. A l l new sanitary sewer lines throughout the site will flow by gravity. Site grading has been planned to eliminate requirements for new pumping stations. 42 �STORM SEWERS Under existing conditions the northern areas of the site in the Anacostia Naval Station are drained through a series of pipes running by gravity to several existing pumping stations near the Anacostia River. This area will be regraded with fills up to 15' in height constructed for flood protection which w i l l require a completely new drainage system taking advantage of the new surface contouring. Several outlets through the existing concrete seawall will be utilized wherever feasible to drain the North Housing and the North Recreation Area. A l l of the Industrial / Technical Complex Area, with the exception of the existing Naval Photographic Center, will be drained into a proposed 10'-0" x 10'-0" trunk sewer which enters the site just north of the intersection of the proposed spine road and South Capitol Street, between this area and the North Recreation Area and outfalls at the Anacostia River. The D. C. Department of Environmental Services had initially considered the design of a 96" storm sewer which does not have sufficient capacity to pick up the run-off from this area. The cost of this additional capacity is not contained in any District budget, therefore, early discussions should be held to determine capacity and costs of this particular storm sewer. The Naval Photographic Center cannot be drained by gravity into the above system. Existing lines presently draining the area adjacent to the building will be abandoned, and construction of a pumping station will be required to handle the run-off of this area. The southern portions of the site in the Boiling A i r Force Base area are now drained through a series of lines running toward the Potomac River in a westerly direction serving the Officers' Housing Area, the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area, the NCO Quarter's Area and existing runways. A l l existing runways west of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area will be abandoned and a residential development identified as the South Housing Area, north of the Operational Marina w i l l be constructed. This area will be regraded and fills up to 11' in height w i l l be placed over existing storm sewer lines. The Officers' Housing and the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Areas will not be regraded since many structures will remain as part of the proposed Master Plan for those areas. The existing lines now serving those areas may continue in service if their present structural conditions can withstand the additional f i l l as they cross the South HousingArea. The South Housing Area, north of the Operational Marina, will drain toward the Potomac River through a series of new storm sewer lines. �A l l existing and proposed lines serving this area with outfalls at the Potomac River will cross over the existing Potomac Sanitary Sewer Interceptor. As it was reported under WATERMAINS, a 30" watermain is to be constructed east of the sewer interceptor and these storm sewer lines will have a definite effect on the final alignment of this proposed watermain. Consideration has been given to run a l l proposed storm sewer lines in this area under the existing Potomac Interceptor. This idea has been abandoned since it will require multiple number of submerged outlets creating silting conditions at outfalls and further difficulties in their design and construction since the Potomac Interceptor is supported on piles. Due to the flat grading conditions throughout the site, a l l proposed new gravity lines will run at very flat slopes requiring large pipe sizes, except those serving the easternmost areas of the South Housing residential development north of the Operational Marina. The existing buildings of the NCO Quarter's Area are now served by a gravity system which outfalls at the Operational Marina. This system w i l l remain in service, since it has sufficient capacity to serve the additional units to be built in this area. A l l existing buildings in the South Housing Area, south of the Operational Marina are to be abandoned. Grading of this area will be minimal and some of the existing storm sewer lines may be utilized depending on the final physical location of proposed construction. Otherwise they w i l l be abandoned and a new system will be constructed with outfall at the Potomac River. E F F E C T S OF S I T E GRADING A preliminary evaluation of the effects of site grading and the placement of fill is presented for the several areas previously identified. Existing utility systems, which are presently in place and underlain by compressible material, will settle when a f i l l load is imposed. New utilities placed in the surface layer of a fill over compressible soil w i l l also settle with the f i l l . Exact analysis of settlement is not possible. An approach to determining the amounts of settlement can be made by use of soil test data. Such an approach was used as a basis for the analysis and examples presented in the section, SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS. This section provides guidance with respect to settlement and stability which will be important considerations during design. It stresses the worst conditions and points out the variations over the project site. 44 �It is stressed that each specific situation will require evaluation during design phase to develop design decisions. The areas described below for the GRADING plan are located by numerals on the S I T E U T I L I T I E S CONCEPTS plan. Areas V I and V I I I Not affected by grading. Areas V I I and IX Eastern portions not affected. Some few feet of f i l l in western parts along proposed spinal road may yeild a few inches of total settlement. Area V Western strip adjacent to river under roadway may settle up to one foot; northern 2/3 up to six inches; and southern 1/3 s i x inches to one foot. Area IV Roadway along west side and playground areas to west may settle s i x inches to one foot or more at northwest corner. Area I I Settlement may range from a few inches along the east portion increasing up to three feet along the west and north parts. Area I I I Settlement of a few inches in the east ranging to three or more feet in the central and south. Area I Settlement examples have been noted in SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS. Maximum of four to five feet with a surcharge is indicated. Minimum under the lower f i l l areas is estimated at about one to two feet. In anticipation of plan implementation, further study leading to a detailed utility plan should be undertaken for the entire Bolling/Anacostia site. ����LANDSCAPE CONCEPTS Key to an effective Master Plan for Bolling/Anacostia is landscaping. The site is flat but will be given some shape by the fill program discussed under S I T E GRADING CONCEPTS. The r i v e r ' s edge with its many excellent vistas is a major opportunity. The character of the soil existing and new is a considerable constraint. Capitalizing upon these conditions, landscape concepts are proposed by the Plan which will reinforce its main structure and secondary elements. Hierarchies of planting systems are recommended to emphasize the spine road and Duncan Avenue; to set the character of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area; to soften the Industrial/Technical area; to reinforce the pedestrian greenway system and to develop a large scale lineal park at the r i v e r ' s edge. Section I I I of the report is a detailed analysis of landscape concepts proposed by the Plan. See COMPREHENSIVE LANDSCAPE PLAN and LANDSCAPE CONCEPT HOUSING. FACILITY REQUIREMENTS The Plan indicates both existing and proposed structures and specifies their use. The facility program for Bolling/Anacostia has been developed from a consolidated Base Facility Requirement L i s t prepared by the Chesapeake Division of the NAVFAC working with A i r Force data prepared by Headquarters Command, USAF. In preparation of this list, certain facilities were included not as a direct requirement of a particular user agency but in conformance to standards contained in NAVFAC P-80, Facility Planning Factors for Naval Shore Activities. Some of these uses appear impractical or inappropriate and have not been included in the Plan. Examples are two skating rinks, two additional 1,000 seat theatres, a field house, an exchange laundry plant and an exchange dry cleaning plant. A heliport appears on the consolidated list of facilities but has not been shown on the Plan. Such a use is not only wasteful of valuable land, but is also incompatible with family housing. By the same token, no provision has been made for HMX-1, the Executive Helicopter Squadron. This facility is expected to operate from another location in the future and is therefore considered a temporary use for planning purposes. There is provision, however, for a small helicopter pad on the site of the DOB. The BUILDING INDEX identifies specific building functions. It should be stressed, however, that as requirements change and evolve, particular building uses will also change and evolve. To this end, the Plan allows flexibility within the major site areas to accept such change as it occurs. Appendix I indicates in detail the program provisions of the Plan presented here. Specific building uses are shown on the BUILDING INDEX in Section IV. 51 �STAGING The problem of staging must be analyzed in implementation of the Master Plan. In general, there w i l l be four major considerations in developing construction phasing for Bolling/Anacostia. They are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Demolition of structures not planned for retention Site filling and preparation Utility extension Access road extension These constraints must be coordinated as F i s c a l Year programming is developed. The following chart indicates these constraints for the major site areas: FGO Housing Area Demolition Required • NCO Club & NCO Units Marina South Housing Area Community Center North Housing Area Senior Officer Housing BOQ and Officer Open Mess T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area DOB Industrial/Technical Complex Park and School Area 52 • • • • • • • • • Site F i l l Required • • • • • • • Utility Ext. Access Road Required Required • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �In general, the two most complex areas for staging are the North Family Housing Area and the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area. Of secondary complexity are the Defense Office Building, the South Housing Area and the Industrial/Technical Area. * In the North Housing Area, difficulty stems from the short-term continuation of HMX-1 at its present location, even though reduced in area. Houses constructed around this facility w i l l be subjected to adverse sound conditions for a period of several years until the relocation of the helicopter function can be completed. To this end, it is proposed to construct a temporary noise-deflecting berm to buffer the housing area. This berm will also serve as a stock-pile for f i l l to be used when the last housing is built. Notwithstanding such measures, the helicopter squadron should be relocated at the earliest possible moment. The North Housing Area also presents the most serious f i l l problem on the site since settlement in this area is expected to be the most severe. The principal problems in the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area are the collection of smaller structures between Duncan Avenue and the Mall; the location of the Commissary in a hangar planned for conversion to a gymnasium and field house; and the location of the Base Civil Engineer in a building to be demolished which conflicts with the proposed Band Practice Facility. To aid in sequencing, the buildings by the water's edge at the old Naval A i r Station should be retained for the near-term and at least as long as HMX-1 remains. Programming and phasing for implementation of the Master Plan should then utilize these structures as a principal relocation resource. Activities can be moved here from structures slated for demolition where they can function until construction of new facilities. The BASE D E V E L O P M E N T PLAN indicates existing construction to remain and proposed new construction as well as buildings to be demolished. Refer to Appendix I I I for a detailed analysis of construction sequencing. 53 �����HOUSING The Master Plan indicates approximately 2,000 dwelling units of which 332 are existing. Twenty-four existing and twenty-two intended are detached single family houses; eight existing and thirty-two proposed are duplex. The balance of approximately 1, 862 units will be three and four bedroom townhouses. This category of housing constitutes the military's greatest deficiency and, therefore, is the preponderant housing type programmed for the Bolling/Anacostia tract. Appendix I , pages 126,127,128 & 129 indicates net and gross densities for the various housing areas. The townhouses are shown arranged in a basic U-shaped cluster with open space between the two legs of the loop. Gang carports are included and these provide both space definition and privacy control. There is one parking space per unit within the carports and an additional 1/2 space per unit in surface parking bays. Fenced forecourts for private service areas are indicated and garbage collection would be built into an end portion of the carport structure. Variation in placement of housing blocks helps somewhat in dampening the effect of aircraft noise as well as providing a visually more interesting environment. This loop configuration affords great flexibility and adaptability as the Master Plan shows. It also lends itself to variations in density. The basic cluster can be made of 88, 90 or 92 units without any compromise in system. The loop also facilitates circulation in contrast to the more conventional cul-de-sac configuration. SCHOOLS Three schools are indicated on the Master Plan. There is an elementary school serving the South Housing Community located just to the west of the Community Center. An elementary school forms the nucleus of a neighborhood center in the North Housing Community and a Junior High School is located at the northern tip of the site close to the Firth Sterling entrance. The two elementary schools are sized to serve the housing communities in which they are located and are considered neighborhood schools. By contrast, the Junior High School is intended to serve school children living on site as well as school children in the adjoining Anacostia school district. The Master Plan proposes that these schools be constructed and operated by the District 59 �of Columbia on land leased, sold or donated to the District. Problems concerning land transfer, school construction, pupil distribution policies and the like should be the subject of early negotiation between the Department of Defense and the D. C. School System. The following chart indicates the school age population anticipated at Bolling/Anacostia and is based on statistical experience with military families. Total number of dwelling units assumed is 1,948 : GRADE PERCENT NUMBER Pre-K . 11/DU 214 1 - 6 . 54/DU 1,052 7 - 12 . 32/DU 448 Total . 88/DU 1,714 In response to these figures, the two elementary schools should be 600-pupil schools each. The Junior High School, serving a larger area, should be for 1500 pupils. The Plan proposed 6. 26 acres for the South Community School, 6. 11 acres for the North Community School and 24 acres for the Junior High School. The schools will be multistorey and the building outlines shown are consistent with applicable Department of Education Guidelines for School Construction. OPEN SPACE, PARKS & RECREATION The single most dominant feature of the Bolling/Anacostia site is its long, long shoreline. At some points, it is made up of boulders; at others, fine sand. A seawall occurs in places and at the north end is the distinct profile of the Anacostia levee. The views of the city, the r i v e r and the Virginia shore are impressive. There is some existing vegetation, mainly mature willows growing by the water's edge at Giesboro Point. The shoreline constitutes the major recreational resource on the site and the Master Plan proposes it be used as long, lineal park. This use is currently supported by the NCPC and is a concept of long-standing in the city of Washington. Running the length of the lineal park is a walk which is its key structuring element. Experiences along the path will be rich in variety and will alternate in general from larger areas of passive use to smaller nodes of much more active use. Principal vistas are exploited by control of planting and advantage will be taken of changing natural conditions. The W A T E R ' S EDGE illustration, together with the L I N E A L PARK SECTION best describe the Master Plan intent. For a detailed description of landscaping concepts for the park, refer to section I I I , LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT. Recreation falls into two general categories: recreation for family housing and recreation for the troops. The major troop recreation area occurs between the Potomac and the DOB. Here there are Softball fields, volleyball courts, tennis courts, 60 �TYPICAL HOUSING CLUSTER �a lighted baseball diamond and a football field. Other troop recreation is planned adjacent to the dormitories and at the south end of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area. Included are a gymnasium, bowling, airmen's club with swimming pool, library, crafts and hobby shops. Recreation for family housing i s centered around two swimming pool facilities each located opposite the main housing communities. These developments are within the lineal park and linked to the pedestrian system by means of underpasses. Tennis and other activities would be included and it is intended that these complexes have a sense of neighborhood identity. Other common recreational opportunities include two movie theatres and a marina facility. The lineal park, the large troop recreation area, the neighborhood centers and the Mall, linked by the pedestrian system, form the basic open space structure of the Plan. The OPEN SPACE DIAGRAM illustrates this structure. 62 �COMMUNITY RECREATION FACILITY PARK OVERLOOK bt> a-a TYPICAL OVERALL PARK SECTION-bD c-c LINEAL PARK SECTIONS BOLLING ANACOSTIA MASTER PLAN �TYPICAL B I K E PEDESTRIAN WAY F I L L - 0 TO 10 FT. e-e d-d T Y P I C A L MOUNDED GRADE SEPARATION PEDESTRIAN SECTIONS WAY F I L L - 10 FT. AND OVER BOLLING-ANACOSTIA MASTER PLAN ��LANDSCAPE CONCEPT - ROUSING �TYPICAL VIEW OF SHOPPING AREA �ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER Generally speaking, a brick architecture trimmed with concrete, cast-in-place or pre-cast is proper for Bolling/Anacostia. This architecture should constitute the overall fabric of the base and should serve as a visual foil to the limestone-colored pre-cast concrete expanse of the DOB. In keeping with some of the newer structures in the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area, dark grey metal roofing and spandrel panels with batten seams can be used for punctuation and accent, but this use should be sparing lest it lose impact through over-repetition. Where used for roofing, it should be reserved for lower structures. Throughout the entire base, which is low-lying, careful treatment should be given to roof design to control roof structures, color and general appearance. To the extent possible in the mall area, common cornice lines should be struck and vertical elements and dimensions should be carefully related. Monumental scale should be avoided and individual buildings should fit well with one another and the mall upon which they open. In the Industrial/Technical Area, flat roofs will prevail and a strong concrete coping should be used in a consistent way to insure unity. Here again, common cornice lines should be struck although they will perforce differ on opposite sides of the inner road due to differing building types and dimension. Community Center facilities should continue the general brick character of the other major site areas but the use of larger openings, graphics and street furniture and the like should denote the commercial, meeting-place quality of the center. Ideally, family housing should also be executed in brick with dark grey, brown, or black roofs. A somewhat greater variety in brick colors would be desirable for family housing than in the mall or industrial/technical area but brick used throughout should be in a compatible range of colors for the base as a whole. The pressure of economics is such that family housing may well have to be frame and siding. In this case, the use of plywood sidings, finished on the job, would be preferable to the various pre-finished sidings available. Job finishing allows much more control over color schemes than pre-finished materials which are limited in selection and therefore inflexible. Earth colors, sympathetic to brick colors elsewhere on base, should predominate. If economic considerations suggest the use of some brick mixed with frame and siding, then certain clusters should be a l l brick with the balance a l l siding. The �two materials should not be mixed on individual houses nor in rows. As indicated on the Plan and to prevent monotony, rows of houses should have systemati set-backs and long rows without breaks should be avoided. Design of family recreation structures should be residential in feeling and in the same character as the housing., The overall architectural character of the base should be simple with consistent materials, brick and concrete, and should have a sense of quality and reasonable permanence. The feeling should be one of neat and attractive serviceability with occasional special accents at key places and buildings. Throughout, this character and sense of quality should be reinforced by the proposed landscape program which should be given high priority. 70 �VIEW OF OVERPASS AND SHOPPING AREA �INDUSTRIAL / T E C H N I C A L AREA �ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT A memorandum from the Deputy Secretary of Defense dated 8 August 1970, specifies that in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, DOD activities must submit an Environmental Statement for proposed action if, in the opinion of the DOD activity, the action qualifies for a statement under either one of the two following criteria set forth in the Secretary's memorandum: (1) A significant adverse environmental effect will result from the proposed action, or (2) the proposed action is likely to be controversial with respect to environmental effects. While the Master Plan for Bolling/Anacostia does not meet the test of the above criteria and no official Environmental Statement is therefore required, the following impact analysis has been prepared in keeping with the spirit of the National Environmental Policy Act. The Plan is consistent with plans prepared for the area in the provision of a major employment center, the inclusion of housing of moderate cost and in the proposal for a park strip along the water's edge. While the bulk of employment will be relocated from other areas in Washington and the National Capital Region, a number of new lower income jobs will be created most particularly at the DOB. The Plan proposes approximately 2,000 new housing units, of which 1,341 are for junior officers and non-commissioned officers. This housing will help to offset the current military deficit of 5, 000 family housing units in the National Capital Region. As this is a particularly acute problem for junior personnel and their families, construction of these units will proportionately reduce competition for low and moderate income housing units in the civilian market. Two new elementary schools are provided to meet the needs of the new on-base housing communities and a secondary school is proposed to serve both on-site and off-site educational needs. The Plan includes fully adequate community support facilities for the proposed new housing. Retail shopping facilities, service facilities such as dry cleaning, barber shop, etc. , are contained within the Community Center as are a Post Office, bank, credit union and the like. Also proposed are a youth center and a day care center. Accordingly, existing community facilities will not be overloaded by anticipated base development. 73 �Access to the base will be facilitated by development of three major connections to the South Capitol Street Corridor and peak hour volumes v/ill therefore be manageable. The increase in the working population at the base, however, will require upgrading of South Capitol Street, 1-295 and the interchanges at N R L , Chesapeake Street, Portland Street, the DOB and F i r t h Sterling Street. Improvements to be undertaken by the District Highway Department, aided by funds from the DOD, will eliminate increased traffic volume as an adverse environmental factor. The impact of surface parking will be greatly reduced by proposed structured parking at the DOB, within the high r i s e A F Administration facility and in the decked and rooftop parking indicated along the spine road and Duncan Avenue. This parking, where not completely concealed within structures, will be bermed and carefully landscaped. Not only will parking be controlled aesthetically but valuable land will be recovered for higher use. Enhancing environmental quality w i l l be the extensive pedestrian and bicycle system interconnecting housing, schools, the riverside park, the community center and the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area without conflict with automobile traffic. Demolishing decaying temporary structures, adequately developing the 1,000 acre site and removing the unsightly and unused airfield pavement will bring stability to the area with a corresponding effect on the neighboring community. Current A i r Force programs linked to the community will continue and can be strengthened as a result. The lineal park at the r i v e r ' s edge will constitute an ecological advance. Existing growth w i l l be retained and new planting and water's edge treatment will recapture the shoreline as a prime resource. Wildlife, now largely non-existent on the site, may be encouraged by this development. Supporting the park improvement is the general overall landscape plan together with the proposed open space structure which calls for increased planting as development progresses. Land quality, poor in bearing capacity and below the 100 year flood level in many areas, w i l l be improved by a controlled site filling and grading program. Advantage w i l l be taken of this program to provide satisfactory drainage, above and below grade, and soil conditioning is suggested for f i l l in areas where major planting occurs. No harmful substance, including chemicals, w i l l be discharged upon the land surface and solid waste w i l l continue to be disposed of off base under contract to a private concern. Air pollution from jet use of the Washington National Airport and from bus and automobile traffic in the 1-295 Corridor occurs today and is beyond control of the Master Plan. Relief results, however, from the virtually constant summer and winter winds associated 74 �with this river site. Fuel used in the central heating plant is low in sulphur content and does not contribute to air pollution. The base will continue to discharge sanitary waste into the various lines leading to the Blue Plains Treatment Plant. Increasing loads occasioned by planned development w i l l be more than offset by the current enlargement of the Blue Plains Plant. Storm drainage w i l l be controlled by filling, proper grading, underground drainage systems and adequate landscaping. Soil erosion and siltation will be prevented by use of the latest control practices during construction. The chief noise problem at Bolling/Anacostia w i l l be aircraft use of the Washington National Airport. Current helicopter operation by the President's Squadron and the Metropolitan Police will be phased out in the short-term eliminating this source of noise. Minor helicopter and hydrofoil access to the DOB will not contribute significantly to noise pollution. The proposed Master Plan for Bolling/Anacostia should have no adverse environmental impact, either on site or off. Rather it should result in considerable environmental improvement in the area. 75 ��Section Three LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT Existing Landscape Character Landscape Concept Technical Data 79 79 102 ��EXISTING LANDSCAPE CHARACTER The site is surrounded by the Anacostia River and River Valley to the north and west, the Anacostia Freeway to the east, and the Potomac River Valley to the south. The best views are across the r i v e r to the west where one can see an impressive panorama of the Washington Masonic National Memorial, the Washington Sailing Marina, National Airport, Crystal City, the Arlington Cemetery, the Potomac River Valley, East Potomac Park, the Washington Monument, Fort McNair and the U. S. Capitol. Because of the site's proximity to National Airport, the noise level and frequency of air craft departures and a r r i v a l s presents a major design problem - - not unfamiliar to most military bases. Adequate amounts of vegetation where there is none at present would aid considerably to muffle and soften some of this environmental i r r i t a tion. Because of this a l l pervasive influence on the character of the landscape every effort should be made to reduce its impact. Ecologically, the site is a typical example of coastal plain estuarine development. Presently it consists of a combination of open flood plain with areas of land fill added over a period of years to create level air landing strips. The ground surface lies generally between elevation 11 and 16, except for a portion to the south of the property which is at elevation 7. Typical of a i r fields, there is a vast flat openness to the site except for the southeast edge which r i s e s toward the expressway. The r i v e r edge possesses a varied condition starting from the north with a man-made levee and sea wall. Moving south where there is no sea wall or levee, many sections of the slopes adjacent to the edge show evidence of shore line erosion encroachment due to the swift r i v e r currents and a lack of soil holding vegetation. Methods should be employed along these portions of the r i v e r ' s edge to stabilize this natural erosive action. Back from the r i v e r ' s edge, vegetation cover varies. In general -- there is very little of it, though in some cases mature trees stand close to the water's edge and natural grasses provide soil cover. LANDSCAPE CONCEPTS MAJOR V E H I C U L A R CIRCULATION Vehicular circulation is comprised of a major loop road which functions as a collector and distributor of traffic, major connector roads between the expressway and the loop road at Portland Street, Overlook Avenue, Suitland Parkway Entrance, and primary and secondary access roads to the housing areas and industrial zones. �The pedestrian circulation system consists of a series of exterior at-grade walkways and underpasses which connect the base with the Base Exchange and Commissary, housing areas and waterfront park. The roads form the basic landscape structure. Design recommendation for general landscaping treatment of the major roads throughout the project is a key element to the project improvement. Fifty foot spacing of willow oaks are proposed on both sides of the Spine Road as it winds through the site from north to south to denote the major connection element between the Defense Office Building and the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area. T i l i a Cordata (Little Leaf Linden) in formal rows, is planned for Duncan Street. The trees are utilized in pair groupings to establish a different character for Duncan Street, They are spaced 40' apart, with 80' gaps between pairs parallel to each other, on both sides of the street. Duncan Street serves as a major collector of traffic and this organization of pair groupings helps to reinforce its unique character. The primary and secondary housing roads should have a more informal tree grouping treatment to differentiate their surrounding function from that of the spine road. This informal treatment would be in the form of alternation. In a given length several trees sould be planted on one side of the road only. Then, down the road trees would be planted only on the other side so that both economy and a three dimensional design is created in sympathy with the informality of the housing arrangement. Trees chosen for this use are Platanus Acerifolia (London Plane Tree). 80 �The types of landscape treatment for the roads within the project, as illustrated on the following pages, indicates conceptual design intent standards and should be adjusted accordingly to accommodate specific conditions and comply with regulatory controls. Placement of trees adjacent to general street lighting should be limited to a 10 foot minimum from each side of the light pole. Clear visibility of traffic lights at intersections must be assured by limiting placement of this to a 15 foot minimum from street intersections. Minimum dimensions are required to sufficiently accommodate tree planting in strips near those buildings that are adjacent to public spaces. This minimum width varies from 12 to 18 feet from road or curb edge to face of building, depending on the location and specific conditions. �LANDSCAPE TREATMENT SPINE ROAD �ROAD SECTION AT DUNCAN AVENUE �ROAD SECTION IN HOUSING AREAS �TRI-SERVICE CANTONEMENT AREA SERVICE ROAD �SENSE O F A R R I V A L Major automobile entrances to the site are from Portland Street and from several expressway exits to the north of the NPC and to the south at the NRL. For Portland Street, the entry to the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area is very important as an a r r i v a l destination. Double rows of willow oaks would be used to highlight the major road edge, along with a slightly mounded open meadow between Portland and the Administrative Building entries. Continuing down Portland to its intersection with the major north-south spine road, one comes upon a major contact point with the base housing areas. Here exists a tremendous opportunity to create a water impoundment area. The water itself sould serve to create a sense of a r r i v a l into the housing community and simultaneously become a landmark to which one may relate. The earth work necessary to excavate for this water impoundment can be used to aid in the f i l l operations for the housing so that some economies can be realized. 86 �EDGES The site as viewed from the expressway has a varied impact on the driver. In some cases, for example, near the Naval Photographic Center, the site is quite open and exposed and the expressway elevation is higher than the site. When this occurs a strong screen planting of Pinus Strobus (White Pine) with its low branching characteristics has been utilized. When the grade differential is not so great, Tsuga Canadensis, (Canadian Hemlock) has been chosen to help give variation to this essential screening. The industrial service roads should also have an informal character to break up the long monotonous expanses of structure and heavy trucking docks, but in this case the trees and related understory planting would be chosen primarily for their screening ability. The canopy tree spaced here more closely at 30' O. C. would be Gleditsia Triacanthos Inermis (Honey Locust). The general service roads would be planted in a similar fashion but they would not need to have as formal street tree arrangement as the other more important roads. Instead, more of an evergreen palette to screen out certain stretches would be appropriate. Of prime importance is the rear areas of the industrial zone facing the Anacostia expressway from NPC proceeding south. The backs of these kinds of uses with a railroad as a foreground usually become unsightly scrap yards and neglected stretches. Plant species organized informally in large drifts to screen out this view would be a continuation of the Tsuga Canadensis (Canadian Hemlock) with a possible second row of Crateagus Phaenopyrun (Washington Hawthorne) on the service road side of the tracks. �LANDSCAPE EDGES AT PARKING AREAS �L I N E A L PARK CONCEPT The three mile lineal river-edge park is the prime element for most of the planned recreational facilities of the proposed program on the site. It would provide an opportunity for relaxation in the pursuit of recreational activity in sharp contrast to the activity program planned for the rest of the site. The design intent is to create an environment as free from surrounding distractions as possible while providing a well balanced program of recreational variety. Automobile access would be provided by secondary roads which loop to the northsouth spine road. Pedestrian bicycle access from the housing areas would be provided in selected locations in coordination with the planned pedestrian way system. As one drives along the perimeter road adjacent to this lineal park, the intent is that he w i l l be able to get an occasional glimpse through the trees to the r i v e r beyond. Anticipated views have been designated by K L C as mentioned earlier. These openings can be determined by multiplying the design speed of the road times 7 in order to achieve a 5 second viewing period. This can be diagrammed as follows: 89 �The park itself is visualized to be a series of contrasting spaces of active and passive recreation so that at any one point along the park the user is not far from a variety of experiences that are planned for the park. The three major active recreational focal points of the park are two family recreation community facilities adjacent to the north and south communities, and one major area containing sports fields midway to the park near the DOB site. The park areas between these focal points would provide more informal passive recreation space. 90 �FAMILY RECREATION CENTER �OVERLOOK AT LINEAL PARK �PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION The three mile long pedestrian way was conceived as a connection to and a way between housing clusters. It would provide internal circulation and recreation space for pedestrians and bicyclists free from auto traffic hazards as well as a planning structure defining sub-community organization. Its proposed elevation would essentially be at the existing grade of the site. In this way, a valley floor would be flanked between mounded-up housing plateaus (necessitated by flood level requirements. ) Needless to say, this approach requires little f i l l material for the pedestrian way and would be a very economical approach. In addition, the roads also would be on a raised mounted plateau to satisfy flooding provisions. The pedestrian way connection across roads would be by underpass structures. This would hopefully create a safe and direct distraction from connection for pedestrians of a l l ages as well as allow more continuity of automobile traffic. The walks within the pedestrian way were designed as a dual system. It would be better to have two more narrow walks separated by mounding and plant material than it would be to have a single wide walkway that does not allow much freedom of movement. It is envisioned that one walk would be used mainly by pedestrians while the other would be used by bicycle riders. It is entirely possible that both would be used by bicycle r i d e r s , but additional design features could be incorporated at a later stage to keep them separated. By building two parallel walks it is hoped that more design flexibility is possible. The plant material palette for the pedestrian way would essentially be shade trees, under story trees, evergreens and rough grasses. Their choice requires low maintenance characteristics, a necessity for an area such as this. Though a sophisticated maintenance program could be instituted either through a home owners type association or by private means, a material section and layout which requires anything more than routine minimal maintenance can quickly deteriorate in quality. Rough grasses should be chosen so that even if only mowed a few times a year they would always be presentable. The use of plant material in combination with mounding is the least expensive way to create an attractive meaningful environment that would accomplish most of the before mentioned goals for a pedestrian oriented system of this magnitude. �TYPICAL PEDESTRIAN WAY �BERM PLANTING-PEDESTRIAN WAY �M A L L LANDSCAPING - E X T E R N A L The internal appearance of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area should be one of a luxuriant vigorous plant growth - - year round - - with the plants protected from the harsh climatic conditions of the site. This could be accomplished by the use of abundant evergreen plant materials on the two exposed east and west sides of this mall. These evergreens would be planted on the soutside of the ring service roads as shown on the accompanying S E R V I C E ROAD SECTION Drawing. Therefore, these evergreens on the exterior of the mall are important to the contract of lush planting that occurs within the mall. The evergreens have the added advantage of screening out service and other utilitarian elements such as parking, transformers, service stations, loading docks, etc. , which usually are exposed and tend to detract from the visual quality of an area. Tsuga Canadensis (Canadian Hemlock) and Pinus Strobus (White Pine) are the predominant evergreens. Deciduous trees, however, should be used almost exclusively within the mall area itself to reflect and emphasize the formal spatial systems. Therefore, the mall side of the service road w i l l be planted with a formal row at fifty foot spacing of T i l i a Cordata (Little Leaf Linden) . These trees will also be used within the mall in bosque-like plantings. 96 �EXTERNAL SERVICE ROAD MALL AREA �M A L L LANDSCAPING - INTERNAL Within the mall, the long axis has, as a terminus to one end, the proposed band practice building and at the opposite end, the existing troop mess hall. This axis ties the administrative facilities with the troop support facilities. This strong axis is illustrated in the two accompanying plans. Along this axis, the pedestrian way crosses at right angles to the mall. The pedestrian way's distinctive dual walk-way here shows up as a formal dual walkway. At this cross axis point, the pedestrian way touches two formal bosque-like plantings which can become outdoor sitting plazas on pleasant days. At the same time these formal bosque-like plantings of T i l i a Cordata (Little Leaf Linden) serve as strong anchors to the proposed use of the band practice building. As shown on the two accompanying drawings, the long axis of the mall will also use T i l i a Cordata (Little Leaf Linden); the spacing of Lindens vary because of unidentified entry points. But the ingredient important here is the alignment of the mall with these trees on the back edge of the mall in front of the new or existing buildings. This edge forms the structure of the mall, and the various indentations of the buildings become unimportant if the trees are in a strong line, and low hedges cr walls are utilized as a continuous element (and incidentally, create courtyards. ) In short, the internal appearance of the mall will be one of an orderly organizing element, with deciduous trees used almost exclusively to reflect and emphasize the formal spatial systems of the buildings. The only exceptions to this should be the use of small deciduous flowering trees in conjunction with foundation planting and the use of an occasional specimen tree to complement a courtyard. As viewed from a distance, this contrast of inside versus outside will provide the desired distinctive image of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area. The effect of deciduous trees planted in either formal lines or in bosque-like settings, with evergreens forming a strong edge, as seen over the tops of and between the spaces of buildings will help to knit the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area together and aid in providing the desired impression of invitation. From outside one would almost be able to sense the lushness, a sort of oasis, protected within the confines of the project. 98 �LANDSCAPE TREATMENT MAJOR MALL AXIS �TRI-SERVICE CANTONEMENT AREA �LANDSCAPE TREATMENT MUSIC BUILDING AREA �TECHNICAL SOIL CONDITIONS The soil conditions in this area of Washington are classified as medium to stiff clays. Although the majority of the future planted areas will receive fill to a certain degree, the ability to provide good drainage characteristics will be limited. The experience at other sites in the region has been one of generally poor soil under-drainage due to these soil types. One approach to this problem is to import special planting soil for tree planting operations. This, however, is very expensive and does not solve the underlying drainage problem completely. As long as f i l l is being used to establish the new grades, it may be simpler to condition this f i l l soil for planting in the appropriate areas, then underdrain by preparing special tree pit under-drainage. Provisions should also be established for pumping out excess water out of the pits when the water exceeds 6" accumulation in the pits. If done prior to tree planting, this preparation will assure normal percentage of survival. Most plant materials found growing in these kinds of soils are poorly formed and suffer from apparent slow growth. This is primarily because clay soils consist of large quantities of very fine particles which have insufficient pore space. This inhibits aeration and drainage and provides resistance to root penetration. The addition of organic matter or humus making material will improve the structure and texture of the soil. It will make the soil more friable, thus reducing surface run-off by allowing easier penetration of rainfall and easier root penetration. It will improve drainage and provide a better balance of air and water which w i l l in turn provide a better environment for beneficial bacterial life. Lawn areas within the pedestrian precinct of the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area should have this material worked into at least the top six inches of soil. Tree pits and shrub beds throughout the Bolling/Anacostia project should be larger than normally recommended and filled with topsoil that is well fortified with humus making material and slow acting fertilizers. The fertilizers will stimulate faster and better growth by helping to correct nutrient deficiencies. Soil improvement projects should be started and carried out thoroughly with grading operations and the preparation of planting areas prior to planting. It is almost i m possible to do it well after plants have been installed. This may be laborious and incur a high initial expense but it w i l l provide better plants and continue to produce them without much additional feeding for a longer period of time than soil not properly or thoroughly prepared. 102 �S I Z E O F PLANT M A T E R I A L Much discussion is usually given in trying to decide whether to do small size planting in groves or large size individual planting treatments. The most flexible design approach is to choose a smaller size caliper tree. The minimum caliper recommended for a l l tree species should be not less than 2-1/2" in caliper. Although this size caliper is an inch larger than most minimum standards it is more easily transplanted with smaller root ball. It can be replaced readily without sacrificing size over the first four or five years, yet it has great adaptability, a high survival rate, and sufficient hardiness to comply with clearance and trimming standards. The smaller intermediate scale trees and ornamentals contemplated for Boiling / Anacostia are planned for grove-like planting also. In essence, it is a tighter spacing than normal, with again a small caliper size, but placed in large broad stroke massing, in order to define and enrich spaces. MAINTENANCE CHARACTERISTICS Once a tree is planted, further low maintenance methods should be employed such as the use of a good high percentage mixture of peat or humus and a berm saucer of 4 inches placed around the trees in such a way as to divert surface water run-off. By a l l of these methods, flooding conditions can be minimized in the tree pits. A l l of the trees chosen in the list are based on the "Street Tree Study for the District of Columbia" by the Barlett Tree Expert Company, and correlated with the Wallace, McHarg, Roberts and Todd Preliminary Study for Developing a Comprehensive Plan for the National Capital Planning Commission with an eye towards two maintenance tree types. Since watering without irrigation is a costly and time consuming operation and would have to be limited to specific areas, we recommend that irrigation only be provided to all landscaped areas within the pedestrian precinct of a l l the T r i - S e r v i c e Cantonement Area to create a luxurious effect. A l l plant materials outside that area should be encouraged to adapt to existing conditions, however, supplemental watering will be required for the first few years since newly planted material requires more moisture than existing plants. Anything that can be done to increase or conserve moisture in these areas or make plants more self-reliant should be done to reduce not only the work of maintenance but also the cost. This might include surface mulches or the close planting of material which w i l l expose less open space to the sun's rays and thus reduce the evaporation rate. �Irrigation of course i s unavoidable in certain key areas which must have a manicured attended look. In weighing the comparative merits of manual and automatic irrigation methods, we feel that the automatic system has far more advantages. A manual system is normally operated during the day because of the cost of night labor. This requires an increased amount of water because of the higher evaporation rate during the day. Manual control also usually means that water will be applied for inaccurate lengths of time resulting in wasted water and/or injured plants. On the other hand, an automatic system greatly limits a l l these waste factors. It applies the precise amount of water needed at a time when the least amount of people will be inconvenienced. There is also a lower evaporation rate and usually less wind during the evening or early morning hours. With this type of system one can normally expect a twenty to twentyfive percent savings in the amount of water used. PLANTING P A L E T T E As mentioned earlier, the site is at the terminus of a coastal plain ecology. Mixed Oak, Hickory and Pine forest is generally found within the vicinity of the coastal plain, In addition to ecological concerns, plants chosen should reflect hardiness and be the kinds of trees, which once introduced to this environment, will thrive and encourage a higher order of communities. Canopy Trees Species Quercus Phellos (Willow Oak) Spine Road Zelkova Serrata (Japanese Zelkova) Lineal Park Quercus Borealis (Red Oak) Pedestrian Way/Surface Parking Lots Quercus Robur (English Oak) Pedestrian Way/Lineal Park Fagus Grandfolia (American Beech) Pedestrian Way/Lineal Park T i l i a Cordata (Little Leaf Linden) Duncan Street/Tri-Service Cantonement Area 104 �Platanus Acerifolia (London Plane Tree) Primary and Secondary Roads Gleditsia Triacanthos Inermis "Moraine" (Moraine Honey Locust) Industrial and Service Roads Intermediate Zone Trees Amelanchier Candensis (Shadblow Service Berry) Pedestrian Way Acer Campestree (Hedge Maple) Lineal Park Acer Ginnala (Amur Maple) Lineal Park Crataegus Phaeno pyrum (Washington Hawthorne) Industrial and Service Roads Lager stroemia Indica (Crepe Myrtle) Mall/Tri-Service Cantonement Area Accent Trees and Shrubs Cornus species Malus species Siberian Crabapple Radiant Crabapple Prunus Species Amanogawa Flowering Cherry Sekiyama Flowering Cherry Yedoewsis Flowering Cherry Viburnum Species �Accent Trees and Shrubs (Cont'd. ) Azalea Species Ilex Species Evergreen Trees Pinus Nigra (Austrian Pine) Pinus Strobus (White Pine) Tsuga Canadensis (Canadian Hemlock) 106 ��Section Four SUPPORTING DATA Building Index Appendix I Appendix II Appendix III Bibliography 112 115 135 156 161 ��BOLLING-ANACOSTIA �BUILDING INDEX 1. Administration 2. Band Practice Building 3. Parking Structure 4. Bowling Alley 5. Gymnasium 6. Hangar 7. Photo Recon. Lab. 8. Heating Facility Building 9. Heating Facility Building Extension 10. Airmen's Club 11. NCO Academy 12. Squadron Headquarters 13. L i b r a r y , Crafts 14. Dormitory, Medium-Rise 15. Dormitory, High-Rise 16. Dining Hall 17. Dispensary 18. Chapel 19. Officers' Club 20. Officers' Mess 21. BOQ 22. Officers' Mess 23. Base Theatre 24. Base Police 25. Base Administration 26. Commissary 27. Base Exchange 28. Theatre 29. Sales Outlet 30. Clothing Store 31. Cafeteria 32. Post Office 33. Credit Union 34. Bank 35. Thrift Shop 36. Day Care Center 37. Youth Center 38. Motel 39. Elementary School 40. Family Recreation Area 41. NCO Club 42. Marina 43. Marine Maintenance Shop 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. Boat Storage Crash Boat Crew Station F i r e Station Unspecified Building Car Care Center Car Wash Gas Station Auto Hobby Shop A F Base Engineer, B. E . Maintenance, Auto Maintenance (Parking on Roof) Open Storage USN Public Works Shops, Store Equipment Shed, Vehicle Maintenance Shed, Auto Maintenance Shop (USN and USMC) (Parking on Roof) PEPCO Substation USN Filling Station USAF Filling Station A F Warehouse USN Ready Issue Warehouse USN Exchange Warehouse Naval Photographic Center USN/USMC Reserve Training Center Junior High School North Recreation Area Troop Recreation Area Family Housing Area I Senior NCO Housing Area Family Housing Area I I Family Housing Area I I I Family Housing Area IV Family Housing Area V Family Housing Area V I Senior Officers' Quarters General Officers' Quarters Defense Office Building DOB Parking Cyclotron Naval Research Laboratory Blue Plains Sewage Treatment Plant ��n APPENDIX I �BOLLING/ANACOSTIA MASTER PLAN APPENDIX I - SUPPORTING DATA SUMMARY: COMPONENT S I T E AREAS 142.47 ACRES T R I - S E R V I C E CANTONEMENT AREA I N D U S T R I A L / T E C H N I C A L COMPLEX 74.21 COMMUNITY 33.35 CENTER SOUTH NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER 6.26 NORTH NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER 6. 11 SUB- T O T A L 262.40 ACRES 55.00 OFFICERS" HOUSING A R E A SOUTH COMMUNITY 203.13 NORTH COMMUNITY 114. 06 9. 13 SENIOR NCO HOUSING A R E A SUB- T O T A L 381.32 ACRES OPE RATIONAL MARINA 14.43 SOUTH F A M I L Y R E C R E A T I O N A R E A 23.64 NORTH F A M I L Y RECREATION A R E A 24.70 WEST TROOP R E C R E A T I O N A R E A 37.31 NORTH R E C R F A T I O N A R E A 19. 11 SUB- •TOTAL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 119. 19 A C R E S 24.00 T O T A L N E T A R E A (Exclusive of Portland St.& main spine road) 786.91 ACRES T O T A L GROSS A R E A 801.40 ACRES �D E F E N S E O F F I C E BUILDING S I T E (less area required for road realignment) SUB-TOTAL 109.93 A C R E S 58. 83 B E L L E V U E HOUSING A R E A 129.24 N A V A L R E S E A R C H LABORATORY 8.08 NAVY CYCLOTRON SUB-TOTAL SUMMARY: 114.31 ACRES 4.38 196. 15 A C R E S HOUSING UNITS 24 DU 19 43 DU Existing Proposed 8 DU 32 SUB-TOTAL SENIOR O F F I C E R S ' QUARTERS Existing Proposed SUB-TOTAL G E N E R A L O F F I C E R S ' QUARTERS 40 DU F I E L D GRADE OFFICERS* QUARTERS Proposed 221 DU CO. GRADE O F F I C E R S ' QUARTERS Proposed 286 DU SENIOR NCO QUARTERS Proposed 3 DU NCO QUARTERS Existing Proposed 300 DU 41 SUB-TOTAL 341 DU Proposed 326 SUB-TOTAL 667 DU Proposed 688 DU EXISTING 332 DU NCO & E N L I S T E D MENS' QUARTERS T O T A L F A M I L Y HOUSING UNITS PROPOSED 1,616 TOTAL 1,948 DU 117 �NON-FAMILY HOUSING BOQ 1, 100 MN DORMITORY - AIRMEN Existing Proposed 1, 100 MN 2,376 SUB-TOTAL 3, 476 MN TOTAL 4, 576 MN SUMMARY: PARKING NON-HOUSING STRUCTURED DECKED OPEN 350 CARS 5,798 3,343 SUB-TOTAL HOUSING COVERED OPEN 1, 634 CARS 922 SUB-TOTAL TOTAL 118 9,491 CARS 2,556 CARS 12, 047 CARS �EXISTING COMPONENT S I T E A R E A S 333.81 A C R E S 34.40 U. S. N A V A L STATION (less area returned to District of Columbia) TOTAL 299.41 A C R E S includes: Naval Photographic Center 10 A C R E S HMX - 1 50 A C R E S 114.31 A C R E S D E F E N S E O F F I C E BUILDING S I T E BOLLING A I R F O R C E BASE including easement excluding right-of-way Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Alexandria Branch Line excluding D. C . sewer area 620. 00 A C R E S 9. 33 A C R E S 4. 41 2. 02 (less proposed Urban Renewal Area) proposed r i v e r crossing 252. 40 A C R E S 10. 89 9.42 TOTAL 20. 31 A C R E S 38.98 5.38 proposed N R L expansion TOTAL 44.36 A C R E S as per 1965 NCPC approved plan 302. 89 A C R E S as per 1969 A i r Force Scheme I I I 410. 00 A C R E S B E L L E V U E HOUSING (less N R L expansion area) N A V A L R E S E A R C H LABORATORY includes PEPCO easement plus miscellaneous additions 17.41 A C R E S 103. 37 A C R E S 1. 00 A C R E S TOTAL T O T A L A R E A BOLLING/ANACOSTIA 58. 83 ACRES 41.42 25. 87 129.24 A C R E S 1,107.48 A C R E S 119 �T R I - S E R V I C E CANTONEMENT A R E A HEADQUARTERS ADMINISTRATION A R E A EXISTING: 53. 87 ACRES Administration Facility - Building #20 Parking - Open 4.90 ACRES GROSS A R E A PROPOSED: 64, 128 S F 150 CARS 799,000 S F 82,000 Headquarters Administration Complex Band Practice Facility - USAF TOTAL PARKING: Decked (2 levels) Structured (Under HQ Complex) TOTAL 881, 000 S F 2,472 CARS 350 2, 822 CARS 48.97 A C R E S GROSS A R E A 65.55 A C R E S TROOP SUPPORT A R E A Dispensary - USAF Dormitory - Airmen Dining Hall - Airmen proposed expansion 1,100 MN 1,500 MN 1,500 37, 680 S F 180,000 18, 600 S F 9,000 SUB-TOTAL EXISTING: 3, 000 MN 27,600 S F HQ Squadron proposed expansion 22,172 SF 18, 000 SUB-TOTAL 40, 172 S F Bowling Alley proposed expansion 16 lanes 16 lanes 13, 600 S F 14, 000 SUB-TOTAL 32 lanes 27, 600 S F Service Club - Airmen 120 27,800 S F �Photo Lab Reconnaissance Heating Facility Building Gymnasium (in converted hanger) 10, 432 S F 12,068 46,230 TOTAL PROPOSED: Lowrise Dormitories - Airmen 11 three-story structures @ 216 MN @ 30, 000 S F 409,582 S F 2,376 MN 330, 000 S F Chapel Center - 400 seats Library and Craft Hobby Shop NCO Adademy - USAF 18,500 S F 45,000 27, 800 TOTAL 421,300 S F GRAND T O T A L 830, 882 S F PARKING: Decked (2 levels) Open 2,292 CARS 223 TOTAL RECREATIONAL FACILITIES: Exterior - Softball Fields Swimming Pool 2 1 O F F I C E R S ' CLUB - BOQ A R E A EXISTING: 23. 05 A C R E S Officers' Club Officers' Open Mess Recreational Facility 73,819 S F 6,262 11,546 SUB- •TOTAL PROPOSED: 2,515 CARS 91,627 S F 343,700 S F 21,300 BOQ - 1,100 MN Recreational Facility SUB-•TOTAL 365, 000 S F TOTAL 456, 627 S F 121 �PARKING: Open - BOQ 252 CARS Officers' Club/Recreational Facilities 214 TOTAL 466 CARS RECREATIONAL FACILITIES: Exterior - Tennis Courts Swimming Pools 4 2 SUMMARY T O T A L EXISTING CONSTRUCTION TO REMAIN 478, 107 S F T O T A L PROPOSED EXPANSION & CONVERSION 87,230 S F 1,667,300 S F T O T A L PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION GRAND T O T A L T O T A L PARKING: T O T A L HOUSING: 350 CARS 4,764 839 Structured Decked (2 levels) Open . 2,245,147 S F GRAND T O T A L 5,903 CARS Dormitories - Airmen Existing: Proposed: 1,100 MN 2,376 180, 000 S F 330,000 SUB-TOTAL 3, 476 MN 510, 000 S F BOQ 1,100 MN 343,700 S F TOTAL 4,576 MN 853,700 S F T O T A L GROSS A R E A T R I - S E R V I C E CANTONEMENT A R E A 142.47 ACRES NOTE: A l l facilities are for Consolidated Services unless otherwise noted. 122 �I N D U S T R I A L / T E C H N I C A L COMPLEX NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHIC C E N T E R S I T E 10. 00 A C R E S 140, 376 S F 14, 000 Existing Building to Remain Proposed Warehouse Annex 347 CARS PARKING: Open 7.92 ACRES USN/USMC R E S E R V E TRAINING C E N T E R S I T E 84, 000 SF 3. 00 A C R E S Proposed Building Open Training Area 81 CARS PARKING: Open 66.29 A C R E S MAINTENANCE A R E A PROPOSED: USN S T R U C T U R E Public Works Shops Public Works Shops Store Pavement and Grounds Equipment Shed Vehicle Maintenance Shed Auto Maintenance Shop - USN Auto Maintenance Shop - USMC SUB-TOTAL USAF S T R U C T U R E Base Engineering Administration BE Pavement and Grounds Facility BE Shed Storage - Lumber BE Storage - Covered BE Maintenance Shop Supplies and Equipment Shed Miscellaneous Storage Auto Maintenance Shop - USAF 41,700 SF 16, 000 10, 000 16, 800 25,620 12,090 122,210 SF 15,061 SF 6, 400 1,500 14,362 15,977 13,250 2,520 38,382 SUB-TOTAL Exchange Warehouse - USN Warehouse Ready Issue - USN (including Btn. Whse. USMC - 7,910 S F ) Warehouse - Supplies & Equipment - USAF 107,452 S F 60, 000 S F 352,910 SF 106, 370 S F 123 �Filling Station - 6 island - USN Filling Station - 6 island - USAF Filling Station - 11 island - CONS Car Wash - 5 bays Car Care Center F i r e Station 2, 600 S F 2,600 4,950 11,400 10,400 PEPCO Substation - 200* x 200' x 90' Non-Specified Buildings - one @ 108, 000 S F SUB-TOTAL 108,000 659,230 S F 459 CARS 575 PARKING: Roof - USN Structure USAF Structure SUB-TOTAL 1,034 CARS 172 Open TOTAL ADDITIONAL OPEN STORAGE (UNCOVERED) 1,206 CARS 124, 800 S F SUMMARY T O T A L EXISTING CONSTRUCTION TO REMAIN T O T A L EXPANSION PROPOSED TO EXISTING F A C I L I T I E S GRAND T O T A L 1,127,268 S F 1, 034 CARS 600 ROOF OPEN GRAND T O T A L T O T A L GROSS A R E A I N D U S T R I A L / T E C H N I C A L COMPLEX 124 14, 000 S F 972, 892 S F T O T A L PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION T O T A L PARKING: 140,376 S F 1, 634 CARS 74.21 A C R E S �COMMUNITY C E N T E R PROPOSED: Commissary Base Exchange Sales Outlets and Clothing Store Theatre - 500 seats Cafeteria \ Post Office Credit Union 1 Bank Thrift Shop Day Care Center Youth Center Gas Station - 6 islands Motel - 125 UNITS - 3 Increments @ 21 , 000 S F ea. PARKING: Open - Commissary, Base Exchange, Motel Units TOTAL 296, 050 SF 1,080 CARS 118 TOTAL GROSS A R E A 104,200 S F 54,200 13,300 8,700 7,500 6,300 4, 800 4,800 4, 800 9,600 12, 600 2,250 63,000 1,198 CARS 33.35 A C R E S SOUTH NEIGHBORHOOD C E N T E R PROPOSED: Elementary School (Gross Area) PARKING: Open GROSS A R E A 6.26 A C R E S 90 CARS 6.26 A C R E S NORTH NEIGHBORHOOD C E N T E R PROPOSED: Elementary School Chapel PARKING: Open GROSS A R E A 92 CARS 6.11 A C R E S 125 �F A M I L Y HOUSING OFFICER'S AREA NORTH COMPONENT D E T A C H E D HOUSES - G E N E R A L O F F I C E R S ' QUARTERS EXISTING: 11 DU @ 2.7 D U / A C R E (net) 2.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 32,516 S F 2,956 S F (gross) 21 CARS 4,928 S F Parking: 7 Garage Units @ 3 cars 704 S F PROPOSED: 6 DU @ 3.2 D U / A C R E (net) 1.7 D U / A C R E (gross) 6 Attached Garage Units @ 1 c a r 240 S F EXISTING NON-HOUSING: 4. 1 A C R E S 12,600 S F 2,100 S F (net) Parking: 4.9 ACRES Security Police Building Base Theatre - 460 seats SUB-TOTAL 6 CARS 1,440 S F 6,448 S F 8,160 14, 608 S F S U B - T O T A L EXISTING CONSTRUCTION TO REMAIN (GROSS) 52,052 S F S U B - T O T A L PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION ( N E T ) 14, 040 S F S U B - T O T A L PARKING 27 CARS 100 Covered Open TOTAL S U B - T O T A L GROSS A R E A 126 127 CARS 14. 88 ACRES �SOUTH COMPONENT D E T A C H E D HOUSES - G E N E R A L O F F I C E R S ' EXISTING: QUARTERS 13 DU @ 2.0 D U / A C R E (net) 1.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 10. 9 A C R E S 26,466 SF 5,584 11 DU @ 2,406 S F (gross) 2 DU @ 2,792 S F (gross) SUB-TOTAL Parking: SUB-TOTALS 6 1 1 2 ••- 2 4 4 5 car car car car 506 S F - 1,006 S F 952 S F - 1, 850 S F Garage Garage Garage Garage 32,050 SF 3,036 SF 1,006 952 3,700 Units Unit Unit Units 8,694 SF 30 CARS 13 Miscellaneous Recreation Facilities: PROPOSED: 13 DU @ 1.1 D U / A C R E (net) 2.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 5.9 ACRES 27,300 SF 2,100 S F (net) Parking: 13 CARS 3,120 S F 13 Attached Garage Units @ 1 car 240 S F 8 Miscellaneous Recreation Facilities S E M I - D E T A C H E D HOUSES - SENIOR O F F I C E R S ' EXISTING: 8 DU @ 6.5 D U / A C R E (net) 4.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 3,910 S F (gross) Parking: PROPOSED: 1 Garage Unit @ 5 cars 1,850 S F QUARTERS 1. 9 ACRES 15, 640 S F 5 CARS 1,850 SF 32 DU @ 3.9 D U / A C R E (net) 2.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 1,670 S F (net) 53,440 S F 127 �Parking: 16 Attached Garage Units @ 2 cars 400 S F 32 CARS 6,400 SF SUB- •TOTAL EXISTING CONSTRUCTION TO REMAIN (GROSS) 58,234 SF SUB- T O T A L PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION ( N E T ) 90,260 SF SUB- T O T A L PARKING 80 CARS Covered 40. 12 ACRES SUB- T O T A L GROSS AREA SUMMARY T O T A L EXISTING CONSTRUCTION TO REMAIN 110,286 SF T O T A L PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION 104,300 SF GRAND T O T A L T O T A L EXISTING HOUSING UNITS General Officers Senior Officers TOTAL T O T A L PROPOSED HOUSING UNITS General Officers Senior Officers 214,586 SF 24 DU 8 DU 32 DU 19 DU 32 DU TOTAL GRAND T O T A L T O T A L PARKING - GARAGE UNITS 51 DU 83 DU 56 CARS 51 Existing Proposed TOTAL T O T A L GROSS AREA 128 107 CARS 55. 00 ACRES �F A M I L Y HOUSING SOUTH COMMUNITY AREA I - ROWHOUSES - F I E L D GRADE O F F I C E R S ' PROPOSED: QUARTERS 221 DU @ 8.7 D U / A C R E (net) 4. 1 D U / A C R E (gross) 49.32 ACRES @ 1,400 S F (net) for 4 BR Units 1,354 S F (net) for 3 BR Units ( Unit mix to be determined ) A R E A I I - ROWHOUSES - NCO QUARTERS EXISTING: PROPOSED: 300 DU @ 9. 1 D U / A C R E (net) 6. 8 D U / A C R E (gross) 41 DU @ 10.6 D U / A C R E (net) 6.4 D U / A C R E (gross) 43.97 ACRES 6. 40 ACRES @ 1,250 S F (net) for 4 BR Units 1,080 S F (net) for 3 BR Units 1,000 S F (net) for 2 BR Units ( Unit mix to be determined ) TOTAL 341 DU A R E A I I I - ROWHOUSES PROPOSED: - NCO QUARTERS 326 DU @ 10.5 D U / A C R E (net) 5.8 D U / A C R E (gross) A R E A IV - COMPANY GRADE O F F I C E R S ' PROPOSED: 55. 89 ACRES QUARTERS 286 DU @ 10.8 D U / A C R E (net) 6.0 D U / A C R E (gross) @ 1,361 S F (net) for 4 BR Units 1,250 S F (net) for 3 BR Units 1,080 S F (net) for 2 BR Units ( Unit mix to be determined ) 47. 55 ACRES �T O T A L SOUTH COMMUNITY 203.13 ACRES 1, 174 DU EXISTING: Open 377 CARS PROPOSED: PARKING Open @ 1 CAR/DU Covered @ 1 C A R / D U Open @,,5 C A R / D U 41 833 437 TOTAL NORTH 1,688 CARS COMMUNITY A R E A V - NCO & E N L I S T E D MENS' QUARTERS - MIXED BY C L U S T E R PROPOSED: 301 DU @ 9. 8 D U / A C R E (net) 5.8 D U / A C R E (gross) @ 1,250 1,080 1,000 ( Unit 52. 18 ACRES S F (net) for 4 BR Units S F (net) for 3 BR Units S F (net) for 2 BR Units mix to be determined ) A R E A V I - NCO & E N L I S T E D MENS' QUARTERS PROPOSED: T O T A L NORTH - MIXED BY C L U S T E R 387 DU @ 9. 5 D U / A C R E (net) 6.2 D U / A C R E (gross) 61. 88 ACRES COMMUNITY 114.06 ACRES 688 DU 130 PROPOSED: Covered @ 1 C A R / D U Open @.5 C A R / D U 688 CARS 344 TOTAL PARKING 1,032 CARS �SENIOR NCO HOUSING AREA D E T A C H E D HOUSES - SENIOR NCO QUARTERS PROPOSED: 3 DU @ 3.0 D U / A C R E (net) 1.8 D U / A C R E (gross) 1,670 Parking: 5,010 S F (net) 3 Detached Garage Units @ 2 cars 400 S F SF 6 CARS 1,200 SF 15,600 SF NCO Club Parking: 1. 67 ACRES 21 CARS Open 9. 13 ACRES T O T A L GROSS A R E A RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Softball Field 1 OPERATIONAL MARINA AREA EXISTING: 280 SF 1,066 6,308 1,200 Crash Boat Crew Station Marine Maintenance Boat Storage Boat Storage SUB-TOTAL PROPOSED: 16,200 SF Marine Maintenance Shop TOTAL Parking: 25,054 SF 27 CARS Open T O T A L GROSS AREA 8,854 SF (including Marina) 14. 43 ACRES 131 �SOUTH F A M I L Y R E C R E A T I O N AREA PROPOSED: Family Recreation Center Exterior Recreation Facilities: Swimming Pool Wading Pool Playfields Picnic Grounds PARKING: 14,400 1 1 72 Open 23. 64 GROSS AREA SF CARS ACRES NORTH F A M I L Y R E C R E A T I O N AREA PROPOSED: Family Recreation Center Exterior Recreation Facilities Swimming Pool Wading Pool Playfields Picnic Grounds PARKING: Open 14,400 1 1 132 24. 70 GROSS AREA SF CARS ACRES TROOP R E C R E A T I O N A R E A PROPOSED: Exterior Recreation Facilities: Softball Fields Tennis Courts Basketball Courts Volleyball Courts Baseball Field Football Field PARKING: Open GROSS AREA 132 5 8 8 16 1 1 204 37.31 CARS ACRES �NORTH R E C R E A T I O N AREA PROPOSED: (ADJACENT TO JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL) Exterior Recreation Facilities Softball Fields Basketball Courts Volleyball Courts PARKING: Open 1 4 8 16 19. 11 GROSS AREA CARS ACRES JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL PARKING: GROSS AREA 68 CARS 24 Open ACRES D E F E N S E O F F I C E BUILDING Building Area (gross) Office Space (net) 2,800,000 1,522,000 SF PARKING 1,000,000 SF - 3 levels GROSS S I T E AREA 109.93 ACRES 133 ��APPENDIX II �T R A F F I C ANALYSIS Basic assumptions in determining peak hour traffic volumes entering and leaving the Base were as follows: 1. Assumptions regarding the exterior freeway system and employee trip distribution were based on the Voorhees study of 1965 for the Defense Office Building as shown on Figure I . 2. Existing peak hour traffic volumes were determined from cordon counts conducted in December 1971. These are shown in Figure II. To do this update of traffic conditions, a line was drawn around Boiling A i r Force Base including the Naval Research Laboratory. A l l traffic crossing this cordon line was counted for both in and out movements. The counts were taken on the same day from 6:30 to 9:00 A. M. and from 4:00 to 6:00 P. M. In addition, intersection counts were taken at Portland Street, Chesapeake Street and the NRL Interchange (Laboratory Road). These counts, showing a l l existing turning movements for both A. M. and P. M. peak hours, are diagrammed in Figures 6 through 13. The cordon counts were used in forecasting future volumes; the intersection counts were used to develop required future modifications to intersections at each entrance. It was assumed that traffic destined for NRL entered and exited at the Chesapeake and Laboratory entrances. 3. Using the existing counts, the following factors were developed for projecting the external evening peak hour traffic generated by the expanded base facilities: Non-resident parking spaces Residential family Resident non-family Community Center - 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 4 trip/parking space outbound 06 trip/parking space inbound 50 trip/unit inbound 25 trip/unit outbound 25 trip/unit inbound 125 trip/unit outbound External (outside of base) 450 trips inbound and 450 outbound Internal (on base) 450 trips each way between Community Center & residential areas. Table I indicates future external trips resulting from these factors. 136 �4. No increase in traffic volume was assumed for N R L . 5. The above ratios were used to project the traffic generated by the end position base loading shown in the Master Plan. Table I I gives these volumes at the access points under several combinations of the alternative access distributions. Distribution " A - A " is assumed to be most representative of current conditions. The volumes at the access points and the traffic generated on principal external access routes is shown in Figure III. 6. The volumes generated by various areas of the base were assigned to the internal road system to develop the functional design shown on the Master Plan. Existing volumes plus generated volumes where applicable along with lane requirements are shown in Figures 4 through 13. The lanes shown for each intersection are sufficient to provide operations at design volumes as shown by the C R I T I C A L MOVEMENT TABULATION. 7. No effort was made to re-evaluate DOB traffic or access. 137 �TABLE I F U T U R E E X T E R N A L TRIPS TRIPS PM PEAK HOUR IN Res. Family - 2046 Units* Res. Non-Family 4576 Units L e s s Internal T r i p s 0. 50 1020 0. 25 0. 25 1140 -450 0. 125 Res. External T r i p s Non-Residential - 8319 Parking Spaces* OUT 500 570 -450 = 630 = 1710 0. 06 510 0. 40 3330 - 3960 Subtotal External Plus External Shopping = 2210 450 Total Ext. A. F . a Traffic Plus NRL Traffic (Existing) = 2660 305 = 4410 1960 Total Future T r i p s = 2965 = 6370 * 138 NOTE: 450 These numbers were used to develop generated traffic and trip distribution. Existing traffic used in the intersectional analyses was obtained from the intersectional counts. �TABLE II PEAK HOUR VOLUMES A T ACCESS POINTS UNDER A L T E R N A T I V E DISTRIBUTION ASSUMPTIONS* E X C L U S I V E OF N R L T R A F F I C DISTRIBUTION (Fig. I ) TOTAL IN OUT NRL I N T E R C H A N G E / CHESAPEAKE PORTLAND STERLING A A 7070 100% 1812 26% 2925 41% 2334 33% A B 7070 100% 1469 21% 2855 40% 2746 39% B A 7070 100% 1700 24% 2875 41% 2496 35% B B 7070 100% 1357 19% 2805 40% 2908 41% PORTLAND STERLING INCLUDING NRL T R A F F I C DISTRIBUTION TOTAL IN OUT NRL I N T E R C H A N G E / CHESAPEAKE A A 9335 100% 4077 44% 2925 31% 2334 25% A B 9335 100% 3734 40% 2855 31% 2746 29% B A 9335 100% 3965 42% 2875 31% 2496 27% B B 9335 100% 3622 39% 2805 30% 2908 31% 139 �ALTERNATIVE A ALTERNATIVE B �Existing Peak Hour T r a f f i c Entering and Leaving Base X X X P .M . Peak Hour ( X X X ) A .M . Peak Hour Source: Counts by T r a f f i c Consultant ��Generated Volumes on External Road System and at Base Access Points - P .M . Peak Hour 1 1 Based on Distribution Alternative AA �SPINE- PORTLAND C R I T I C A L . M o v e M e ^ TAfcOUATiow �PORTLAND-W. DUNCAN 145 �NRL CRITX^AU MOVEMESJT TAftOtAllONl AA 146 �NRL AA 97 CRfTICAU M O V E M E N T TABUlAnoO �8 CHESAPEAKE C R i T i a L MCVENieMT W^LATIONJ 148 �CHESAPEAKE B9 CRITICAL- MCV&MQOT l^THXAnoM AA 149 �10 AA 150 PORTLAND �PORTLAND AA 911 �912 FIRTH STIRLING CRITICAL. MOV6MI5MT W ^ - X A J ' O K i AA 152 �FIRTH STIRLING 013 MOVEMENT TATUXWOti AA 153 �APPENDIX III �APPENDIX I I I A F - NAVY CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM S I T E PREPARATION AND DEMOLITION SCHEDULE PROJECT SCOPE * NCO Club 19000 S F * DOB Phased * Composite Exchange (NAF) Bowling Alley LS 13532 S F Utilities LS VOQ 200 MN Auto Maint. & Veh. Parking 38400 S F Library 8800 SF * * * (l) Supply Warehouse * 100,000 S F Supply Open Storage Theatre (NAF) LS 500 Seats 9000 SF 60000 S F Motel (125 units) 63000 S F AVY Re ctn. Hobby Shop Navy Exchange Warehouse (2) * Z 156 1974 1973 Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish structures, prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish Bldgs. 416, 417, 418, 419, 421, 426, 427, 428. Prepare site, extend utilities & access rd. Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . , check elec.power supply Demolish Bldg. 520, prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish structures 727,160 & 158, prepare site, extend utilities and access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish Bldg. 520, prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish structures T - 4 , 155, prepare site, extend utilities & access rd. Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . �PROJECT SCOPE Band Practice 90000 S F NCO Academy (3) 7000 S F Civil Engr. 40000 S F Civil Engr. Open Storage LS F i r e Station 4 ST Utilities NCO Club Add'n. Rectn Courts (NAF) LS 7000 S F LS LS NAVY Car Care Center (NAF) Filling Station 2600 S F Add'n to NPC 14000 S F * Admin. Bldg. 180, 000 S F * Dormitory 500 MN Utilities Swimming Pool (NAF) Child Care Center (NAF) Site Development Public Works Shop LS 12332 S F * * * * NAV * 10500 S F LS 122, 210 S F 1975 1976 Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . check elec.power supply Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . , check elec. power supply Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Provision made in 1973 Remove DOB f i l l prepare site Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish structure 171, prepare site Prepare utilities Prepare utilities site, extend & access r d . site, extend & access r d . Prepare utilities Prepare utilities site, extend & access r d . site, extend & access r d . Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . 157 �PROJECT SCOPE * Marina Facility (4) LS * Clothing Sales Post Office Education Center Utilities Adminis tration Bldg. 10, 600 S F 6,500 S F 19,800 S F LS 90,000 S F VOQ 200 Men T L Q (NAF) Ready Issue Warehouse (5) 60 units 352, 910 S F USN/USMC Reserve T r a i n ing Center 84,000 S F * * * * * * Addn to Dispensary/ Dental Clinic Conference Center 40,000 S F Dormitory Commissary 1, 376 Man 96,000 S F * Administration Facility Gymnasium 540, 000 S F 158 UNPROGRAMMED Demolish structures 925,928,924,950, prepare site Prepare site Prepare site Prepare site Demolish structures 19,515,516,517,518, Prepare site Demolish Structures 422,424,425,429,431, 54. Prepare site, extend access r d s . Prepare site Demolish Structures 157,151,16l( ), 150, 154,155,164,156,162, 163(5), prepare site 5 * * * 1977 45,000 S F Prepare site, extend utilities and access r d . Demolish Structure 17 Demolish Structure 415. Remodel Hangar #1 Prepare site Relocate from Hangar #2 Demolish Structures 5,16,14 . Prepare site Relocate Commissary from Hangar #2 . R e model Hangar #2. Structure 15 can then be demolished to allow parking structure construction �r * * * * * * * Dining Hall Addition Chapel Req'd. upon Dormitory Completion Prepare site, construct in connection w . north elementary school complex LS Parking Structures Utilities VOQ Mogas Storage Site Development Family Rectn Center (NAF) Senior Officers Housing Other Housing Three structures on spine road can be phased as req'd. Two structures on Duncan A v e . require demolition of structures 10, 11,12, 502,13, 41,15, 504, 503,501,500. Also structures 3 , 8 , 9 , 4 3 . Structure 15 cannot be demolished until Commissary is r e located. 700 man LS LS LS LS LS Prepare site Prepare site Prepare site, extend utilities & access r d . Demolish structure 626 upon completion of composite exchange, demolish structures 409,410,412 upon completion of admin. space Demolish m i s c . structures, remove trailer park, relocate HMX-1, prepare sites, extend utilities & access rds , Navy/Air Force Joint Utilization Footnotes: 1 . ) May be combined with NCO Academy. 2.) W i l l demolish NPC storage facility prior to programming NPC replacement. 3 .) May include L i b r a r y . 4.) Retain sewage pumping station. 5 .) New Pepco substation must be in place . * 159 ��BIBLIOGRAPHY �B A L T E R , Robert B. (Soil and Foundation Consultant, Inc. ) Housing Area. Boiling A i r Force Base, Washington, D. C. May 1968. F I F T Y - S E V E N T H CONGRESS, F I R S T SESSION, S E N A T E REPORT NO. 166 The Improvement of the Park System of the District of Columbia. 1906. F R E D E R I C K , Ralph H. "The Climate of Washington. " Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Vol. 54 (1964), pp. 183-191. H A Y E S , S E A Y , M A T T E R N AND M A T T E R N (Architects and Engineers) Subsurface Investigation Report. June 1971. Boiling A i r Force Base, Washington, D. C. KLING, Vincent G. and Associates (Architects) Comprehensive Development Plan Bolling/Anacostia Military Activities, Boiling A i r Force Base, Washington, D. LUCKMAN, Charles and Associates (Planning-Architecture/New York, Los Angeles) and PARSONS, BRINCKERHOF, QUADE & DOUGLAS (Consulting Engineers, New York) Master Plan. Soils and Foundation Study. Boiling A i r Force Base, U. S. NavaT Station, Washington, D. C. August 1962. 162 �MUESER, R U T L E D G E , WENTWORTH & JOHNSTON (Consulting Engineers, New York) Report on Site Development for Foundations. November 18, 1966. Anacostia/Boiling Survey Area. NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION Elements of the Comprehensive Plan for the National Capital. 1968. POTOMAC PLANNING TASK F O R C E , Report of T H E POTOMAC. Prepared for the Department of the Interior by the Potomac Planning Task Force, assembled by the American Institute of Architects. United States Government Printing Office. Washington, 1967. SHANNON & WILSON, INC. (Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineer) Foundation Investigation. Defense Office Building. Boiling A i r Force Base, Washington, D. C. Seattle, Washington, November, 1967. UNITED S T A T E S DEPARTMENT OF T H E ARMY, CORPS OF ENGINEERS Flood Protection of the U. S. Naval Station, Boiling A i r Force Base, U. S. Botanic Garden and the District of Columbia Tree Nursery. Operation and Maintenance Manual. U. S. Naval Station and Vicinity. Washington, D. C. Section I , Project Information. 163 �UNITED S T A T E S DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Environmental Data Service) Local Climatological Data. Annual Summary with Comparative Data. Washington, D. C. , National Airport, 1970. The Climatic Handbook for Washington, D. C. "Weather Bureau Technical Paper No. 8" United States Government Printing Office. Washington, 1949. UNITED S T A T E S DEPARTMENT OF D E F E N S E A Proposed Plan for Department of Defense Facilities in the National Capital Region. March 1971. UNITED S T A T E S DEPARTMENT OF T H E INTERIOR (Bureau of Outdoor Recreation) The Potomac - A Model Estuary. July 1970. UNITED S T A T E S DEPARTMENT OF T H E NAVY Civil Engineering Design Manual Number NAVFAC DM-5. January 1969. Facility Planning Factors for Naval Shore Activities Number NAVFAC P-80. January 1967. Master Plan for Navy and Marine Corps Facilities in the National Capital Region. WARD, Joseph S. and Associates (Consulting Soils and Foundation Engineers) Report on Preliminary Soils and Foundation Investigation. Housing Boiling A i r Force Base, Washington, D. C. 91 Roseland Avenue, Caldwell, New Jersey. February 1965. 164 �n n ��CREDITS K E Y E S , LETHBRIDGE & CONDON, A R C H I T E C T S AND PLANNERS Francis D . Lethbridge, F A I A , Partner-in-Charge C o l d e n l ' H . R . Florance, A I A , Project Director Anne Vytlacil, A I A , Project Coordinator Patricia K . C . Schiffelbein, A I A , Architect, Urban Planner Nguyen duy Tcim, Urban Designer Robert T . Segrest, Urban Designer Crawford W. Campbell, RIBA, Planner, Landscape Architect Graphic Design Patricia K . C . Schiffelbein, AIA T . Jacob Pearce SASAKI DAWSON DEMAY ASSOCIATES, I N C . , LANDSCAPE A R C H I T E C T S Stuart O . Dawson, Partner Paul Gardescu, Partner Timothy Coppola, Project Coordinator CONSULTANTS DAVID V O L K E R T AND ASSOCIATES, Engineering Allan MacPherson George H . Obear Raphael de los Reyes A L A N M . VOORHEES AND ASSOCIATES, I N C . , Transportation Planning Stephen Petersen John Callow GLADSTONE ASSOCIATES, Economic Consultants Christopher Weeks GEORGE SCHERMER AND ASSOCIATES, Human Relations Consultants George Schermer ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolling Anacostia master plan, Washington, D.C. Subject The topic of the resource Bolling Air Force Base (Washington, D.C.) Naval Station Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Land use--Washington (D.C.) Description An account of the resource Please note: This report includes irregularly-sized pages. If the report is not visible, try scrolling to the right or left or using the zoom in (+) or zoom out (-) functions in the PDF viewer window. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Keyes, Lethbridge and Condon (Firm) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 1972 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/ce29dbe235601c71b8f2f0e902095a14.pdf?Expires=1773878400&Signature=J-Im7j-I7UXD5oko7HA7j0H40zYJw5I-rVNw-23wJuYACCcwNIbPVFznYuqV2nAWgnH-yJFgqiVuV60Gac%7Eckq43DV7XUSiIgn3ID%7EfoL--cKMqEUAZ3kXxHYYXsLzRSBkQOqT5qOdmzogzz0H5C-aFSzFKBEA5j5isjWvp%7EhjOymvvkB1cc2OmpCEeGNrsJBE0XorpPn5J-z5%7EOCvf3t-pZyG0lgwhroKiGq8oicvOnIkvtJT9BDbxH44iVhisX2whhQKxRt5m8GO5cmIHJVE0iisM5BZPH9c1vwaGVSAT8kg8KANQ9W3BZDmb5GYCkg5OahMz-fgt2gUuA9FMWdg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f94ec53a232f8672aaccfe6798a494c6 PDF Text Text RENAISSANCE Government of the District of Columbia Marion Barry J r . , Mayor Department of Housing and Community Development Robert'L. Moore Director January 1982 �CONTENTS Page I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Introduction 1 Community C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s 2 Strategy 5 Supporting A c t i v i t i e s and A n a l y s i s 9 Housing P r i c e s , Target Population and Investment Program Execution ..13 14 Appendices Appendix I : DHCD A c t i v i t i e s i n Ward 8 from January 1979 Appendix I I : Appendix I I I : Appendix IV: Appendix V: 18 Major A c t i v i t i e s by Other D i s t r i c t Agencies i n Ward 8 24 Planned and E x i s t i n g Section 8 Moderate and S u b s t a n t i a l R e h a b i l i t a t i o n P r o j e c t s i n Ward 8 30 Projected L o c a l Employment and Tax Revenue Generated by the Program 33 Permits f o r New Construction i n Ward 8 35 Appendix V I : Condominium Conversions i n Ward 8 37 Appendix V I I : Apartment Improvement Program Description Tenant Purchase Assistance Program Description. Appendix V I I I : 39 Maps 43 DHCD A c t i v i t i e s C a p i t a l Improvement Program Vacant Buildings i n Ward 8 Section 8 R e h a b i l i t a t i o n E x i s t i n g P u b l i c and Subsidized Housing... Appendix I X : Photographs ..49 �ALABAMA AVENUE RENAISSANCE I. Introduction The Alabama Avenue Renaissance, named a f t e r the major corridor through the Ward 8 community i n f a r Southeast/Southwest Washington, i s a comprehensive e f f o r t to improve housing and stimulate community development i n an area with the most severe economic problems i n the District. The program has four major o b j e c t i v e s : 1) to s u b s t a n t i a l l y i n c r e a s e the a v a i l a b i l i t y of homeownership opportunities i n Ward 8; 2) to create t r a i n i n g opportunities and new jobs i n housing r e h a b i l i t a t i o n , management s e r v i c e s and maintenance i n the area with one of the highest unemployment r a t e s i n the D i s t r i c t ; 3) to encourage c r i t i c a l commercial and p r o f e s s i o n a l s e r v i c e s to locate i n Ward 8; and 4) to improve the investment environment. The i n i t i a l focus of the program i s to bring back into a c t i v e use the many vacant and boarded housing u n i t s which are one of that community's most s e r i o u s problems, as w e l l as one of i t s greatest resources. The 2,200 vacant and boarded housing u n i t s c o n s t i t u t e n e a r l y 10 percent of Ward 8's housing stock. Housing and Community Development To date, the Department of (DHCD) has been s u c c e s s f u l i n securing commitments f o r r e h a b i l i t a t i n g over 800 vacant u n i t s through the HUD Section 8 r e n t a l a s s i s t a n c e housing program, with Housing Finance Agency and p r i v a t e s e c t o r involvement. Over 500 u n i t s have a l r e a d y been r e h a b i l i t a t e d under the HUD Section 8 s u b s t a n t i a l r e h a b i l i t a t i o n program. �2 The F i s c a l Year 1983 appropriated budget request of $5.0 million i s to provide funds which w i l l allow the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of 200 vacant u n i t s and provide home purchase a s s i s t a n c e for 100 of these 200 vacant u n i t s and an a d d i t i o n a l 100 other u n i t s by the end of 1983. These funds, along with a c q u i s i t i o n funds from e x i s t i n g resources, w i l l a l s o provide f o r the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n and s a l e of about 200 u n i t s i n each succeeding year under present economic assumptions, with p o t e n t i a l a c c e l e r a t i o n of the program i n future f i s c a l years. II. Community C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s Ward 8 covers the southern part of the D i s t r i c t east of the Anacostia R i v e r . I t has few major businesses or employment centers and i s located away from routes frequently t r a v e l e d by most area residents. I t i s , therefore, r e l a t i v e l y i s o l a t e d from much of the C i t y . The Ward's population trends show a d e c l i n i n g t o t a l population at the same time as there i s an i n c r e a s e i n households, person p a r t i c u l a r l y one- households: — Between 1970 and 1977, the population declined by 17 percent from 94,400 to 77,900. — Between 1970 and 1977, the number of households increased by 3 percent to 26,000, i n c l u d i n g a 2,000 increase i n one-person households. — One-third of female-headed households i n the D i s t r i c t are located i n Wards 7 and 8. Socio-economic s t a t i s t i c s show Ward 8 to face some of the most s e r i o u s problems i n the D i s t r i c t : — The unemployment r a t e of 10.3 percent i n October 1981 was f a r above the citywide average of 8.5 percent. — I n 1977, 41 percent of two or more person households i n the ward earned l e s s than $10,000 per year, n e a r l y the highest percentage of lower-income f a m i l i e s i n the c i t y . �3 Only 9 percent of such households earned over $25,000 per year. T h i s i s one-half the percentage f o r the Ward with the next smallest proportion of higher-income households. — I n 1981, Ward 8 had the highest number of Medicaid, Food Stamp and AFDC r e c i p i e n t s of any ward. — I n 1977, the 6,760 f a m i l i e s r e c e i v i n g AFDC a s s i s t a n c e i n Ward 8 was the highest number of any ward i n the c i t y and represented one out of every four households. Sixty-nine percent of AFDC r e c i p i e n t s i n the ward, or 4,664 f a m i l i e s , were female-headed households. The following graphs portray r e l a t i v e socio-economic conditions among the D i s t r i c t ' s wards: —' 1/ P r i m a r y d a t a s o u r c e s f o r t h i s s t u d y a r e : U.S. Bureau o f t h e Census U.S. Department o f Housing and Urban Development, D.C. O f f i c e o f P l a n n i n g and Development, "A P e r s p e c t i v e on t h e D i s t r i c t o f Columbia and t h e E i g h t E l e c t i o n Wards", t h e D.C. Department o f Housing and Community Development, D.C. Department o f Human S e r v i c e s and D.C. Department o f Employment S e r v i c e s . �4 Ward 8's housing stock includes many deteriorated deteriorating units. and The 2,200 vacant u n i t s are frequently concentrated i n groups of buildings which are a severe b l i g h t on the surrounding neighborhoods. Concentrations of vacant and boarded buildings extend along a corridor s e v e r a l blocks on e i t h e r side of Alabama Avenue. such u n i t s are s c a t t e r e d throughout the ward. Other A l l or major portions of such large housing developments as Congress Park, G a r f i e l d H i l l s , A t l a n t i c Gardens, Wheeler Terrace and Potomac View, are vacant and e i t h e r boarded or l e f t open. Frequently, properties have been held by owners for tax advantages, allowed to run down, and have become uninhabitable. I n addition, Ward 8 has a high concentration housing. subsidized Over 2,000 u n i t s of public housing, some 1,400 Section 8 a s s i s t e d housing and about 1,800 HUD of u n i t s of u n i t s subsidized under the 236 and 221(d)(3) programs, for a t o t a l of 5,200 subsidized are located i n the Ward. are subsidized. Thus, about o n e - f i f t h of the u n i t s i n the ward S t r i k i n g l y , only 4,100 of the 24,600 u n i t s i n Ward 8, or 17 percent, were owner-occupied i n 1977, average of 34 percent. units, compared to a citywide T h i s leaves a t o t a l of n e a r l y 15,000 r e n t a l u n i t s , with many i n need of r e h a b i l i t a t i o n . The area s u f f e r s from not only vacant u n i t s but a l s o from aging, neglected and decaying b u i l d i n g s . But more importantly, the area s u f f e r s from a lack of d i r e c t i o n for recovery, with most f i n a n c i a l interventions i n the s o c i a l s e r v i c e and/or public a s s i s t a n c e category that most l i k e l y have kept the area from massive s o c i a l d e t e r i o r a t i o n . �5 There i s a s e r i o u s lack of commercial and entertainment f a c i l i t i e s i n Ward 8. Only a s i n g l e chain grocery store i s located i n the ward, v i r t u a l l y no r e s t a u r a n t s other than f a s t food shops, no movie theaters and only s c a t t e r e d small shopping strips. Many r e s i d e n t s must drive to Maryland to obtain b a s i c s e r v i c e s , producing a s i g n i f i c a n t drain of job producing income and a c o n s i s t e n t tax l o s s from the D i s t r i c t to our s i s t e r s t a t e . The s e r i o u s housing shortage, high unemployment, economic leakage into Maryland and e s c a l a t i n g s o c i a l cost make t h i s Ward 8 s t r a t e g y c r u c i a l to the recovery of t h i s important s e c t i o n of t h i s community. A high crime r a t e , a lack of income and r e s i d e n t i a l i n s t a b i l i t y have produced considerable d i s i n c e n t i v e s to p r i v a t e investment. A recent study by DHCD estimated that more than h a l f of a l l expenditure for goods and s e r v i c e s are made outside of the area. Despite the negative socio-demographic data, the gross income of the area i s estimated to be s l i g h t l y more than $600 m i l l i o n . While t h i s l e v e l of gross income i s low compared to other Wards i n the D i s t r i c t , and includes s u b s t a n t i a l t r a n s f e r payments, i t i s c r i t i c a l that t h i s income be captured w i t h i n the Ward to c r e a t e more jobs. III. Strategy The gross income, combined with a growing amount of F e d e r a l and D i s t r i c t funds, can be u t i l i z e d c r e a t i v e l y to achieve progressive goals for the area. Ward 8. The program proposed h e r e i n w i l l provide a d i r e c t i o n for Over time, four b a s i c s t r a t e g i e s are required to make progress �6 i n Ward 8. stock. F i r s t , every e f f o r t must be made to s t a b i l i z e the housing The Department has a l r e a d y s t a r t e d an Apartment Improvement Program (AIP) described i n Appendix V I I to a s s i s t owners of r e n t a l apartments to s t a b i l i z e , r e h a b i l i t a t e and refinance t h e i r buildings i n partnership with tenants. A tenant a s s i s t a n c e program has been s t a r t e d (Appendix V I I ) to a i d the purchase of developments by r e s i d e n t s . A new neighborhood shopping center has been a s s i s t e d by the Department and an e x i s t i n g center r e h a b i l i t a t e d . A tenant-developed condominium has been completed and a new townhouse development f o r lower-income r e s i d e n t s has been occupied with the new homeowners r e c e i v i n g U percent mortgages. T h i s program o f f e r s as i t s f i r s t phase a concentrated e f f o r t to improving the a v a i l a b i l i t y of moderately priced homeownership housing u n i t s c u r r e n t l y o f f the market. utilizing This s t r a t e g y w i l l not only help those needing s t a b i l i t y i n t h e i r housing, but w i l l r e t a i n f a m i l i e s earning near middle income i n Ward 8, who w i l l be the base f o r c r u c i a l economic development a c t i v i t i e s . The second s t r a t e g y i s employment enhancement. The d i r e c t funding of t h i s e f f o r t with D i s t r i c t resources, combined with forthcoming housing development loans w i l l generate an estimated 1,100 jobs. T h i s program proposes to implement p o l i c i e s to ensure that a large percentage of these jobs go to Ward 8 r e s i d e n t s . To a s s i s t t h i s e f f o r t , the Department w i l l work with p r i v a t e owners and developers on job t r a i n i n g and placement as the p r o j e c t s move toward execution. The t h i r d s t r a t e g y has to be one of stimulating s e r v i c e and commercial development of the kind that i s h i g h l y labor i n t e n s i v e . The development of improved r e t a i l , food and s e r v i c e business i s c r i t i c a l to �7 s e r v i c i n g the e x i s t i n g population. T h i s s t r a t e g y i s necessary not only to r e t e n t i o n of e x i s t i n g population, who rank the a v a i l a b i l i t y commercial f a c i l i t i e s high when choosing housing l o c a t i o n , but a l s o to capture the s u b s t a n t i a l income flooding out of Ward 8. The capture and r e c y c l i n g of t h i s income i s important to any hope of reducing unemployment i n the f u t u r e . The fourth s t r a t e g y i s one of improving the investment climate i n the area. Currently, Ward 8 i s i n an e x c e p t i o n a l l y poor competitive p o s i t i o n for the s u b s t a n t i a l investments now being made i n the District. While o f f i c e space development, an improved r e t a i l core and the Convention Center w i l l help the C i t y as a whole, including Ward 8, the i n c r e a s i n g problems of the area w i l l overwhelm t h i s progress unless a c t i o n i s taken. The D i s t r i c t i s taking the lead i n t h i s investment s t r a t e g y i n the area, and every e f f o r t must be made to work i n a partnership with the p r i v a t e sector, c i t i z e n s , churches and other Ward 8 groups. While the funds requested i n t h i s proposal may seem meager, they can be leveraged and combined with current commitments to produce a reasonable amount to begin, and i f the e f f o r t i s continued over three years, with $8 m i l l i o n i n F i s c a l Year 1984 and $10 m i l l i o n i n F i s c a l Year 1985, i t w i l l y i e l d dramatic r e s u l t s . The Alabama Avenue area was s e l e c t e d because of i t s s t r a t e g i c route through Ward 8. The Avenue's mix of vacant m u l t i f a m i l y buildings, struggling entrepreneurs, s t a b l e homeownership areas, schools, p u b l i c housing, f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e committed f o r a d d i t i o n a l subsidized housing, planned Metro s t a t i o n and s u b s t a n t i a l opportunities f o r jobgenerating commercial development, can provide a f o c a l point for a new beginning. �8 I f one subscribes to the theory that the whole i s the sum of i t s p a r t s , then the development of Ward 8 strengthens the e n t i r e c i t y . progam proposes no s p e c i a l treatment or p o l i t i c a l preference for the ward. This position The condition of t h i s area a f f e c t s the e n t i r e C i t y p o s i t i v e l y or negatively. T h i s proposal requires a multiyear commitment of resources to have a q u a n t i f i a b l e impact. However, the gains f a r exceed the expenditure i n r e a l return i n terms of an improved tax base, and a reduction of the high l e v e l of s o c i a l t r a n s f e r payments; but human improvement dimension c l e a r l y outweighs a l l other Between 1970 and 1977, 1,300 housing inventory, a 46 percent the considerations. ownership u n i t s were added to Ward 8's increase over those seven years. As of August 1981, only 78 u n i t s i n f i v e buildings had converted to condominium ownership. T h i r t y - f o u r of those u n i t s were i n the Elmwood South Condominiums, a DHCD p r o j e c t . (66 The People's Coop on Elvans Road u n i t s ) and Cole Gardens (66 u n i t s ) have received DHCD a s s i s t a n c e to convert to tenant cooperative ownership, and Southern H i l l s tenants are c u r r e n t l y working with the Department to purchase t h e i r building of 250 units. Some of the c i t y ' s most a t t r a c t i v e neighborhoods are located i n Ward 8. The spectacular views of Downtown, the monuments and other parts of the c i t y and suburbs from the many h i l l s i d e s are a s p e c i a l a t t r a c t i o n of the area. Many of the vacant u n i t s are i n a t t r a c t i v e , sound s t r u c t u r e s i n pleasant neighborhoods. Construction of the Metro's Green L i n e w i l l add an important transportation l i n k to other parts of the C i t y . �9 IV. Supportive A c t i v i t i e s and A n a l y s i s U n t i l the l a s t s e v e r a l years, the Ward 8 community had received a r e l a t i v e l y small share of community development a s s i s t a n c e . This was i n part because the old urban renewal program focused on the c e n t r a l c i t y area. None of the urban renewal areas or p a r c e l s acquired was i n Ward 8. The cumulative development cost of current and completed urban renewal p r o j e c t s of over one b i l l i o n d o l l a r s has a l l been on s i t e s west of the Anacostia R i v e r . Since January 1979, a s e r i e s of major development a c t i v i t i e s has begun i n that community, as shown i n Appendix I and on the map i n Appendix V I I I . Among these a c t i v i t i e s are the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of 34 u n i t s a t Elmwood South f o r s a l e as condominiums, f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e i n converting to cooperative ownership to the People's Coop, construction of S e c t i o n 235 townhouses a t Wilburn Mews and construction of the Wheeler Road and C l a y P l a z a shopping f a c i l i t i e s . The r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of Skytower, Parklands, Stanton Oaks, Barnaby Manor and Hunter Pines Apartments f o r r e n t a l to lower-income noted i n Appendix I I I . persons has a l s o been completed as The F i s c a l Year 1983 C a p i t a l Budget submitted to the Council includes a request for $9,000,000 f o r comprehensive modernization of Highland Dwellings and the F i s c a l Year 1982 C a p i t a l Budget contains $14 m i l l i o n f o r modernization of B a r r y Farms public housing. The tables and maps i n Appendices I I and V I I I provide information on current major a c t i v i t i e s of other D i s t r i c t agencies i n Ward 8. Throughout the ward there are new schools and r e c r e a t i o n centers. Together, these a c t i v i t i e s begin an Alabama Avenue Renaissance. �10 The Alabama Avenue Renaissance has as i t s focus providing a d d i t i o n a l housing and the jobs a s s o c i a t e d with housing production by bringing vacant u n i t s back onto the housing market. Already, under the Section 8 s u b s t a n t i a l r e h a b i l i t a t i o n program, commitments have been obtained for housing a s s i s t a n c e payments to s u b s i d i z e r e n t s a f t e r the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of some 700 housing u n i t s . I n addition, over 500 u n i t s i n the same p r o j e c t s w i l l be r e h a b i l i t a t e d for market r a t e housing. These include major r e h a b i l i t a t i o n a t Parkchester, Congress Park, Wheeler Terace, A t l a n t i c Gardens, and Potomac View. As p r e v i o u s l y noted, 185 housing u n i t s a t Parklands and Skytower, have been r e h a b i l i t a t e d , as have 204 u n i t s at Hunter Pines E a s t and West, 12 a t Stanton Oaks, and 124 a t Barnaby Manor, for a t o t a l of 527 u n i t s . One hundred twenty-five u n i t s i n four p r o j e c t s at Chesapeake S t r e e t , Yuma S t r e e t , Elvans Road (People's Coop) and Stanton Road which are i n poor condition but occupied w i l l be r e h a b i l i t a t e d through the HUD still Section 8 moderate r e h a b i l i t a t i o n program. These f i g u r e s can be summarized as follows: W R 8 RESIDENTIAL REHABILIATION AD Current Commitments Vacant Units i n P r o j e c t s with S e c t i o n 8 Rehab Commitments 800+ - Occupied/Deteriorated Units i n P r o j e c t s with S e c t i o n 8 Rehab Commitments 1,150 T o t a l Vacant and Occupied Units with Rehab Commitments 7 1,950+ —/ Exact f i g u r e s cannot be stated because Section 8 rehab commitments are to e n t i r e b u i l d i n g s , but not n e c e s s a r i l y for a l l the u n i t s i n these b u i l d i n g s . I n some cases b u i l d i n g s are only p a r t i a l l y vacant. �11 W R 8 RESIDENTIAL REHABILITATION AD New (cont'd.) Plans and Completed Planned Rehab o f Additional Vacant Units by End o f FY 83 with New Funds Completed Rehab Units To Date 200 3/ 527 DHCD i s requesting from the Council an appropriation of $5 m i l l i o n i n F i s c a l Year 1983 to a s s i s t i n bringing 200 vacant u n i t s into use i n that year, and a s i m i l a r number i n each year, based on present economic assumptions. housing succeeding Three m i l l i o n four hundred thousand d o l l a r s w i l l be used for financing r e h a b i l i t a t i o n . One m i l l i o n s i x hundred thousand d o l l a r s w i l l be used f o r providing a s s i s t a n c e under the Home Purchase Assistance Program to q u a l i f y i n g lower-income f a m i l i e s to buy the r e h a b i l i t a t e d u n i t s and others i n Ward 8. Funds from the F i s c a l Year 1982 appropriated a c q u i s i t i o n budget w i l l be used to purchase the u n i t s . Home purchase a s s i s t a n c e funds w i l l be provided to q u a l i f y i n g lower-income f a m i l i e s . I t i s our i n t e n t i o n to provide these u n i t s for homeownership because of the r e l a t i v e l y small proportion of homeowners i n the Ward. The 1,400 vacant u n i t s to be brought on the market under present commitments are p r i m a r i l y r e n t a l , and i n large part subsidized, housing. We believe that a better balance of ownership opportunities 3/ Additional u n i t s to be r e h a b i l i t a t e d annually with returns from s a l s e s . As r e h a b i l i t a t e d u n i t s are sold, the funds expended for t h e i r a c q u i s i t i o n and renovation w i l l be returned to the Department. These funds w i l l then be used to acquire and r e h a b i l i t a t e a d d i t i o n a l u n i t s . �12 along with subsidized housing i n c r e a s e neighborhood stability, encourages a g r e a t e r income mix and strengthens the e n t i r e community. We w i l l seek to acquire u n i t s i n neighborhoods where DHCD and other D i s t r i c t government a c t i v i t i e s are planned or underway, so as to further strengthen these communities. Part of the Department's F i s c a l Year 1982 acquisition appropriation w i l l be used i n part to purchase the f i r s t group of units. From the $5 m i l l i o n present appropriation request, $3.4 million w i l l be used to provide construction financing to r e h a b i l i t a t e the f i r s t units. When these u n i t s are completed and s o l d , the money w i l l be returned to the Department through a revolving fund for use i n purchasing and r e h a b i l i t a t i n g a d d i t i o n a l housing u n i t s . The remaining $1.6 m i l l i o n of the appropriation w i l l be used to provide homeownership a s s i s t a n c e i n Ward 8 under the Home Purchase A s s s i s t a n c e Program. Based on experience, we expect t h i s w i l l provide a s s i s t a n c e for 200 f a m i l i e s to purchase homes i n Ward 8 by the end of 1983- Preference w i l l be given to those who purchase the homes r e h a b i l i t a t e d under the program. These funds w i l l a l s o be used to reduce the cost of other s a l e s housing to induce a d d i t i o n a l p r i v a t e sector involvement. Resources w i l l be leveraged from the Housing Finance Agency and from p r i v a t e lenders to obtain construction and permanent financing for additional units. We b e l i e v e that with our commitment and that of the Council, there w i l l be a compelling case f o r leveraging these a d d i t i o n a l resources to strengthen the program. �13 V. Housing P r i c e s , Target Population and Investment Together with the commitments to bring vacant u n i t s back into use under S e c t i o n 8 and Housing Finance Agency programs, the Alabama Avenue Renaissance w i l l bring into a c t i v e use by the end of 1983 about 1,000 of the 2,200 vacant u n i t s i n the ward. As the 200 ownership u n i t s r e h a b i l i t a t e d by DHCD are sold, the proceeds w i l l be returned to the Department through a revolving fund to be used again to bring a d d i t i o n a l u n i t s back to the market. The D i s t r i c t ' s commitment, w i l l , we believe, stimulate p r i v a t e developers to r e h a b i l i t a t e other housing u n i t s i n the area at a moderate cost a t t r a c t e d i n part by Home Purchase A s s i s t a n c e funds. Housing u n i t s produced for both condominium and cooperative homeownership under t h i s program are expected to s e l l for between $20,000 and $35,000. These projected p r i c e s are based on the a n t i c i p a t e d savings to be derived from the Department's financing of r e h a b i l i t a t i o n construction and the community's involvement the renovation a c t i v i t y . i n some of F a m i l i e s earning between $12,000 and $26,000 per year w i l l be the primary group for which the homeownership u n i t s w i l l be targeted, with Home Purchase A s s i s t a n c e Program funds a v a i l a b l e to a s s i s t them to purchase u n i t s . of Ward 8's population. These f a m i l i e s are about 50 percent The 9 percent of Ward 8 f a m i l i e s earning over $25,000 per year w i l l a l s o be a market for these u n i t s with a higher repayment schedule r e l a t e d to t h e i r income. While the emphasis w i l l be on two- and three-bedroom u n i t s , the a c t u a l unit mix w i l l be determined market demand. by a more d e t a i l e d a n a l y s i s of the F o r t y - f i v e percent of the Ward's population i s one- and two-person households. �14 VI. Program Execution A. J o i n t Venture The program w i l l be implemented i n concert with neighborhood organizations, tenants* a s s o c i a t i o n s , churches, and other groups who e x h i b i t a commitment to b u i l d a housing development c a p a c i t y . The impact area i n general s u f f e r s from a l a c k of i n s t i t u t i o n a l c a p a b i l i t y to redevelop housing. One d e s i r a b l e outcome i s to build s e v e r a l groups' understanding and s k i l l i n development so that there i s a r e s i d u a l c a p a c i t y to continue the production e f f o r t on a b a s i s that i s managed and coordinated by the community i t s e l f . Each p r o j e c t w i l l begin with an indigenous organization j o i n t venturing with the Department and a p r i v a t e contractor/developer to produce a well-defined plan for the development. Community-based organizations who w i l l be p a r t i c i p a t i n g w i l l be required to make a f u l l commitment to t r a i n i n g area r e s i d e n t s to develop new s k i l l s . A f u r t h e r commitment w i l l be required to a s s i s t i n reducing f i n a l c o s t s so that these savings may be pssed on to the purchase. organizations w i l l be required to a c t i v e l y p a r t i c i p a t e i n : The 1) i n i t i a l clean-up and s e c u r i t y of the vacant property; 2) i n t e r i o r demolition; 3) maintenance of grounds and t r a s h removal; 4) marketing and s e l e c t i o n of purchasers; and 5) homeownership counseling. Contractor/developer w i l l be s e l e c t e d on the b a s i s of: 1) past q u a l i t y performance during and a f t e r construction; 2) commitment to h i r e and t r a i n unemployed target area r e s i d e n t s ; 3) acceptable bid p r i c e ; and 4) a b i l i t y to work i n harmony with a program of t h i s nature. �15 The Department w i l l be a f u l l p a r t i c i p a n t i n the j o i n t venture by carrying out: 1) program planning; 2) property a p p r a i s a l s ; 3) a r c h i t e c t u r a l design and review; 4) f i n a n c i a l packaging; 5) construction i n s p e c t i o n ; and 6) subsidy a l l o c a t i o n as appropriate. While these functions are to be c a r r i e d out by the r e s p e c t i v e venture p a r t i c i p a n t s , each p a r t i c i p a n t w i l l f u l l y share i n the d e c i s i o n making process on an equal b a s i s . B. Cost Reduction The income d i s t r i b u t i o n i n Ward 8 r e q u i r e s that homeownership u n i t s be completed at a cost that r e f l e c t s a no f r i l l s approach. that sense the progam i s designed to help area households"enter homeownership market for the f i r s t time i n a b a s i c u n i t . In the Therefore, the program proposes to keep r e h a b i l i a t i o n amenities at a minimum, but to u t i l i z e a l l techniques for energy and maintenance e f f i c i e n c y to minimize future i n c r e a s e s i n operating c o s t s . C. Citizen Participation E a r l y i n the planning process a Program Advisory Task Force w i l l be organized by the leadership i n Ward 8. T h i s Task Force w i l l fully p a r t i c i p a t e i n g o a l - s e t t i n g , program review, targeting s p e c i f i c buildings for p a r t i c i p a t i o n and resource development. The Task Force w i l l meet r e g u l a r l y with the various venture partners to monitor progress and to report to the D i r e c t o r of DHCD any or a l l recommendations for program improvement. J o i n t venture organization model and j o i n t venture development p h a s e ^ i l l u s t r a t i o n s follow: �16 �17 VII. Conclusion The jobs and investment that are generated through these a c t i v i t i e s w i l l strengthen the community and b e n e f i t i t s r e s i d e n t s by improving the economic base necessary to s u s t a i n adequate housing and community f a c i l i t i e s . Over 400 c o n s t r u c t i o n jobs and over 1,100 jobs i n other i n d u s t r i e s w i l l be created by the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n a c t i v i t y alone. Over $6 m i l l i o n i n p r i v a t e mortgages to the Ward 8 community can be generated as the i n i t i a l 200 u n i t s a r e purchased, with a d d i t i o n a l p r i v a t e investment leveraged as more u n i t s are r e h a b i l i t a t e d and s o l d . Over $1.2 m i l l i o n i n new tax revenues annually to the D i s t r i c t are projected. The Mayor has asked a l l D i s t r i c t agencies to work c l o s e l y together to plan t h e i r a c t i v i t i e s and resource commitment to the Ward 8 community to ensure that the goals of the Alabama Avenue Renaissance are achieved. Employment opportunities, r e c r e a t i o n f a c i l i t i e s , commercial and shopping f a c i l i t i e s , crime, health and educational s e r v i c e s are among the i s s u e s being addressed. The Council's support w i l l ensure that these goals can be achieved. �18 Appendix I DHCD A C T I V I T I E S IN WARD 8 FROM JANUARY 1979 �19 DHCD ACTIVITIES IN W R 8 FROM JANUARY 1979 AD I. PUBLIC HOUSING MODERNIZATION A. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1. Highland Dwellings M O A t l a n t i c S t r e e t , S.E. O Funding Source: HUD ($212,000) A c t i v i t i e s : Entrance Doors No. of Units: 203 2. Sheridan Terrace Sheridan Road between Howard and Pomeroy Roads, S.E. Funding Source: HUD ($446,346) A c t i v i t i e s : B o i l e r renovation and window replacements No. o f Units: I 8 3 3. B a r r y Farms 1230 Sumner Road, S.E. Funding Source: C a p i t a l Improvement Program (CIP) ($300,000 approximatel y) A c t i v i t i e s : Gas l i n e s replacement No. of Units: 432 TOTAL UNITS: B. 818 SUBTOTAL ($956,346) CURRENT ACTIVITIES 1. V a l l e y Green 1101 V a l l e y Avenue, S.E. Funding Source: HUD ($2,384,921) A c t i v i t i e s : 46 u n i t s rehab and improvements for 23 public s t a i r s and entrances No. o f Units: 351 2. Sheridan Terrace Sheridan Road between Howard and Pomeroy Roads, S.E. Funding Source: HUD ($375,800) A c t i v i t i e s : Improvements to grounds No. of Units: 183 3. Highland Addition 8th, 9th, and V a l l e y Avenue, S.E. Funding Source: HUD ($391,152) A c t i v i t i e s : Hot water and e l e c t r i c a l system improvements No. o f Units: 246 �20 4. B a r r y Farms 1230 Sumner Road, S.E. Funding Source: HUD ($25,000) A c t i v i t i e s : Upgrade u t i l i t i e s No. of Units: 432 TOTAL UNITS TO BENEFIT: C. 1,212 SUBTOTAL ($3,176,873) PLANNED ACTIVITIES 1. Highland Dwellings 400 A t l a n t i c S t r e e t , S.E. Funding Source: CIP (FY '83) ($9,000,000) A c t i v i t i e s : Comprehensive modernization No. of Units: 208 2. Highland Addition 8th, 9th and V a l l e y Avenue, S.E. Funding Source: CIP (FY 8 4 ) ($8,595,000) A c t i v i t i e s : Comprehensive modernization No. of Units: 246 f 3. B a r r y Farms 1230 Sumner Road, S.E. Funding Source: CIP (FY '82) ($14,410,500) A c t i v i t i e s : Comprehensive modernization No. of Units: 432 TOTAL UNITS TO BENEFIT: 886 SUBTOTAL ($32,005,500) I I . HOUSING PRODUCTION A. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1. S i n g l e Family Rehab Loans (3 u n i t s a t $121,081)* 2318 Shannon Place, S.E. 1879 Savannah Place, S.E. 1973 Alabama Avenue, S.E. 2. Emergency Repair Loans (4 u n i t s a t $92,320) 1901 Savannah Place, S.E. 1903 Savannah Place, S.E. 1905 Savannah Place, S.E. 733 Upsal S t r e e t , S.E. 3. Deferred Payment Loans (4 u n i t s a t $29,292)* 1875 Alabama Avenue, S.E. 1901 Savannah Place, S.E. 1903 Savannah Place, S.E. 1905 Savannah Place, S.E. •Number l i m i t e d by HUD-imposed moratorium. �21 4. Rehab Construction Loans to Developers (2 p r o j e c t s a t $3,292,496 Elmwood South Condominiums 100 Danbury S t r e e t , S.W. No. of U n i t s : 34 a t $ 1 , 3 9 2 , 4 9 6 NOTE: A t o t a l of $ 1 . 7 m i l l i o n public funds i s expected to r e s u l t i n $2 m i l l i o n i n p r i v a t e investment. Skytower Apartments 1000 Wahler Place, S.E. No. of U n i t s : 9 1 a t $ 1 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 5. B u i l d i n g Repair Fund (No. of Units N/A a t $384~,738) 6. S o i l E r o s i o n T e c h n i c a l A s s i s t a n c e and Surveys (3700 s i t e evaluations a t $225,000) 7. Property A c q u i s i t i o n ( 3 properties a t $1,098,000) Danbury Apartments (Elmwood South Condominiums) 100 Danbury S t r e e t , S.W. No. of Units: 34 a t $335,000 733-737 A t l a n t i c S t r e e t , S.E. and 820 Barnaby S t r e e t , S.E. No. of U n i t s : 69 a t $347,000 215-225 Newcomb S t r e e t , S.E. No. of Units: 63 a t $416,000 8. Urban Homesteading (5 properties a t $ 1 0 2 , 3 8 5 ) 421 Xenia S t r e e t , S.E. No. of Units: 1 a t $ 3 2 , 1 3 3 401 Savannah S t r e e t , S.E. No. of Units: 1 a t $ 2 0 , 0 9 2 125 M i s s i s s i p p i No. of Units: 1 $18,810 1003 Savannah S t r e e t , S.E. No. of Units: 1 a t $14,250 1347 Morris Road, S.E. No. of Units: 1 a t $17,100 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS: B. 307 a t $ 5 , 3 4 5 , 3 1 2 CURRENT AND PLANNED ACTIVITIES 1. Emergency and R e h a b i l i t a t i o n Loans 1905 Savannah P l a c e , S.E. (current request of $ 1 , 8 5 0 ) 2. Development of Knox H i l l for mixed use ($20 million+ development). 3. Building 4. S o i l Erosion T e c h n i c a l A s s i s t a n c e 5. Other ongoing program a c t i v i t i e s . Repairs �22 III. HOMEOWNERSHIP/ANTI-DISPLACEMENT A. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS Home Purchase A s s i s t a n c e ($1,340,721) 1. Wilburn Mews 4th and MLK Avenue, S.E. No. o f Households: 29 a t $610,337 2. Elmwood South Condominiums 100 Danbury S t r e e t , S.W. No. of Households: 8 a t $51,351 (Additional commitments: $340,000) 3. Scattered B e n e f i c i a r i e s No. o f Households: 3 1 a t $339,033 F i r s t Right Purchase ($278,800) 4. People's Coop 2430 Elvans Road, S.E. No. o f Households: 66 Coop Conversion T e c h n i c a l A s s i s t a n c e ($159,830) 5. Cole Gardens Tenant Association 2800-2802 Jasper Road, S.E. No. o f Households: 66 6. Southern H i l l s Tenant A s s o c i a t i o n Fourth S t r e e t , S.E. No. of Households: 250 Home Counseling ($240,000) 7. Far Southeast Community Organization Weatherization ($17,000) 8. Insulation No. of Households: 17 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS BENEFITTED: 1,540 a t $2,035,551 �23 IV. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT A. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS Innovative Grant (Commercial) 1. Wheeler Road Shopping Center Construction Wheeler Road and Wahler Place, S.E. $103,000 Innovative Grant with $437,000 leveraging o f p r i v a t e d o l l a r s r e s u l t i n g i n a t o t a l development cost of $540,000. 2. Clay P l a z a Construction 2200 Alabama Avenue, S.E. $110,000 Innovative Grant TOTAL VALUE OF DHCD ACTIVITIES IN W R 8 AD T o t a l Completed T o t a l Current and Planned * $8,987,209 $35,182,373 * Does not include projected $20 m i l l i o n * Knox H i l l p r o j e c t . �24 Appendix I I MAJOR A C T I V I T I E S BY OTHER D I S T R I C T AGENCIES �25 ACTIVITIES BY OTHER DISTRICT AGENCIES IN W R 8 AD CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM (CIP) The following c a p i t a l improvements are scheduled for Ward 8. Those f o r FY '82 have been f i n a l l y approved J / ; those f o r FY '83 have been submitted f o r Council approval; other p r o j e c t s are proposed f o r FY '84 FY '88 2/. D.C. F i r e S t a t i o n — South C a p i t o l and A t l a n t i c S t r e e t s , s.E. — New F a c i l i t y (FY »82) Department of Transportation (FY '82) — (Bridge and S t r e e t Program) Bruce S t r e e t , S.E., Robinson S t r e e t - 200' south Newcomb St., S.E., 2nd S t r e e t - 4th S t r e e t Oakwood St., S.E., 2nd S t r e e t - 300' east Stanton Terrace, S.E., Bruce P I . - Alabama Avenue Trenton P I . , S.E., Brothers P I . - Raleigh S t . 9th St., S.E., V a l l e y Avenue - 150' south LeBaum St., S.E., Mellon S t . - MLK Avenue Barnaby Terrace, S.E., Wheeler Rd. - Wheeler Rd. E s t h e r P I . , S.E., MLK Avenue - F o r r e s t e r S t . Stevens Rd., S.E., F i r t h S t e r l i n g Avenue - Wade Road 9th St., S.E., V a l l e y Ave. - 300' south Wahler P I . , S.E., Wheeler Road - cul-de-sac Chesapeake St., S.E., Southern Ave. - 400' west Frankford St., S.E., 16th S t . - 18th S t . Livingston Rd., S.E., A t l a n t i c S t . - 1000' south 22nd S t . 4 Langston P I . , S.E. - Hartford S t . - Reynolds P I . Howard Rd., S.E., Bowen Rd. - High S t r e e t D.C. Department of Housing and Community Development (FY '82) Barry Farms: P u b l i c Housing Comprehensive.Modernization, Sumner Road, S.E. — O f f i c e of Business and Economic Development — Target Area Economic Development Fund f o r Martin Luther King, J r . Avenue/ Good Hope Road and Congress Heights/South C a p i t o l , along with s i x other target areas i n the D i s t r i c t . The funds are to be used i n f r a s t r u c t u r e improvements to further business development. 1/ Note that Department of Environmental S e r v i c e s has an approved p r o j e c t a t the Blue P l a i n s Water P o l l u t i o n Control plant which i s located i n Ward 8 but serves the whole C i t y . The p r o j e c t c a l l s f o r design and construction of a d d i t i o n a l primary and secondary and advance waste treatment f a c i l i t i e s , as w e l l as upgrading of e x i s t i n g facilities. �26 D.C. Department of Housing and Community Development — Highland Dwellings and Addition: Comprehensive Public Housing Modernization, 400 A t l a n t i c S t r e e t , S.E. (FY »83 - FY '84) D.C. P o l i c e Department — Seventh D i s t r i c t P o l i c e Stationhouse (new f a c i l i t y ) : Alabama Avenue and Knox Terrace, S.E. (FY »84 - FY '85) Department of Environmental S e r v i c e s — Trunk and Secondary Watermains: I n t e r s e c t i o n of Stanton Road and Alabama Avenue, along Alabama Avenue to Ninth S t r e e t , along Ninth S t r e e t to Portland S t r e e t , along Portland S t r e e t to Martin Luther King, J r . Avenue, along Martin Luther King, J r . Avenue to Brandywine S t r e e t , S.E. Department of Transportation (Bridge and S t r e e t s Program) (FY '83) Anacostia Freeway Metrorail S t a t i o n Access Douglass Road, S.E. Douglass Road, S.E. 22nd S t r e e t , S.E. Alabama Avenue, S.E. 13th S t r e e t , S.E. Brothers Place, S.E. South C a p i t o l S t r e e t , S.E. and S.W. Chesapeake S t r e e t , S.E. Second S t r e e t , S.W. F i r s t S t r e e t , S.E. Chesapeake S t r e e t , S.E. S i x t h S t r e e t , S.E. Suitland Parkway 2/ Note that Department of Environmental S e r v i c e s has a proposed project f o r FY '84 a t Blue P l a i n s Water P o l l u t i o n Control Plant located i n Ward 8 but serving the whole C i t y . The project c a l l s for completion of Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant a t 5000 Overlook Drive, S.W. �27 PUBLIC FACILITIES IN W R 8 AD Educational F a c i l i t i e s The following chart shows educational f a c i l i t i e s located i n Ward 8. The schools are noted according to name, type and enrollment capacity. The Ward contains one senior high school, three j u n i o r high schools and nineteen elementary schools. T o t a l enrollment capacity i s 22,379 students. Those schools with associated r e c r e a t i o n f a c i l i t i e s are a l s o noted. �28 Recreation Centers The following chart l i s t s r e c r e a t i o n centers located i n Ward 8. These f a c i l i t i e s are noted according to name, address, type and acreage. A l l are operated year-round. There are seven neighborhoodoriented r e c r e a t i o n centers, four major centers and f i v e community centers. The attached map shows s p e c i f i c s i t e s f o r the s i x t e e n r e c r e a t i o n centers. Name and Type NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS Ballou Congress Heights Address Acreage 4th & Trenton S t s . , SE. Alabama Ave. & Randle P I . , SE 15th S t . & M i s s i s s i p p i Ave., SE Alabama Ave. & Congress St., SE 2440 Shannon P I . , SE 3301 Wheeler Rd., SE Pomeroy & Stanton Rds.,.SE N/A MAJOR CENTERS: Douglass School Friendship Hart Johnson 2600 Douglass Rd., SE. 5600 L i v i n g s t o n Rd., SE. 601 M i s s i s s i p p i Ave., SE Bruce & Robinson S t s . , SE N/A 10.2 N/A 6.0 COMMUNITY CENTERS: Bald Eagle Barry Farms Douglass CC F o r t Greble Washington Highlands MLK Ave. & J o l i e t S t . , SW 1230 Sumner Rd., SE. 19th S t . & Stanton T e r r . , SE MLK Ave. & E l m i r a S t . , SW 8th & Yuma S t s . , SE 4.2 6.6 5.3 6.0 4.0 Green Malcolm X Savoy Terrell Wilkinson 4.4 3.0 7.2 .5 3.2 3.5 �29 PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN W R 8 AD Congress Heights Health Center 8th and Xenia S t r e e t s , S.E. D.C. V i l l a g e E l d e r l y Housing No. 2 D.C. V i l l a g e Lane, S.W. Hart Junior High School Dental C l i n i c 601 M i s s i s s i p p i Avenue, S.E. Community Care S o c i a l S e r v i c e Center 3234 15th Place, S.E. Congress Heights Decentralized S o c i a l S e r v i c e Center Wheeler Road and V a l l e y Avenue, S.E. Emergency Family S h e l t e r 2840 Hartford S t r e e t , S.E. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE CENTERS IN W R 8 AD Anacostia Job S e r v i c e Center 1217 Good Hope Road, S.E. Washington Highlands Job S e r v i c e Center 8th and Xenia S t r e e t , S.E. �30 Appendix III PLANNED AND EXISTING SECTION 8 MODERATE AND SUBSTANTIAL REHABILITATION PROJECTS I N WARD 8 �31 PLANNED AND EXISTING SECTION 8 MODERATE AND SUBSTANTIAL REHABILITATION PROJECTS IN W R 8 AD Moderate Rehabilitation 1. Chesapeake/Yuma Ltd. Partners 851-853 Yuma S t r e e t (34 u n i t s ) 838-842 Chesapeake Street 2. 400 Chesapeake S t r e e t (13 units) 3. 2430-2438 Elvans Road People's Coop (66 u n i t s ) Total Units - 113 U n i t s * *A11 are proposed and have FY '81 funding r e s e r v a t i o n s . Substantial R e h a b i l i t a t i o n — Current Vacant Units f o r Rehab Project Parkchester 94 Congress P a r k i / Subsidized Units f o r Rehab Rental or Sale Market Rate Units f o r Rehab 84 -0- Total Rehab Units 94 265 163 Wheeler T e r r a c e i / 75 113 -0- 113 A t l a n t i c Gardens 72 108 -0- 108 2/ Potomac View — Garfield H i l l s - / 235 398 215 128 93 93 -0- 93 Parklandsl/ -0- 84 10 94 Skytower?/ -0- 91 -0- 91 Hunter Pines^/ " -o- East West „ -0- - 312 , 440 - • 122 82 -0-0- 122 82 Stanton Oaks Apartments-?/ -0- 12 -0- 12 Wellington Park Apartments?/ -0- 68 -0- 68 Barnaby Manor—/ -0- 126 -0- 124 557 1,839 Totals - - 814 1,272 4/ i/HUD-held p r o j e c t s 2/project financing to be provided by DCHFA f o r a t o t a l of 533 u n i t s . V p r o j e c t s completed and occupied t o t a l 527 u n i t s . £/Total includes 677 new Section 8 units with FY '81 funds reservations i n p r o j e c t s that have not gone to c l o s i n g . Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (Area O f f i c e ) Weekly Status Report f o r Mortgage Insurance/Funding Reservations; DHCD. �32 ESTIMATED HOUSING SUBSIDY FUNDS COMMITTED TO W R 8 ANNUALLY AD Subsidy f o r P u b l i c Housing Units Subsidy f o r Section 8 S u b s t a n t i a l R e h a b i l i t a t i o n Units Subsidy f o r S e c t i o n 8 Moderate R e h a b i l i t a t i o n Units TOTAL* $4,032,000 $10,274,500 $40,000 $14,346,500 •Does not include s u b s i d i e s associated with Section 8 E x i s t i n g Housing C e r t i f i c a t e s , S e c t i o n 236 and Section 221(d)(3) p r o j e c t s . �33 Appendix XV PROJECTED LOCAL EMPLOYMENT, TAX REVENUE AND MORTGAGE LOANS GENERATED BY THE PROGRAM �34 PROJECTED LOCAL EMPLOYMENT, TAX REVENUE AND MORTGAGE LOANS GENERATED BY THE ALABAMA AVENUE RENAISSANCE Program Scope: I. Approximately 1200 r e n t a l u n i t s and 200 homeowneship u n i t s are to be r e h a b i l i t a t e d f o r a t o t a l of 1,400 units. EMPLOYMENT The r e h a b i l i t a t i o n a c t i v i t y noted above w i l l create a number of jobs i n construction and other i n d u s t r i e s . Estimates are based on the jobs generated per unit r e h a b i l i t a t e d . Construction ( . 3 2 jobs per u n i t ) - 448 jobs Other I n d u s t r i e s ( . 8 3 jobs per u n i t ) - 1,162 jobs TOTAL JOBS - 1,610 II. LOCAL TAX REVENUE During the f i r s t two years of the program, taxes w i l l be generated as the 200 homeownership u n i t s are sold. From the 200 s a l e s u n i t s : One-time recordation tax (2% maximum of $35,000 s a l e s p r i c e ) $140,000 Condo t r a n s f e r fee W of $35,000 s a l e s p r i c e ) $280,000 TOTAL TAXES AND FEES - $420,000 After the f i r s t two years of the program, property tax assessments on a l l 1,600 u n i t s w i l l generate s u b s t a n t i a l revenue. From property taxes 200 s a l e s u n i t s ($35,000 maximum assessment x $1.22 per $100 of assessed value) - $85,400 1,200 r e n t a l u n i t s ($35,000 maximum assessment x $2.13 per $100 of assessed value) - $849,000 TOTAL PROPERTY TAX AFTER FIRST TWO YEARS - $979,400 III. MORTGAGE LOANS GENERATED $30,000 x 200 = $6,000,000 Source of Jobs/Units Employment Assumptions: D.C. O f f i c e of Business and Economic Development; National Association of Homebuilders. �35 Appendix V PERMITS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION IN WARD 8 �36 PERMITS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION IN W R 8 AD YEAR 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981** DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1,946 836 573 1,799 1,264 447 1,987 2,148 2,579 1,757 2,686 18,022 (100$) 593 (100$) WR 8 AD 395 82 — — 11* 89 74 131 43 21 8 854 8 (4.7$) (1.3$) •1,055 Units were a l s o b u i l t on B o i l i n g A i r Force Base **January 1981 through October 1981 Source: O f f i c e of Planning and Development - "A Perspective on the D i s t r i c t of Columbia and the Eight E l e c t i o n Wards, 19701980." The Dynamics of Change "A Study of Demographic, S o c i a l , Income and Housing Trends — Implications f o r the Future." �37 Appendix V I CONDOMINIUM CONVERSIONS IN WARD 8 �38 CONDO CONVERSIONS IN W R 8 AD Recorded Condominium Conversions as of August 1981 1. 450 Xenia S t r e e t , S.E. 5 units 2. 400 Xenia S t r e e t , S.E. 5 units 3- 3415 5th S t r e e t , S.E. ( E a s t Gate) 22 u n i t s 4. 100 Chesapeake S t r e e t , S.E. 8 units 5. 100-126 Danbury S t r e e t , S.W. and 3401 South C a p i t o l S t r e e t , with Elmwood Condos. Total S.W. 34 units 74 u n i t s �39 Appendix V I I APARTMENT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM DESCRIPTION TENANT PURCHASE ASSISTANCE �40 APARTMENT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (AIP) The AIP i s a j o i n t e f f o r t of the D i s t r i c t Government, the lending community, the r e a l e s t a t e and property management industry, and neighborhood organizations to s t a b i l i z e m u l t i f a m i l y r e n t a l housing i n the D i s t r i c t . The purpose of the AIP i s to involve f i n a n c i a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , r e a l e s t a t e industry, c i t y government and community i n cooperative e f f o r t to f i n d s o l u t i o n s to the problems of given apartment p r o p e r t i e s . Solutions are i d e n t i f i e d through the t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e of the AIP s t a f f and through negotiations between owners, tenants and mortgagees of properties s e l e c t e d for treatment ( b u i l d i n g p a r t n e r s h i p ) . The building partnership, through c o l l e c t i v e bargaining, develops a building improvment plan which t y p i c a l l y would include: — needed r e h a b i l i t a t i o n to, at l e a s t , housing code standards; — tenant involvement i n the management process to the end of s t a b i l i z i n g the post r e h a b i l i t a t i o n condition of the property by giving tenants some p r o p r i e t a r y i n t e r e s t ; — maintenance — rent schedule, f r e e l y negotiated by the p a r t i e s i n consequence of the i n t e r i m exemption which the Housing Act of 1980 provides AIP properties from i t s T i t l e I I (Rent Control P r o v i s i o n s ) ; — financing. schedule; The goals of the AIP are to: — prevent displacement; — find ways to e f f e c t r e h a b i l i t a t i o n and p o s i t i v e changes i n management and maintenance; — show landlords that i t can make economic sense for them to keep t h e i r property as r e n t a l housing f o r e x i s t i n g tenants; — stimulate a return of p r i v a t e c a p i t a l to multifamily r e n t a l housing; «~ — — provide tenants with some control over t h e i r housing costs and l i v i n g conditions; improve neighborhoods by improving housing i n those neighborhoods. The AIP i s operated by an independent Board of D i r e c t o r s which includes c i t y o f f i c i a l s , lenders, r e a l estate/property management i n d u s t r y �41 r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s and community organizations, and s t a f f e d by the Department of Housing and Community Development. S t a f f provides for t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e i n : — f i n a n c i a l a n a l y s i s of apartment operations using a computerized r e a l estate investment a n a l y s i s model; — i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of construction and/or permanent financing or refinancing (packaging); — construction cost estimating, work write-ups, s p e c i f i c a t i o n s development, bid packaging and general contracting; — tenant — other areas, as needed, to s t a b l i z e apartment operation. organizing; �42 TENANT PURCHASE ASSISTANCE - PROGRAM OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 1. COOP SEED MONEY LOAN PROGRAM - Covers " s o f t c o s t s " of conversion of multifamily b u i l d i n g s from r e n t a l to cooperative ownership by the tenants. Provides loans to tenant a s s o c i a t i o n s where more than 50 percent of the member households are lower-income (defined by current S e c t i o n 8 r e n t a l income l i m i t a t i o n s ) . There a r e two types of loans: I n i t i a l Retainer Seed Money Loans - not to exceed $5,000 for reimbursement of a c t u a l expenses f o r lawyers, a r c h i t e c t s , organizers, a p p r a i s e r s , engineers, or a general development consultant; and Comprehensive Seed Money Loans - not to exceed 8 percent of the t o t a l development c o s t s of the p r o j e c t , to cover 50 percent of e l i g i b l e " s o f t c o s t " expenses. Seed money loans are made a t no i n t e r e s t , but become due a t the time the p r o j e c t r e c e i v e s permanent f i n a n c i n g . These loans a r e a v a i l a b l e only f o r l i m i t e d e q u i t y or low-yield cooperatives. 2. FIRST RIGHT PURCHASE PROGRAM - Provides loans to tenant a s s o c i a t i o n s converting to low-yield cooperative ownership, where 50 percent of the member households a r e lower income (as defined by the current Section 8 r e n t a l income l i m i t a t i o n s ) . There a r e s e v e r a l d i f f e r e n t types of loans, i n c l u d i n g : Prepurchase loans - short-term, noni n t e r e s t loans to a s s i s t the payment of earnest money deposits f o r purchase c o n t r a c t s . These loans are made on a matching b a s i s . Gap Financing Loans - short-term mortgage loans provided to make up the d i f f e r e n c e between the borrowing c a p a c i t y of the tenant a s s o c i a t i o n and the amount needed to finance a c q u i s i t i o n , rehab and marketing of the coop. 3. HOME PURCHASE ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (HPAP) - A v a i l a b l e to i n d i v i d u a l s or i n the name of a cooperative f o r i n d i v i d u a l members; provides a deferred payment loan not to exceed $16,000 to write down the money housing cost of an i n d i v i d u a l household to not more than 28 percent of the monthly household income. HPAP i s a v a i l a b l e to lower-income household, meeting the S e c t i o n 8 r e n t a l income l i m i t a t i o n s and on a p r i o r i t y b a s i s to d i s p l a c e e s . The household must commit a t l e a t $500 of personal a s s e t s to q u a l i f y for an HPAP loan. 4. REHABILITATION LOANS - Loans, both short-term and long-term, a r e a v a i l a b l e for the r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of tenant-purchased buildings i n community development areas and neighborhood s t r a t e g y areas, ON A VERY LIMITED BASIS. �43 Appendix V I I I MAPS . . . DHCD A c t i v i t i e s C a p i t a l Improvements Program V a c a n t B u i l d i n g s i n Ward 8 Section 8 Rehabilitation E x i s t i n g P u b l i c and S u b s i d i z e d ! Housing ������49 Appendix I X PHOTOGRAPHS �����D.C. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT O f f i c e o f P o l i c y , Planning and E v a l u a t i o n Kenneth S. C o l b u r n , A d m i n i s t r a t o r Muhammad A. S a b u r , Deputy A d m i n i s t r a t o r P h i l i p R. M i l l e r , Program P o l i c y A n a l y s t Lawrence S. P r e s s , C h i e f , P l a n n i n g and R e s e a r c h S t a n l e y S. Sherman, Urban P l a n n e r / A r c h i t e c t Nancy Z i v i t z , Urban P l a n n e r Dorothy C h e r r y , Urban P l a n n e r B a r b a r a S i l v e r m a n , Urban P l a n n e r Division Jeannette Johnson, A d m i n i s t r a t i v e and C l e r i c a l Support Graphics: Ron E l b e r t and S t a f f ; C h i e f , G r a p h i c s D i v i s i o n , O f f i c e o f A d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d Management 535-1260 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alabama avenue renaissance Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Housing rehabilitation--Washington (D.C.) Urban renewal--Washington (D.C.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Housing & Community Development Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 1982 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/2307577cf56d0eb7b5dead4fe350c270.pdf?Expires=1773878400&Signature=D5jsxcVV9Ikzr5%7ErGS24He8klvKm2u%7E3bXkGS0S9s78kJDtEc9dMJOcotZMrxjVaYP5tTt7mgCQxch%7E8I2Mf9yI77BTlXz8CSzLYbMmpqvTLAojG9L41kh-rY52GICttU1gt7bJncapYseH9lpJzNbYMh9UB-4Y-sKoWLuc%7Eo0SeJaeFHj2Dyt-EuAqOqM%7EPgquEJCx2cjmcc-n2T4jUgGucQ5JvW1SRSg3N1thxPVWqI6Jz4AAontle7BhUIyOxO3G3eTxrAYezt2LNom2J7Hv8QDZgWWJaaUTmCUcwfWxZqf%7EWAuiEuVmk6bw3MNWaW-RwvIUC6eFnpFr2NxDNnQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 78d7ef40dd0c2913a6268f3add23daaa PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cost estimate plan : Anacostia Metrorail station, Washington, D.C. Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Subway stations--Washington Metropolitan Area Description An account of the resource This document was found in the pages of <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/6309" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Public hearing RE: design-Interstate Route 266 : statements submitted for the record in lieu of personal appearance to supplement statements of: Monday, December 14, 1970; Tuesday, December 15, 1970; Wednesday, December 16, 1970, Washington, D.C.">Public hearing RE: design-Interstate Route 266 : statements submitted for the record in lieu of personal appearance to supplement statements of: Monday, December 14, 1970; Tuesday, December 15, 1970; Wednesday, December 16, 1970, Washington, D.C.</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 17, 1980 Rev. July 31, 1980 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Illustrations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DDOT Historical Reports & Other Documents Subject The topic of the resource Transportation--Research--United States Transportation--Planning Description An account of the resource District Department of Transportation's historical reports and other documents. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Historical reports and documents related to Anacostia in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Anacostia Anacostia Freeway Anacostia River Anacostia River Bridge Neighborhoods https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/f398467a77680209f0ad0e439d0da779.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=WMJTWLK%7E3u%7E03epbZhwvT-oalu2YVaCGmJd5vLlC26OOstcA%7EV3F622V46RtDU-Gtg4VrZQX6WomYxf9jJlfm0eIKK5jW87dKDyvsrBHhKZQOhiS6V830dpdXxyV2qapxKCVZ6UvNRFdOjOJoVyW1NdibyPevFvTv9SbxK2UjdH3FQ2%7ENyjDsbyhWxV4wfsVX3zcOEePBLGEFuAvYFYotkgCRqWLx6x5CyHIpRk7d5sSdJNL-YvzDz8m14LEhewP9pvUOoLE3scUik46OswLrVEWnx99nn0JeAS-s6eudF%7EghFyknNBmvxIoYXh-pCsCtHQt6I49aZC93hOoAU6tpw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7153e96040bc1b627139cd7a195403eb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 001 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Motor vehicles Construction projects Description An account of the resource Area relocated for stickfoot branch sewer looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 27, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/fcdee9f1e073c1e4512dbdb59a87a04c.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=KaXRQdFDMND9y9ZAKhrc7hjdulYy5ypw349aE2itBDHYpACOR4XkGkdnVJCUDQPp9zF2vQgDyy5NrxDCH5RVhOuH5MJAFAsjH-AbEPuYto3iZRpBgpX%7Ez4b%7Ehp63N8p6wwenwe5BXNhXkmrJG8xzlGvcYMcoq6aYJxbl%7EF-e4OJRGlKIigZ7q5rvUT68REm56wVyG-riZohyrhOjx5B%7EcDkupDz7PuhX6UIrh9ML%7E-9-cHAErhTb9OZ957BJQYuGffpJxQk-nawDY-CL2o1mN%7EP9h5j46dZbejFBaR52ana9m0cBtROMH6EbwTstVeJxmU-23BYLTqvyi9p1qqqa9w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6e6013ee9b908ead8b4495c342a77440 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 002 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Description An account of the resource Stickfoot branch sewer looking southeast from station 2+56. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 25, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/283496cd7513668cb5331ba04f33796f.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=pwGPwIKKuLVEotA8MBbkBkrKAFhaBA8pdWnBcqTqMC1adP6oru5ix4odl7Jnitq5zReMufEJOUUm7edIsmY9TWypMB8EBLt5J2ZMrQVcaYK2BJmiAJ0VSvco-zPL%7EEt0tc1DBI%7EAR%7Es2NrbG461y0gSS9-oYeSgtY1izXMxK6Wcc5Vfwk1phePJNRwpFMoChlsUkWLW9t%7EZvn0JyVWZ6Iycu9YqSt63gM0-4b71OcH07P4Vfm1XYoliqMyep4qlFDKgHy2ljv6CPEENfADuf4yWs-JAhDCbhjWD1MAQuSw7u3adDZQoGvFm7MyDGYeGB-Rk2Hr0NH8ib2zBUAlIZDA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 01ffca439968812fde69fdd614055c9b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 003 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Description An account of the resource Stick foot branch trunk sewer looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 24, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e3cd1c27dd030e71897ea4264fb6c248.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=hj0weRJaUH9PfWLWt3Zlo9E4YVWp9LbAQbVJPzdCxqq1rgT2cHU14XMT-Lo7BZtltOSqwFpDrnkDTCk5rBS7WBjkcSjZ8CIF%7EIJZyzgvl53-9BuKAeLC9lOh86DNgnD%7Ew%7EesyAAKGuYRpeUEKuhsOBGM62ZQd2MlFolRtlVICd9t2FaEIVSSE7rDrrFS%7Eq1-kLmIAsUgdirsk8NIHwZhlJ9owU5EpwHrPcqpI7osBcE%7E0LkP3AwiALJ9MMWFegIHZMNrL9O2VQC6F%7EiX%7EdK8sH7qv-rj7wwgXWsFDP303O6VJWBJQQV7f5GrJlFm%7EnPLHAxXwbLOr0dk06%7E0khQJXA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 098d9c059f1a71e9a1e9d770b2a6127a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 004 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Motor vehicles Description An account of the resource Trench for 24" sanitary sewer looking northwest Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 25, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/777c83ac6bcedd4950365432fd71ef08.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=csohSo%7EOt81i6h20oSK%7EkBjtpuFQJuNkO9xlzo4b4p3yJBfUKmGe1g9VUgxbnQIzNfpiLX4baD%7ESjIyxhCPADz-zAAT0-aAOetIGGbCkiYycYsQqEGbckcrS6fV2rpkINlfE18PWF5LOmpAUSHIMHujnhWvlyMtW-jVHuaPr7LZv1gdv9TQkGA86gt8EZwG07vPXPpZxJihVjQmAGCd%7E1AvxVP%7EOPTf%7E7zANDl4paN3hiAfFa-GumwOuwNmC4org7kvwUJbsBtbQWJpgk-7u%7Ezvk6jBkQ23-UBRCe3jBZHKva3-Y9butCVV7rqB3DziDqZ2D-VcChJ4sVLled17n9Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f26f20a56bb8588ba702c439a46dbe9a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 005 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Elevated highways Construction projects Description An account of the resource East piers looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 23, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d51ba954d9273ccbe681158ecf55c665.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=hIJ5dEyr8kWRUdGZSQoFlLTVHNCEwSu8jlZ0mzE5k5yHt9kLSkvEzRM9kVaR3NYR3vI71s5ltYD6J8H0Xmxujoo3%7Eo2IR8vz0bSuMlb6BVHbS9jpaodb3zzJnxg0ocod728IKJ1F0ullC1gXT9cMIBJZlALumC-dnGl5YkPYFefgR3xxCSfAEZlr01izEE5621Xcjb7RBt-mzIpyTRAVmhnQfh9j3b-9LGoUR7IAKl5A7HZ824CXlqVGsOJtABMV00SsE7wsjDta8wA7ysIEvLAAUvN8ZKL19QQnoqglxL2%7EG65ipC-RiqVI8vUgnEaNH0Os8WswAwOv3GyQHGFi9A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ca9a7fb5de3c64e0c280c95121d119cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 006 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource West piers looking west Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 23, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/20624a7db06ede4627e47afbab29e26a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=NnqlsQxlIhS%7ELK7zrI2iIdOwrAv223ofgfZMJFhjcLuAn4RaeawM4b73W9LaxlQQ6WiEqLCfoC%7EtHkAgT6mx1kwOEeOeoVgOs6h%7EYv%7EpHXrH3azOHPZfH%7EfHDTg13MBUTuXg7R0pgPWANfePsnEVOFcje5Smm5FOh00MrYT9WbW2oskjrEQ7SESgcVRTfHXEgcegdyzL5ByLUOQeM1FDueI9%7EaOE9vWCYotuZsKndVXhcU2jGcEr3BpG9oROpJ%7E9i2MGEQvsQhQ2Iuexj5YAHzac2T5Gi1erD5AfjgCZojBjyN2oAACUrxWxIMhJQZLffqkUX8bbvRMs7GG16dty8w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 3c04b999e9fdc1956b83dde5bcbc835c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 007 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Description An account of the resource Stickfoot branch trunk sewer looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 23, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/3fbcf79c31ab706ccad97893e796ce00.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=gg2fcj5ESFtfDWT-HvYCf8vAB8Q5uxSwCuMoznGRKQYOtF18CcKLIEwAkIJ8KvD5pR-Qo-NG4begatJkhi3ZL%7Ehn2zJYLdme5QoJCA1q7djWjuj8ntdhgMfR0hUuZGwnSmI63i4XoqIkbLmEDnPG%7Es-eC%7EtL93wtDoCKl350VGrGD0EInNf6rTG4s28XsfnTN75yJ4ArHufisNg-g5G6u1dqnKI9Bt1lXsrzYbAV-7wWATHp-Fn%7EQN%7EXGVxLUVdnmAHrUf0lCXzOlqGlLEzZeZPkb6Svoo0akwzg35tpOGR5kGDVB6YLv62GgQ%7EQMPwMs0OzzeGzMKCqh%7EnGyVI6jQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM fd42f40c737ae6a1a3bed902c853de71 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 008 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 24, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/785ce41414fab2ae97a9b9b671e04560.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=SK1%7EBVAUKglulFUBGmzq6P8fRqsBSpeGAcJQB5aZc-Priyfo7BQ57vuuPpBVHIRB%7EsklkagKq4JHHYxYFG%7ETibS2Fb0H0o%7ENyxKeOvJmz9Q8LKdAsUl8h-%7E7RnoCKck7At2F4JlNE8m1nOv4JQnY8dNVxEarKrmePjDPCPbUuyMwNDTHlssMStexxEfk9LdujRviWiuze9X-4HmneHJvNuLtnMTrEyWJQ2vRJdpI2VL%7Emgkx%7EMU5Fq3E-vvDM61Ca-L8gVmm3Cn4Ld1hvIR8vec0lUBhLtrlD3SHm2u9zac3h%7E9UnM6mcD10LqOcsSgksukA74Cb%7EDMRyFUVl8vpsg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9f18e7b3189e462f802df73b1b60b2fd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 009 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 24, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/007d33477864aa89b8001901f9ef6bf4.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=fC%7Eqkv9a8AKygnGjnhCzJBJeDrqIfk2PFNHbw6qYO87grptJXdV47R08UgrDf5jQS8EwTjPLKcAtMSSc68YDcseP5pUKRYH2kvV5QfY4qPrjTv6pyJjPhlhjuF6sW3K36mmYlQhRnHqM00tN2bHdvS-YJZ%7EeQAox00ROcE6Yeexe3p%7EgPoM6%7EocMjSfT6tGCRDw2Uj6xiD1SAs-y26NDFIsCw2R-PUvMQeOxp4NOWNgRaPf7mX2A8fgrPUBHjsPN%7ESZcG1%7EGFLKldk6iTzXrNYgtif9HfGeO0dj3Zu1nyz%7E7v85QtbLRqGOAzw-bMG597egJIALT1OfoD1%7E2Gf4jlQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 1305f559d214ff6a5b98975b7d25a3da Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 010 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 24, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e5ef13d06dd463cbebb5f6be5d1f0ce2.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=aVexOXBIrqZd8FwI66hQIZzlzsfcnqRwPrit83phofyBH4RjdmghYSiQmpLXRl6OEgQoqN%7EeeS4DFYMqkr%7EcUzbZXc7aIJ4e3PDPBU0PXmNfeGTCAHDGGeJfQHPa4AYnGW2JsRhMIUhzzPEcYx7PlNX5ly0OYjoIfwHVUUqerOFoHHlC5m2mboZtnhvCcVhkcfLqQZJbY67UulfAZw8ZJLNT6wR7KeqsRc3rsPT5sxgGB2rboL8D9N-PJErU4EBgbgd7lMaD-RPDYJVDyvZ5FpJDQF6Uvty-it583i1vyayMDvs952Kd0EsESJhD61bYXgBzuBB0JQIUP-Qw0xeI4g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 89bfb71d7014a2bd3c7ba7e71b8f2470 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 011 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 27, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/6cd2656676f9100e90ebb9c764361efc.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=hqgSbMq5PnAaPwwo4Wz06-stOfqQ6274O2-DRoEUYZVkIF7E-Nvzg3TOsG6oFsygUj1Xft2QEeuoV07iiXDMdYDQ9E8EQBoCQgw-V55Vl6wQtzwosQtJ4-u7CI6P7WgrK9a5l0zyU17k0Yv1EqZVcaDB8YqHokrBu6AOne-QSTO2G-dA8N9ygYwWZjP3V48lteEgqmp9w4cEazjdsMnigbdGGv3AaEvoh6rhUAGMjtv%7Ej5cwgccv%7ELBXjecPyDCeHCKwdtVkHMz-hoTAMeqDtfH-Sgfn1OOtw91PM-vze%7EFbwLeTAfCgAHIW5vkBdQAVkxSERGjj4RXuAZ7bFdC-RA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM be935c433ef207617752a4d7b1cdf4e3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 012 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource 24 inch sanitary sewer under Howard Road Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 24, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/be28fcc4a04f107ae5d6d36e36e812fb.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=QcZdS94Id2oPyoIfEKum0m5ru1u-eiQvK8AQjYZx6io0AImHaHFfKy80odfSlve9kuvUHrYiU0MflgsZnJbQGQCPu5ZDzftcxqXQrKWVM0pZAivGex7MXKuTPF2wVU3I1xvBeZeoOI79axG6nCckaPlHPBzfcR8LSfuQCa6HyiBVKFcARHBWc3tm2Xj-%7EiVRpzQBm6JEkDtSFgqzY7C7Cv5xdBHse-KvTrTz1h1n5P6HCIxpkI6zzXsUf0tL0OeaKeUXxpoll1%7E77%7En18ltlcwV9Cwnoivhv3WSSoCfbr524U%7EfmxsMSnKJVCc5B6eWNXJu3GeX5xz1UeJuMWaaxlw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d5e50b3d52283427ce8869610f51a131 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 013 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Motor vehicles Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 24, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/4dd7c2622b7d7e3395bcd06be3acad5c.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=THjLXqsdLMg0bCdTdzZzIVJKWVL8JReTxoWl1szyAA3n8RpW%7EFWLfv0L61AMjYy6Wo2ouB%7Eo01Mz2ZwMc1q38AKkD7lQZY-8DXRiJUDG5j%7EzoxgOzOERLjgV%7E0PuljjdXnJvhta1%7E%7EaZm%7E%7Ev%7EZG4ZrCqrERwF8QLSutOtO7rKbgBf51JikwoglxGSr3VFyAnJssSuRGg3sie1CTDwrq4snu8u81lW3bsQ9zLOIEywX35YwX2WIX%7E0--Eco-CtqSTi6RdgZ5Eu2u7nWdEdcdUCX3dyDrtFm7t9P6luZy57VqAlF1aGrB5vHfpDcJ-%7EJzM16bDmDqoRrI9y9H3lcB0RA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM b8179bb6a0e5fcf750870b4fc3772b45 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass 014 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource General view looking northwest Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 17, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Highways, Interstates, and Freeways Subject The topic of the resource Highways Freeways Interstate highways Description An account of the resource Photos of highways, freeways, and interstates in the District of Columbia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Construction Projects Elevated highways Description An account of the resource Photos featuring construction of the Anacostia Freeway - Howard Road Overpass located near the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-1964 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Anacostia Anacostia Freeway Anacostia River Construction Projects Elevated Highways https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/4d541f7160961469fe24448c469b0e18.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=sXZQvZ66q04-QPl2jYqSrcNL4XMxzMTO3Gm%7E17RHQWGTf7-I2Hd5oHou5gMcgfNLkTXQK8RZQFsw8NkiWxXWzmObyR6wYpg7M2obDjaF8BlyUQ32B%7E5c%7EPMa3L9XIUIN8r0ID28uydloHw6Xnc-aSwPyAUlDBB%7E0VHyfJjFeDN%7EOqfX6h3ndnrE5mQfpWagLNrulaLJg%7EGPzFnpGlNisJqXnH6-9NAW%7Eop8TclHF9Vo%7E-GUDjuHZ3RiD3pWTw53DrbboxH14EMKdeHZ7fyG67A%7EPd-yc8uJFJ2bGKF5dEcu1yiGcAR9AylC464TG-ZoBnzaWrmKDU0X4xzQxCjmzaQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f94b605444d68d93c71aad1ba34c79ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 001 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking west Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 18, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/490cb32feebe2d3f1d17d56d6c280f9a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=kvvBN2bre9CnqU93ID7oKtNDZtJU-Rh%7Eje%7EE2f-dKKHMet6Gvp98a3AqSM3GjPx2JdC0QufzWeLME4LwCzKGny3-khXWAF2jXFdhLI8PtAFuGkY5bK9Wq0JEt%7Eb219QIXDstIQYdhE2io8R2o0e5uZwttSuo3qdIl%7EJFZX-eC2SXHYxxS5BdbLvYlVek-2Ty3Gf8kFWi7SpdmOod40ipBeXEH2vegsPGLhRFFxLhFzVj3SeuQAaLppVq6tOMSxEjvsGsAvDKDX9Tkp943I8BktCh1QjQh55LjhuSZBnY7BJHjkpitvhIl%7EgEFj1wDkee58ypsOTIzF-0vCR--bIBqQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM aee3d4567610293906fa6c122664a7f7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 002 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 10, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/67f55727b01afcac32ea5927defebdad.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=CrWS0O%7EiDbaAsGNwu4YmYogiZ9gFAP7mIxU-YsC7KZZj6jf8FcMHcacBaLwQehJ67fvzdC1OivgjZIPzDFiLdWOdAhwnl3uf22QZnapJINbHJb-yq5-AL987gKpUTQbZ5bLHQjUeTuQVJsmas3XElUSKc8-pUH8h6AZKjX2Tal%7ELUTmApnFhytKPiSfCD6wGyeCMX6ZW71ygXTacRWVYZhpz9eCwpqgnOvOBpDxsqhWDs4lzRkM2ld2ObzKZTxhAAww3TFgSION1b8RKVNzZlZkuYveD1-oMtRd4zZXFXeQTsukSO5R67iY2FTnGUVtMjkx74nE-pOhhDxq1WEUuAQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 78572ff0d552f3ed1093ab68cd724c67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 003 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking north Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 13, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/b9a7524003c961f726bca196df2b9480.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=AqeC0i2ptqldxId2YGOXwlGU8iGPze6Z8GXdC4LAJkjlQcxq7-he3NUytepRLbebjKfx4RN-HXoacc3He%7Eosi8XFkKXKY4XxLevIQb13s9grt4AQII-89gZSVULd2TS5xSiiyqlucBALyAFzE3zSAZx5c9Nx51uhnz%7EHp3w2LIxUjVxg9OWUG83uA%7EJtSzOXGW2tHDYX64iQGSAQN9fYg-vr8b4vWNG6loaSttE9-lE1d04PnpzvxsNBgircTdGfwO7iXlRdlUIIeZyI3%7EoaNT8LKQs3Af7BPJ0-icpcXfUTuQEkx68%7EgO4pmAFgolEtxvc0zWuymMyBvkqyGeHb4w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7410dbcc130566a1b9006467010cec26 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 004 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 13, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/83b19c2a08a863a28c9412f62bef905f.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=fx4VFkleoOaVnQfnaudByxb4CUIsGwr42pVxqTPpSG5f2agrhOjVWf-7oM780DJosYjWPTf8GjKy2tHcvce1GTp89PKSITWWKb9g9H6Ii6Lk6ZN%7EnH%7EQ15-q2AFh86ZQeyNvRL-0f6HYbdZuoA5Vm6bUELt3Cnz%7ErFVDzZA8V5sbuPemfVDKMah7bfzdkdK9g3C1pdNAUIHl7nkzcuJOpcT7aDImrbVmAStFqpu7aMH-fBuf2NNWQ%7EXksuEr6SGOMIgOGV10VSODjuAQHEj%7EW60aeGv1VllFKeeVI1zrtuTmjZbT2Mxn0UOPIb2PGDRMdC1ZQ%7EvOPytsq1x8iIDOeQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7215512d8568041288470de2e168b073 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 005 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking east Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 13, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/bec07cc81591b9db7e9ed1c974cbde93.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=owtXv%7EjVvAIe3ecAmWR8ZELVr7v3lfXO39ax3nJVCpR620vPqC9Jd9uHlv3rQcZ8GXsy0AZH%7ED9wNFwI%7ElQgLqLDjXNeREq%7E2tZoKs-BZV9cMADgdYFqsN2uVgrrSbtHQkQaeNR%7EXsZZwlpyXHrN0Q-iwCWacTfZ-VKsWak988m4S2RZy-ivvMBqvYLQYAhBQHLokpGEvZl17ZYRsSGED-7aSbrvdn9YySVose8w8CiXvQ2hagkxHinur4GEh8M8RZyd2F66iQj5T1p8-4GbUGe22q8UAgRZWJvHvqpq4rlOpl9lgBAkb2d03p8Ezj9G53wCbnyWj7ZWyaRtgZMpFQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 31b3877955e2dbb775f13b705eaa3dd3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 006 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking west Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 13, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/13895e4842d727f0f64455264a0a5f05.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=Cihcp2IiGATOWCAdawjycCQBZZPztzI1qUYkWYJC6WoyQqI519LqmM-BpPlMobn9FTHfkw71HxyzxSfM8sNu6h%7EzkOO4MeUCLhUe7rPi90aQJq6iBzmDK%7E-5eBW88bPY8EGY0SdHi1JQldrCcOjOGubK9i3d%7E7kDkwwGDh4-1XWfbCpYGbphPOrW9Va3Zc6c88zsxek7srDPs4kL7ZyvnyeSMoYV5qGL4eDBbFXO6s%7E5CfXVUJKCU2vh47b3PBFqZqDfv9hieWanqdgH-qVzpiAYYxGzq78PYmnde4PdM4dG8o24YJFu1-ytCpif6mKYDi5MkV2Pizh0DKNJwO39ag__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 25e157df6d602027d8a1609c8c66bc3e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 007 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges John Philip Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking east Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 15, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/a6a58229ddf764191b56a48998c40ca1.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=IzFgZff77GoDgVjgk1NLiuFN9EgGPckfvepsqXBtXHCx68oEGGiRPOKdEfmeEyfhNvctsLm1cjLNmWgcQeAzFzGwrJMirvu0kr6pM74V8qL%7EjDLfORPonuYkkQ1TTF2Y5FMO35k4mGKvnofZYsAJ4H-SLtg4izM4qGhf4cYx8rsXva-h18PoGIIURomG3hWEgnDXGBSK1Ii3GZjqpTcI5rxEKqEyZeZb8Bm%7E7a209WXKTEI1UFvDZnya-nC%7EPM4LN9HpzAtYRv1HU-oguGbYxJznIf2EXQ0eoSaiZh2-deM1wvLsRAjmUU4JeIxGleCMJLJt20qnhB76Edb-8oe3kg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 27c2040ad69e6f4a65209b27cee16efe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 008 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 009 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 010 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Aerial photography Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking west Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 19, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/acace6b5cf99acb17d271d90439bacbd.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=YxQIqnKQ4QEis1ks8acq6G6sR70FfsQSMxJHkPIjBGxW9sBc1IP9POlQ2zP7XVusQ74kI%7EebTnMHB6vXp7HD59lxZnquCtfv9quEmXmWoQmzm1i5upsfqTq4gssyYm5F0rCYLmxp-Q-i0ivV1DA5zcyZ5MVgVYZaYnzV%7EemqfHPTgvobampoSHyRHdD5zj98EIvuTvbtaweH7rwxFfom7jwd-NIvxF-rzwoMhjTh%7E5vEyesbUOzB3NkYR02uLfvCyusja14eMf9AhRh7ijc-AR9K1P8NUJ69sHw2Pyqe2u8f7OAF9EqaO0vP4Qb5kbfjqxsR5OB1JjhKHrOOkvXolw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d9ede2da67a7426d0a46202244694d77 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 011 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking east, RFK Stadium and the DC Armory can be seen in the distance on the left. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 012 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking west towards Anacostia and the Potomac River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 12, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/fc76953fbed2efa6f6c8f4b44abc4de1.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=Gz-G4JX6GO-FjwXS0cojo3oUbf-ce3nKFiWBIdXrpy6OoZrqpJhaEMmceCbSvamEBRZZwxQ5zr9TNqVN5aJ2dwvrRobSs3-kkZLTHb7s7-DiWj3dsuqHf70jQL3LvGd68TuVXANamLa-0nLNAO1obmauh2lZywgosHf3vuVmDKbC1TtOSxwxIOWiBWQYkC2uH87naCnZ1XZ1123CZDTNEwrHeQs0Sky8wk7SgP-2DcHkElbgbD0y3eQQ7M7jFAppl2lhpp3UhGtu9AE67ckFo7nvX6xShHD5rQ-ZmE6CjtsOr-snFmWXPH7%7EahyN12PPMWy7%7EW%7ERE6SkPYPKr6S8Mg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 118363427ccd932686f684174a39f4ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 013 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 16, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/21ac4eef0be4a104b576fd8467d69d8a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=CZfM6XQ1l7PzwqJjVVb-i9E7ois7KTpI8Kn7%7E0257nUIkaFuv6fQJnxFBUGzo6VlW6gn%7EYD2zu4i54%7ElniHHCWoqUM9YXnhFIhLwgwsOc7pxWUPbxRT7HOmzDJZZNK%7EdFlhU1JdX%7ESPdAtlwVw7fBJBPxHOlXiu1%7Eud45z-nR%7EW8eogUoWQC13Rw5oRTd%7EeC-p58A5wxeN7XlSolYbofAG7-AArt-7azTkRFumPVTIdpgAzNjQyViJUZNe0zBg4%7E09b0EW7WpMzbCzqy8XGduzmXfiwjgo1RWZrb0jLHehimyYhjZ3kgaD5KvSN4a%7EqND0Q9n-Y-WuA59IU7er3uYA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 27f87794fdaa87e81537c7badd00d97f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 014 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking west Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 16, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/84632fd5ad2919660337834037810ce9.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=N8YS1VnSCQGnnfUqE%7Eg3aK7cNe11C6oe69hw9tuxk8iEt7CqQDy33i8kbpqVtF-CeXakrySPKso5f9DtW4SMcjE7SxUhghAQA8TNVmcy6V4E8ml34Sgq7F0cflQm77Swp9sfw7dpPoky7DUkAm-twLRdZcGYBcValL1K%7Eu%7EluxigTrAo7kBWKg1cvOw5PetiEI0HC6OSrrv9I48ktL7QX5tBjlMDLp1ElxMeuJsulSBqVfL5zAGrfqpy%7EmJ5a0EcmnDkfrijaGnJAceZkqmVgHOtTFnnlV9L1r1dC%7E8a7k0ATtyz5xy91MpEmlgQEwmjAHX1kgPLlRlffRXrX3MQhA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 4cb253caa8606046aa27eb0cab5e50fb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 015 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking north towards the Navy Yards. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 22, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/2b175954d67b12457935e6a456715f89.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=qlrEUePrhsdJAEvkZrYB4L3vL01L5ZnHsJouEd05gseUmYL2rby1KRU6O6hRJOeFHcXzdJsWDWSmtcHN2xVha4OsD3U9xdLyd1y1%7Egkk0wJU6HsmLtuXHQlH74Zt2W8xaHimSIFD-sO6Xi%7E6X3g7U6mADNsS8fUZfdJoSAnMrjnA9q5qdyFc-LIXSW2MG4jHj3ymaUONhN8YHr5OC85b3FKQPFG7q6ky%7Eyi27VrtlJOWnmHFc0tEd5C2V2C4OmRJIX9Ckc4ndcogQIREIKWc6ZAR3FHCMA0SEl9rWE0K2-rtjktMc-KeUKnXmA8bfw5WTcZLT-aJ%7ETe7TySC2YfU8A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6ec4ec8d080a8cd144c10f28482529ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 016 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking east. RFK Stadium and the DC Armory can be seen in the background. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 22, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/9cc38be3f331fc3c76f88ac6c2a4b1af.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=SEkZUAyHcUnPdUudKekEF7uAnW2cDeGzQqZOeGW5BifF8mbogXTVjM-HQ2-wkfGl-KpmpOYgVlFlGVsq6bhTTZ1qCF3bE79j3xxMClTBTu4gm%7E0RUN0N%7Ef6e84RykZdH1xzBo08pItDtNTm7vqbo5c1K0TXmhUA30EneLm4q4%7EPeC4QN1Zx1px3w1lnHZTUQOnu2IqJ6BURH9qY575PUJh%7Ep7MximcXFfpOaroTMj60UiqQ-u2EsR%7E%7EQL1aRwqeT4U4gJfgFdY9VYww-E5EZn9XZyS0LOLaEhjwMPT%7EkfVzUm2gk9kC2ohtojcSNUyUtzO00VqLYfb1Iuqx36N8kcw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 081b3a2aeeffea81200eead597a77c49 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 017 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 22, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/9ad37c642313ec97b9e226bfc6408d7d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=az7NIqhdva0WX9fiFV2-iwFbkhaZXOo7iDK1ucZBp2Nr43AE-wwZDmL5-zGmfgAyTy-jN%7EfTAF0PvIgO0xI4BvBu452iQQxwx0wGFYI7SQvrDu0Z1TprqqBfTddQ%7EkSrlDaXh8cBC6R6B51z91e9-San5XmCPSzWCGBLRcB2Tp3FYgsyd-FO32z-PPEbLwhPqCk2jYkEniHXnqYykNH4%7EAHKlE8WOjuz1MYOsPzxTelqCwxleyl0rFhRE432Sj-%7EVjwGFRWONYx1M0GEBCZ2yecE-E4EDnqT7rTr3WG4pnJ2OpfkkmrpxtV-YSW94of2W67jt3gXdmO4oDgYhADrRg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 28f681a2559bbc213cc1e310a95b6d76 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 018 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 22, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/3352772072df25a622fae7a7257fcd73.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=NHemZh-jBS9JWfNj-yg0VU79WrI9ne5l9k3N97C604gb-vZc8Ma99t2cgbc0TrZLDkWzQVJd5E85F8ZKsI2ZGtUAdBCnz8CH534I8mF382BCMiK2Z0OXKjx6xVPS57UaeS0-tfvzqI2GFmdj6Wghtt-z93XEwPKrLjvCdZ5TcOxr4yJ4bW3eT8RLsqzbslM3kNK9iEtsOgwjYl9GYcPDYXqljzLAsonN4LGDC9JhVXlQgEhHlT4r-TuR4QeBPafZLNsWutbPQjOQWChw5aH199nDpFVfBDVYMrdKzE9cUvr4ZRTRsdnbFSrl43wqurSLPoZPGuq%7EwZWp3dea%7E5npMQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 54cd657a9387fd40d27fda495780c71d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 019 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Aerial view looking east Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 16, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/54082f3f25d828e7495886b237fcf56b.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=NVl32U2vxM6huVlN3jKItaxq25SjVCrotstXmmZXbxhSan6SGc8Q%7EAHC%7ED6IeSg-BZuhmaOaWc9eFjgZmkMEwLxy9mogf7v7ATIZPIdr5rhfJTwoy62kSR9B9kB8MoW4KByIztKauKUzDkuiqqDvUDbvkqciTN31HB8b9XCrWOzOtmNjnAmpKlWxRvzY7oam1XnYVyJgKMM7ZtlBIZ7HLdOLDfZll8111Noab4dT3xdAAHIbK2Ok3MDslk%7EC7KL3AmExWEhEznbvtbKX9BN-IBz-YiTfibJ1GSLnxVkELi4L2QDR9ALA6%7EGvu%7EKBadVj7okYNdoyayU5F6MvATkuoA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 436a78f228fb4bc2acd738edf138887f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 020 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource Aerial view looking south Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 16, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e12a1ca0a313763cea4ff775a98a7859.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=ewKR%7Ej8vJdlyZbjY6flf8G-XyQhWxN5-55tcB67D-tC7e-MQdYiSxVRNmaRv33chTkyzTL7BJwZaaZUObN13MoSeHmIoNjzIuEpfs8QAvWtZ3DQgi%7EUJhkocN%7E2SXZ-o-MAgKoJlyjqlz%7ENNX7ly4RlSmDwr%7EJXBcpmcmV5NZD9vZUlDYag1vdJ27sYCnuyIylI1zyMKf0vzm8-6PSHDi44pbHtYlxMUsFSKYfXTBitrojvSeb1lkMxeqDRCNCo5koM9ZVHa1mwryeGzjzT%7EhgUqNQnimfTVdppS1m8k7qs5tFVn2GvA1Wtx%7E7xl55vfzMVGyT2ZsenuW1lxtPfQWQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM dbe5051cc0612aa786d9021e1975bbae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange 021 Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Aerial photography Description An account of the resource General aerial view looking north towards the Navy Yards and U.S. Capitol Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 15, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Highways, Interstates, and Freeways Subject The topic of the resource Highways Freeways Interstate highways Description An account of the resource Photos of highways, freeways, and interstates in the District of Columbia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anacostia Freeway - 11th Street Interchange Subject The topic of the resource Anacostia Freeway (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Construction projects Bridges Description An account of the resource Aerial photography showcasing the construction of Interstate 295 and its integration with the 11th Street Bridge construction. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-1964 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Aerial Photography Anacostia Freeway Anacostia River Bridges Construction Projects Interchanges https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/ef9f502e6eb1720a476ffdc3f698971a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=g0YBtL%7ECwxu3Hw7F871DpRJNurQWn3FC9lz2j%7E3MBQsi9abSjV9mzWpEFvzz3jE6Mm4IqlhGBf5F6r-7Jv2ya5o6D40SsxmK6u2rUuwAzzRVNZavDy56HGDLljlZr1qwM39tuBzf11pLUfx1ZxsrcWxqdpzf1VeK8EEDpBahvOFUz%7Eim2o1yquzvgVS-oeitvo4eeAK5V1bpM5wHAsIBJnUO%7EvdnZUzAJfGVC-n8yfoUn1AyILs1NplQfzhqq%7E2mrfUQNK1fAXa-4-DgQzOMI3E-EidAH5zsMo91CJpFmBaFQEATfaafZvYuCFB-n0VJQ-Xm%7EBp6kCj9BAn45Had5w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 5c0508667ca9b40fe17e8714b46668e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 001 Subject The topic of the resource John Philips Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource The Sousa Bridge on Pennsylvania Avenue southeast. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1940s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/aa9263b6a1155cf7f47eb48bad510cdc.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=rDRJseQN4y61eFwIkIZofbyjDUSptdewSVssfJ7%7Ei-vUwFL4DYvZJS4rSGC5dcpqxyAaMSHAL06Lcwt1GiumIFahGwpbrSY87ZUjhfiYJ%7EiGmuJpxlkwWNX8M06JeAHBqjXzs-Z5HgGm4AdWAox3zXysO-7wZk4l4uYqT9%7EtSv0OjVkpBG21cc2gYOgzDRIR9TtuL1PwaPuW90DhE9MkJcn5PJKqzOjXKb9JjzWTENz9oPnX2K1WhriuNM2aSZ4IlPlG22wGPUgkR2sXk3sP6rEgBviTkrBp7ie7My3jfjLjFOnB7u9gcv3Kqg3WWgucrI4-Y8OGB103pLLJQVB4-Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM bac81e0b60ca0598c13ffbe3234397ea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 002 Subject The topic of the resource John Philip Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Bridges Peak hour traffic Description An account of the resource The Sousa Bridge and Barney Circle at 7:15 am. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 15, 1947 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/abb4a1de9f4755a41bee2736b514da83.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=TLhz2UTBHTspNVkGlIemBUsCSPYxAu%7ErUmV1aQRDEEyM4iq5TYeusWWhtgsqxSCU-H-5IqG9Dsr2lORGzE7KEdQhptA1v15ywxNacvbGUtZsdXGvLjc6S%7Eck%7E%7EsyVV3IOe8hF3iwRY1k4Vk7rv46hY22oVrJqpUAa7XubmDtbRQjuSepITnJbaiRBCvbROH8WD3Rzdgng5qXkFhjkPTVef40m92hkObs2VsgroZmgSadVr42hBCVHCNf4ABZ6joSmLmHF6KF9nx5t%7Eopd%7EuTmd3-PLHv9CFbWd-nYIlvro%7ELsJrCGlu%7EOa2JMgNS5n6zZriVD3GuhD5aRE89104LUg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 3cc926dd22bc8af5df3afa001d4d21da Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 003 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource The Sousa Bridge when it was called the Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge, running over the Anacostia River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 1, 1940 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/c11fee366ba113ce98d71a032af20e17.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=c%7EhtrUowx0mfpt3mrHib%7EA5bUCXPR0MVew5adCpsg5FhGKJzZepMB%7E2g0bOtYHTxgLh6X01kvo8i7K4eaQXSB4h4Ul3cua1JR2Vap2rSWbHuHoQLqKASJVF5QK5LuFFyPhwuDKwWVRoY4EmbZE-xU5euHqAIeOITQBcohLXHRBb2G3KO-RmnY9aWKQsC6YryEB4g%7EGuPWPAhm4OvfBU8n41tJdv5CSoGW5W8PjXjr4CFI-WUJQTymDUPx0gJWvO6WqDJoiYoOr44LGJqJhJSSHqPyJRzNKXKynjpX2DDNaNKtEfpf4AJmw9hnzCSrqmAIm2Tk5nOJ8xfu0nTnGqurg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 810d05d33923eeb14fba52da4693c2d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 004 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Sousa Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/b0c0267bb4bc53967a9c4457943d241d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=BnOQRYQ5-KEcgQV3x-tGO3BLxcIpkSGjMvfw-I6IOwb6nNqN6XdBC9xZFS6eOrzhYIPv7qArVvH-AY154a0RIncJcSNJzUKouZlWHVvTLer9UJJOVr-t7fjKwrNnufQMRhYnrVssCgURshzfiKkNGK7yKps6vlQk4tuy6GQlT6oTLmXefxHIrIcwDCSgrBMe8ODVSZXGDtMtDmw6Omc6u6B1aaIUihkthCTvKjB1WSPnnW8rRPDH%7ERc7PJHSSu4aHCYbW8GM5gkI2vmPnL8Uqd%7EM81Idi2ldBxsG832nt6M3m8hek3bMwObjuH4jzT7oDZEe9iyItN4DrJgGMvS6GQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 68b251a769c408ac30392212326368b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 005 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Traffic on the Sousa Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/51bc83ae52ca70f3cfc43089462e6658.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=atZGbfXV1QCJ486od11iSaO%7EfDjY2xtua2UBLJm71r%7EoXM8v%7EU6WNeI-kmezleVSVxK41w57yQM2r0ryVDCfmB2vFQeRw9CXRuyMYz69TKZ47A7gy6MyZLlfFVvb4JUeGry0qQZl6aG34ZuEQR37XZCRYQA9nhrG4VGP3LzPPru5tTNA0eiV0vNrCKjPkua-YczSNPAumWGmFZ0I5cpBkzMdjifa%7EoBy4TtWnVrfZBrYrV9a0n5lbehmfhKr5JYdf6qmh8sQR4iZnFSNvA5x-2clZfOh1FxlITMd8riaQkaPqk%7EXmlFOL9BHQ1O57kDch1aV7BFj0xFs2C7sHNVUDQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9ab4ec0a5b53e863c1497a424bd57ca3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 006 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the John Philips Sousa Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/1734af2a1797feb85227ac5849b3472a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=q11-spdxxi0MPzIcgAf4oYUush4gmvvkz7dwkFVTphlqT6g07Hgw0yDRnC35ZF8c1SpRHaofPMWfZIZ3TfzM2ddsaZ7MVvMxZtHYR-tOrXDKBK42VUv7drLOOoB-D3-2bf9tUAes4Fj8BGEGNdcwAj44M6RONheVc1534C795yZpXkv%7E6PvUbPbg0WS146eCrGGWX2Pcuhstr4GcMjbT%7EoYzFaYi3zqiTWnUgDRYiKPyaxojxJwdF-46fHXopVj7wybPf4wMuUnryo0UtFP9GGx78rwkeu-yhe8UpZGhCn3mjPnwkRt%7Eie08s9fWeL1jP19luDa%7EPcSJl89TEX6psw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 32b04843671104ecd58f9c607711e076 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 007 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Sousa Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/8473d8e4e68f090e7a303a7066f67c15.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=leUOTo1vMVivgzviihF5GqEkYNKSdxDbdnB866ywrQdxtWBjZo80UQD4ku5ESRi8GjDadAa%7El-u4En5EbuF%7Etgv2x9jh8Jzp4j7-eaU%7Eisz08TMiQac0GmJl0fZlqW7x%7ErOFJKs00Gjzs86%7E7Y7tbxpV%7EUHDtmk1neM2lg7RDIopmBkfdngI4yGu-CNg122R4Hq86YpzSmPnTy8oAci1JR9HqZpkNkC-Cm3wXbqSvdsVefhatp2zcNlQcWEKB5KLhjmGJ0DYIu7LB9yDJ8ZfpXwYYjZIBwbeubtynjnjmqmMyTP9DNqagGoaatByFgRbo4L9RhbAPnAzEtl-NyTNOQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 51484a9f77211171ab5b48c853381824 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 008 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philips Sousa Bridge Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Construction of the Sousa Bridge when it was called the Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 31, 1939 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/cf85da1d46011ffd65817ad93ec01700.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=RV87eOBlKjUfcVhdUYH-gfRIgti8NuPE9Jd7orSkeglcGD49HGzvQjWvqwoh-7npafgP3KrogWXLBRFmGUiujpX18djFVbMD%7EUcmzGb5ZaOywzRy18j4MrP438e6WnEqON78UuRGH1zrkVw7jIbodsszA4bYlnsQhbsIWk%7ECxEuEvKrAthpPfsB9vwnNr0sLKLFt7F3Zl7yphAeIr51Q1ovkmNOYecJfO59yDl8AwhvkLwBo5OyMOJTKjIMr3D2Uk5orXisGL9cvvzqSQ1Yc5M4ONT%7EDk5fic5ClVnYVDLbbiv0QMKOm5FfcKCxMiN4VSAFj4stmNHfAxmm%7ERgRJ1A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM dfb7080abf6976cc6da811b0efe57866 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sousa Bridge 009 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges John Philip Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource John Philips Sousa Bridge over the Anacostia River, with notes written on the photo related to construction. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 6, 1948 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Bridges and Tunnels Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Description An account of the resource Photographs of bridges in Washington, DC, including the 14th Street Bridges, Sousa Bridge, Memorial Bridge, Frederick Douglass Bridge, Duke Ellington Bridge, Key Bridge, and more. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Philip Sousa Bridge Subject The topic of the resource John Philip Sousa Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Photographs of the John Philip Sousa Bridge over the Anacostia River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Anacostia River Bodies of Water Bridges Sousa Bridge https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/9f56cd6b2f284e9c22bc0558d827f237.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=bCwLvuWEoSBkC76zkAG8DQvc%7EhhYWIunXfU3rpvXfWn65zU9ZqDGBzV4gHKb3uh5GxmLSAOjW1top6rpG6kDCKusAEr5TNTDiPvhQdI4jcnofajTCKs-VZ1p2RSkSMg0E1A03XUrlh2ZwYfrPcKf%7ECLKnJrwbe7XlJvY8s5da0%7EEy7tN5Z6K4XrZvTzQJSkFc%7Extd4ZoSvKBQDJD3OJPDgO%7EG516bq73L6AYTlhSuj3bEL4t6wPMFTF0RV1l4iJZMdaWZZ2dxnacLCj4jnfjvImP5-od6Wi1aiH4FBEt41Wx-VOmwl4F6x6EzXRas47sIQDDDOtgyKh5IW9K5V8keg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM beed73d37b8c521680172396a4dedd67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Whitney Young Memorial Bridge 001 Subject The topic of the resource Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium (Washington, D.C.) Whitney Young Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Young, Whitney M. Description An account of the resource A photograph of the Whitney Young Memorial Bridge leading to RFK stadium. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways and Traffic District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 27, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Bridges and Tunnels Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Description An account of the resource Photographs of bridges in Washington, DC, including the 14th Street Bridges, Sousa Bridge, Memorial Bridge, Frederick Douglass Bridge, Duke Ellington Bridge, Key Bridge, and more. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Whitney Young Memorial Bridge Subject The topic of the resource Whitney Young Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Young, Whitney M. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Photographs of the Whitney Young Memorial Bridge leading to RFK Stadium, named after civil rights activist. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Anacostia River Bridges Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Whitney Young Memorial Bridge https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/3570dc19b5bfea630f20061848317311.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=LswIKN-KQODyHrAYswXMTO8tensD0-50qJ0hKkxthWYAF1NhGyHSXuhUU2pFLONklQVxrBSiIehEiAojS2iVvC%7EZWUA6UxauTkLeK8KFgupu6ydu%7EE-isbrqKtnhuTEp54LYXH6ulsrZwpH34ziaJ1Kp0ig1ZKm4CQU2iYqr0HSusQ2ZPyRdJHJH96sueh-MjVzYcQ%7Em8ez05Hw8zwnbyVTLqDftT%7Ec%7E7JyIg-JQ1%7ERVxSIh1xz3FPuUEX1seEpi4p5DUr1bYOcXMwLgMn5rjQrt6ozMfynaDIY-r9QWsDUdMMHZvZg6z%7Ef50439lbZkhIYKYlZpAnGGOnBZ9gomkQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d0bf98423f7c7878ea4bb1fd64adb726 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 001 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource The Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge, or the South Capitol Bridge, Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 11, 1951 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/015ab748c39c6e02d6546c144868e875.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=G5zD3IXD2qaTTOYJ6RhIuHTta8jit9GINH5GNyfrdkWfDU5TQd0pE70P-AKilEclui2E9TvwAzRk1mNTs7TTyAV3NcXb5MBe4cjyYERtcJYiX9cjqr%7Ec3yXpBXWDEgjIAwse9wuujYzZY0tQzjIInngzM8HS23isfwJBWXwLS49S3TJJKXCkAnrFDUjqU9OJKydXPeHsczRwCy3dWoaWCtHhP7hU4JHWN442rkjhG3QI40D3nUzZeiLVWbFhnJIbFlcRroi1wSBlbJ%7E27DBNI7XwbPgxL-BXwvE9pFMDQxS6qOxoCu2f21-xZtQevkvK9Lb1dGDq2wmSg0bciMkObQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM af35929cfae879092450eeb1a7fa9667 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 002 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglas Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Aerial view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge/South Capitol Street Bridge over the Anacostia River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways and Traffic District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 14, 1960 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/0258eec2a4e92160eedaadf281ce5656.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=CTZzE8mBrISXmojE%7EPTQwMM3lzCFen11CJu1bO8A63JwLUFfS-%7ECNIf9D3Jclgdhw9AcXwQGM0O4vKAJYKPQV9STNh1BObKBnxMLfkaYVeutaCyNwmnH7gYRNalkc%7EEvEXkNUnciC5yP-5v7L8bqBehr818AjR93Yu9QSSpGQFmOuTqCYW63djQ%7Em5rYyHZHG1lCcWI-2LnC2H9hHHaGTg0%7E1l4nyGNjgVjfiyD1C0Jk4GP9CRu088-Ooe%7EDHDEzMyBf-VO5akwUKvypooCj2-sh0BlBTIBAUfEpRxXvvakgMty3cVA5ZW5q0RB%7EVxcM9oRmm2IEFNTtLG4faZNOtA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 37e1c9b8fb299996c88b15cc0f82ba86 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 003 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A side view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge, formerly known as the South Capitol Street Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 2, 1957 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/c65f612c605a0528eae04509b6737443.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=hbHH-FQ4VEOJVFHb1%7ECWtAjpbDdf64%7ESNSdzyG8ZUi5pvSHHgPojpVvRFtmSMn%7EoP6z72pW2I7Px3WtH3LeyHJYUZxAQfVfGBHEwLT3ykezwaURqTgWtoz200F--hH2S30iWr8OyEEfGp41d4pRSdz88O189xiQ2gl5pNOaap4l5fLbg3YfFLtgAoBqSSCzXqjYYaLWNAfphEPJ76AdpK0vuK4g3pWSMaWeohc6sHiHqESCIaJAnoJx7O%7ERrakEvLxcaGX6xuQ7c0eZyi2UZrC53cQhWMOCzdoZ6XG0bC65cm6ZqtO5I3avo4uVL1LslhIrjBcnOntBZMxRE0-FWwg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ce916d2198ce53a21639db4dd3123f5c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 004 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1950 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/899be487f92944e0d50e52bcd3b8bd33.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=dEfKSINOTZQ4Rk68NHJUFgJrUPOCuTtrZGC6xdt09ZEghtmslufHhq%7EXELCarbQCq848K%7Exa03lzRsZJOfpzd7S6vSExXSPQ%7E-5FQe5j5iEUki%7EEeCHJBrn4M0SYRD%7EzgwSPLrZpqRQ3Twfb4MEC9WtEpNCb3QOvarAKyiDrKWqHnOsJIGGZJzSF6WJAov2o83FBCszHgp%7EwaO%7ET4W99SiS6nMGk-B1TProSDFCOVBAalZHP82TaRfnmre2sM62UxH929Gn8jmUlaZewuovAyOXqyjAgC7voZsQkdAGKRlKzpO2V9qDBXhL%7ELGEiatCsdkyjuUsi4OikNJNxxGq2wQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM eb0173a73853687048ea4b9733d3877d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 005 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1950 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/ef494307a9b64f6eb23e44fa23abf6a5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=ami17Fx5Dpe%7E9dg%7EmQNGy3isqAV71D0WxlDKgdydp6OZh0MnjJS4BwG9j0ooCx0cv7-EhaIIbtelIswATrJIkK590Oi0LE4FGgnz0ztclbZZjj2ou9suCXyrZszGBVfrPg8NCnbp8fKPU-kOct7Bn-PiUkt6p4Tujw5r53IHPpO7CvzTL5t0sJ1hEaznJBGk05bfgvUdJFOWHw8tR2gYzeN0uOfsNWe7OGqva6C0aLDP0zRzooCFjPvcvXtSbSCYzpVai8TAtOhFcFdSrsgzvp%7E5t7uaFU4%7EqUaiI18p5vHchuANiGivUaehlGM46cNFAtSRx8MdVDSETpV-DXaqcw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 248766688f5eda5892792bb7fe59dd65 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 006 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 007 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge and the Anacostia River. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 008 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Peak hour traffic South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource A view of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge during the morning rush hour. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 009 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Bridge piers Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 1. Main pivot pier. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 010 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Wedges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 2. North wedge. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 011 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 3. Balance wheel (looking toward Anacostia side). 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 012 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Machinery Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 4. Anacostia side span drive machinery. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 013 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Machinery Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 5. Span drive machinery overhaul on the Anacostia side. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 014 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Machinery Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 6. Anacostia side toggle motors and drives. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 015 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 8. Span centering devices. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 016 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Machinery Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 8. Toggle north. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 017 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 9. Structural beam on the north side looking toward the Anacostia River. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 018 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Control rooms Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 10. Anacostia side control room and control panels for the swing span. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 019 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Air compressors Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 11. Air compressor. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/cf3da03ba23c7f216bdeeabde890434b.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=Bf01ir66e65TMoMU3l8x6ntqhMOrJK4Y8el52RHMXa1ia3jthHsMa8L7jCFhMUFOhTi6zBH9mFUyRdZIl7aIkIejq3Oy8B9Ru9yRb%7Eikr-R4BWROF7J4YLFxKjZkm7U0FSWDUBRZOH4dkNEgJ8Ak9xiB60%7E339VIs3nbhsEUd1amEKcSB1ZFiAcW289tJ9X8aCHA1qKNixBaCyPlyWK5CTy092H6nrjW1zKiV4tZ2IiegEWYy2OHeqRsWeafYD9-p1iGHd394Fu-opBJgiePwk3K2CN-atC9XPF7qfZXczzlRIamPdVX9B3AQ4VBGFYdPGkkPKZk3qZLx1t3S6iawA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 69df489948eaaee9c36d0294b7286c4c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 020 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Electrical systems Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 12. Electric switch gear. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d151ece6f08996f3dcae2a5d8f88a699.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=Z6mdIYTtfW4Hd66Rd4l-TzBfPyjXjroeAg%7EHMu0gCyPWj-yxxDQWCrf02dG-AvDGLntp1sxoVXfUMsxWPDn0nID%7EegxKVngbm5iYt4IDvw44QR2%7EOpwNsWxpuW3GGqTn8W4geojMdNNTA-tZJwPmPxBSHd6H4jU%7ESOoGfAgnn3KoDfiv7OW6U1U8iZ3XOTlhadaq22-5sekzE-s5LkVYlbCeU%7EinOa27ipQAIcmMr7anwtEznenJlX5vLa9YBFXDA6JZ6VrKcUjMwfbs6V6w6VdHVQl5FlOv6GmV3hIrSI9j8ZrCeC1VtTg7vxOc3iC9WHPKn3IyQ8dwOp5vaJTXLw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0c0e27595a5b3e3bafc979dc222d03a9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 021 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Electrical systems Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 13. Electric meter. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/44e009510c9095edbc714e0e40df3ba5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=Q1Iou3rUl%7E9lZ8tE-3IFZUeTSECOIDNL4rBpN1OotHU8R4onmXB%7E9hhF9PlhUTlytnwk9rE%7EyVaoHlgG2TBsta6AKwJlzbYiyZpe7cY4xQMxnu3fXTqAZgf-hJQxrTWHwlZ9bWaTmqWR7MWNEOlOHA4YR2gYIxN0CBpuF8ED8MCJSrQN4Dsa1GGODcAswR6HmptDnaywyhR3igbGdUqtGa94tX3zER1jdPsop2XC2B0SIwIiucBT5-nsPJLqnr8%7EglNAiIfWfpvZmWSIkNEIY9h--1T4r5r16XEQ9eBsbRqhFovIEtQj-%7E6rUw83RUFOU8qcjvkzdt9CbbjFHGxrBg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 040b3ac08205b6b65fe5cb47705cbc64 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 022 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Bridge piers Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 17. District side pier at end of swing span looking southwest. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/78b0d26e517116a5cf3a6188bc886b04.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=uqTqmB7Cs-0wgD%7EIs9q1e5MxktgV4yo4CKprIAMWf-UwTTAXz-UrnX2BWB1bYmjsHSKRtCMRmBhZpuDfmJPQvVEAfACKBbZ8fxoqMdywV4JyIqsECeHrVuXQvkkX885%7ECMNhKu%7EaM%7E7qEm52v6e-IQoxcJGZfjpHkaI%7ESod74X4sWJR6ZKkfUqEBNKfb-fsrpSWFtfeS-o-NesFKrjlR7jKCbLAGDclOEUtDNmmeAyeIWL4jNCIy6fIeDKvvspekLlDWlxVFP3AoY6KAMgaIo87foMp6F1JT1nVxswT%7EPhp3jFWSQaTdfCSGFdEgSRXklsVVRUs2Gr7UEk6%7EBIjUPQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 62381640b1e5099926b4bcf4fc438b0d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 023 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Falsework Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 20. Temporary falsework under toggles. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 024 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 22. Air line on the District side. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/50a288c96766597e51f875f3c4d930bd.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=jdWwVYzIGd3JkV0cXCKEDrsuysTLZzIFH%7E-QboGfN24gGfNiQfJAlBQyfoU1PdBEvOkqbgNuw05%7Eg1srjsZNXc3f5CgHgVo%7Eq9V61lfB5PeWbRDM7I%7EgQXdUb3Rp7JuSZzpZFbYfGIMkOeAQ6lUWElpctp56LtYaE3BT3WpO-kANYvAD-J6RgU3alcEgUqTSWotdQM1-jBPRmanb7JEPvlQ5yEai8jxiiaeVvmQUnwOD33bgviq0g73%7ER252BpWFm00jVPzIMZ3nAhYB-RN0qxk2ifMe%7EqZ4ylKlEay5lixN2d5tpPdszahGAiYxAGWNxs8o7OMKC92%7EV87ZUZtbQw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 523be38535a0c04a097de5fa142f214e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 025 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Piers Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 23. Structural beam near toggles looking toward the Navy Yard. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e82192674497bedd73dfb5f733e33a5b.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=hsbsLiMQXhsoPprZhIYqKgvQC1-z1FoN3uv-vDr2afWcbhE3hOtjTzWu0u22c67BDey%7E9tUCQAyswBFxuZP3Uuqu1wRcHlsApJmZshwDggQ34CjcgacWNs5R5IqY4iUg2BCycALMg7uZew%7EA-0an%7E-xLj2uaS-RoB33YDuogdu7up06BSGo-k3OCKiAqDvm7GoVsGKocNHQnFG-lyq4Pe3iqbERSq1oZiukkwDDVqlGIEVWyq6lr2hp9jYgAfIz5gG5YPXXLp5DBWWRYhu0a1iq1v24d7mwL3lb-F-5pcN6YbzNVhssxG3QhmqDjjbbFmbSY-J-c74XpEH5J6WL76A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d8d995b30d55cfc1dae2ba7b6c6409a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 026 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Stairs Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. pre-construction no. 24. Stairwell location and structural steel on the Navy Yard side. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 5, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/f5de59f950ebc829cfda414d282d1e50.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=VNW4JB1NyAvGdsrAV03nz38azq6TTuOT-DIx2HeYWSeDEGGtxsnQ-CiARqEtHya4Z2Mlyg1A%7Elzb7pRtHn-l4pucdselxlVwH0YFjqxlAws35HVyfehrZMMRVpofoCnyNKqHTEzM5KSXwUDH0t-7Mut%7EFzYw4Sor65T-13dwh0hgjhOBaHCnNA1uRz2CX6x8hUnewhTwg7DGsxK5bJP6r5MDg%7EUoz6amrRJUgjod0MNI-pmjMHpuFcF3-feuK3Q14LeESVgUah7u0yNAjBHWCVptBlOObiYrz6p3seJlRYIYXxDKwPGnHscNUWag7YPAw5D76KiGV%7ELiUkwCeK9cUA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 904821fd83869138c78cfeadb8038fe2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 027 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. no. 100. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 7, 1999 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/653586bb0e78f8ab80f02b26c6a7f7fd.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=dMQ7rEUSiUUmvrDxR6V4PB40RmC9myun1WWpUHD2kGkklsHuiMggqoviQJpZ5elXrMw56kOVJ2QocyjqmJSIr7TXrSN9JkDR5fsK-hRiUO-c6qrkB0PQ91ZIMEE09wxIuSum0EX81zhi4KQIiVX15mgUcJyni1C3qCzRJCyD4gcM37mDymO8IBiR8zBz1zw4uBl7EHWNgKVWb27NvouKPuaop3V07bUoYsWRLavb5BiVIYAae8e1pjTh08iX6tAjQIAsEu7holOqjUDd7nbVUYiNySNVcuwcFF4qcVgXZmzf87W53BgaJUqMH%7Eo919LM2Yi0EOVqUcgaBOR%7EyRxUsQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9c9f4cb8f3699d17300d03e584a12287 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 028 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. no. 99. Subcable strapping on the DC side. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 7, 1999 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Stewart Brothers Photographers Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/b539809c5a997343f1fffbd23ceebe29.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=KmcpUJ6pWIOjAaU5yh23VMiN38YZlEkbK88flJTcH6U53ibPLiNPjVkXOBkEKeKA8aF-EA6777xg009w-1Aex0lbg1mI%7EcOL5Y9YaVwsc6zHx-KjHG1eD7kWGzWbcgLN72M30fvjyZTTXvLA6FpUULVzZfrR1i-2Cga10%7EMRtd5D5Nz3giPw-cQ1Rm-Y365vXJdVd17WmH%7EUpTM55T9rirwN8ztQjzqvkAmAleNTdsxn8%7E8mXOGzsneReeO9IaN0t9CGYaYhH1u1a8CiOEKoLkY0-zM81Jx3EZjVs97fCbNXl9VR4hTOMwo8sVdbaByJSGTtRAQThMfzO8HE96NwkQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6621f400d29988522c62f968c0b7c29e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 029 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Pumps Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. no. 98. Water pump on the DC side of the bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 7, 1999 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/4747bce77625c8475c32d4b8416bf930.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=kWwk4pjYWQJ5dvZQ1OKqaJ5Av0wYa3xx8LpAH4-lFYwjtM9qBGKuxWzvYl5Zlw9jNlrBOwJheSRGgvr6aPTHDIhLCAQsqMaTCqDXOTtNlYx%7E3ZMSgkLu4qq7qdTn4TUkCutzG5ipPac0mlw6nSXi5gkCNYc6xxWycBOy4Wdz54ht5SCotg%7Em5DHQ%7Ep%7ESN8ya7xAz1HF4I%7ELrf7-Hkxa51OZ-Q9PpWShNFZBac82BoIlsiz9nwxg88OBIEVYHF6DymyF3P07BNFoyMfapE-4B909ASLnHKMNtY4KCJHzIkWHTuwM5UfyXAsK9u3Pau2KcOZPE%7E1iUij78UisPD1GsOQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ae34a0da3c7a55fff6be68fe20dc83f6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 030 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Pumps Bridge piers Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. no. 97. Water pump on pivot pier. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 7, 1999 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/8d4951fa456f6ced1b4f8859ab192299.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=f2%7E7nSPbY2opHS4OOLv7CO-1XOsBKgA%7EkDZzK%7EbJUDPZ9Subv7oaxm9PPnW5F4Fwc2l95KwlsMaMQvC-dX69kmh1wx62q0EBepp0ueKpcB1s4kSb-5GF-z5nmw0mucBM18vntKHMiXvYSWiwhNDQJHv5dbRbsrnCD4BbjzYi0NI71XqHZ7n3K6QBSrR67hT4nlgMyPGs70PlDN5BDPU-mtWFng2g9TUc4F6oFZ6PoywlbXEWvxhsuRUsG97iYaDueEd%7Erox6ZWhFOeC1fQntrQ3z54ex0mD8MgFzaSRUfC8z%7E2ocoxDzGY3VfV9pFhrj-w25pppwLi-Kaf8VoO24mQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM a9b29e6adfee51d9d1d838b3a4385607 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 031 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Painting Description An account of the resource South Capitol Street Bridge electrical and mechanical rehabilitation of the swing span at 1902 Anacostia Drive S.W. no. 66. Painting platform on the DC side of the bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Stewart Brothers Photographers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 22, 1998 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/b163cfbccd73699341b9ac5141b1bd9d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=cFmlIdEBUxvSZVQbIVkvZSc52RxSuwNHq9-bCSWqtkcYTcoT7%7E6t7nBGhh-CttYJcwwGCTTMMxbOQooayQeUV2Lrkzv6mj-YKgVIuoG2so0TTEmUdjRK%7EqpXpcOQvtRRzV4OneAAetoW25dDtyGmT8oDu502FJFcQx7pvxvNZfIQF2yz5OSbsWdPq4eoQSpKf%7EuO2h8ZW4-IrpPJ1QMZGSe6VEVFha2fssd-kZdhuqHWnyy-r8lwVj7HvQmddLX56IHuRZ6wjpSVOlhuq0%7EQLoys8Gltox%7E2PxlHoBizPYc9HZM20lhHJGQog0D5F34wDQZXfFF-5u4hICiuvcEPqQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 85eaf620656d1b8caa211b2c47a9c74c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge 032 Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Motor vehicles Peak hour traffic Description An account of the resource Cars driving down South Capitol Street toward the approach to the bridge during the PM rush. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1957 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/9fae622280530a939c3e528fbc78b0aa.png?Expires=1773878400&Signature=TvZshVXV5J9HUkfqBu6cQsNc59bm5wAcUZnpXCjDQCCK-z2eE-q9%7EqdqPXOzxUHwpRKmpehiiYrEfCNW0wano%7Eqk%7EET9%7EtfJqR%7Ey2xCNnzaZ4ThrG2Cgc4OBYRJBaMEOezxtMopb1uBycOi1YjtOB1TLcx423tgZDcACGRKefQ3iFpc2er%7EDacJSU2KxE0dXyAB6NJ0zlzpkvChvDDBmV7uFF3%7E%7E2PTm09NoAjDyuGigLRcgSjAWox8j2kGVYBtvlYCLSslfni2H3nQX6rplM4pwxdlbgxpuuCeEKZuWH%7EpNQJ%7Eo1gdbGzJtKagcOcbK6VoNRFWsxRtqwl8cJgZn3A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM deb70f7c5fbd6b80bb6e733738276be2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge Rendering Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Bridges South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Rendering of the future Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge currently being built. This will be a six lane bridge with pedestrian and bicycle lanes as well. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Renderings Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Bridges and Tunnels Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Description An account of the resource Photographs of bridges in Washington, DC, including the 14th Street Bridges, Sousa Bridge, Memorial Bridge, Frederick Douglass Bridge, Duke Ellington Bridge, Key Bridge, and more. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (South Capitol Street Bridge) Subject The topic of the resource Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge (Washington, D.C.) South Capitol Street (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Photos of the Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge, also known as the South Capitol Street Bridge, which carries South Capitol Street over the Anacostia River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Renderings Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Digital Anacostia River Bodies of Water Bridges Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge Rehabilitation South Capitol Street South Capitol Street Bridge https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/0eef8bb6511fd4775bb7d6635fa5e339.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=lK12d0stVXkA57Brz3kzTrk%7EGgkL4Qdl-9IxRWOJld5NWt61HpmZE2bqjVc3aecJ0Ae83M-hRNlmDy3i%7E-clutWeBnBysZI6mCynng5XF9BEBfywhjMecPY84iZIgKVOCDn-8HILSuZu%7EKqAWI5kwQhvd5vKzQQP0tlxUyu-Z3dmuSMTXMF-rG2wLQ0pMr5prVcZPEDacjKfYxYsRYUDEB7Rf9k8WB96HmeQ-3i%7EOJ8qphgOcY5AajmoIppLgJULRESVxOp6c2CK7ByqEY0MktMa5XDykSScf2V-QanmLRxCZqsfaAsCWTBOzIt7yRABAGhZ8gMawgPB6J6lephofw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 5c1ff7cd3f19cf168453a513ff69c110 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 001 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 84. Looking north from pier "E." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 5, 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d1dc3faa9691a5083fc39b3739fd0af2.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=rDxklQBsYSM7YJiTr76maLZ-I%7EPF6RAchh-qmaClpTWEh6a61C7q5hRBVSpjNWB9WgKMT2aTYT-5SOCn3%7EotP4heKftwQnQTJMyOE27-E7thlOpir-hya7sEwDagi-Pnxp-OZBj9NIZVwSyW5cgyMchpUaURgWLO%7EdFWHo6Q0ZQ5McAhiSoo9wjR91r94yW0LuiG6Yw2eH6QZ%7E6bQo1sABOgBNAvpLwyVlaGpddRL1LUr6rW6WIt37hBS16rUS8EnVdyjyiVPv5O-hNPAkpuKvF%7EZlYxR0oks4hvi-UDbFiK0cRMLJhsY92k5MdoGdnPU0RzIoyvMjgW9UMFwM1NMQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 36b20127ecbb565c30f3b8dc0825b2a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 002 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 101. Looking south general view of the south false abutment. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 5, 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/c9a3aa52b113d752edb8febe55cb4a38.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=IFj3SmRlHFw7t7dWx7K%7Ek2jPumZ%7EwligjTYotNEBM8LMFxIklddB5dXNlVv63dh19T6E29tX53nuM1hdmmcDybezjIdQvjAnBdBx1QA1L2OYlF%7EG4Fz09PIpTL4xPltE7p4%7EwNDZMiR-5CnMhR%7Eebw5gXY1uDraaD0HxVkVXKhD9GFGouhErRhgaMFiF040iIh1UaWhIIf3HGaHX234vVDM-zhvUnrDPRrrFy6nlbIZN3TfJ8akRIluyXfGXMFKn4xkdyLRCVc%7E8yDHy%7EC8Y6bWEQu8CUu4NAwU1SGrbUpn4UZKZDZp3mybkDNkQjmb36E1X9wMyDvy0P5EZv62jwg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7826ed952a8e56715c92e7bc1b5abc17 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 003 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 106. Looking north, general view. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 16, 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/08464b963d9c919f747c9e1fbc721182.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=oRH4FUCSDuHN8xMq8jXtS9IoJpX9RZXSqtumEHW%7EfPWadH076OHEfSnIO4BUHuEAKMwy1RJsZmxh2Abc8fulwz9Y1hUEgB9tkyPYvuJPgrUrKNF1iVzNeWQZ%7ELuNz9emyR1JjPnT9NueZNwLV59Af%7EbLCDDx-TJFm2neHo1%7EcV5pVWFa2wlpB9ZSSkNlY4Bb48C7sC%7EcuS1j7UK7dlt5FK0rPI0TKiU9viziNuDalqB3wWtWD%7EHSxx%7EOEVaXohHw6tIXwaeYBCHK7fCZbkoLwd8FYuw2ykTXfVI1ZLS5YYokI71ekWOP1cE4AMnPXLOzNe2yFlWulEt5F7la9RIBgg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 01f8c52625558ee73b5ccdee21053b9f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 004 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 113. South abutment looking west. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d808b7a88615ed37165fcbc95d28dad5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=DEi%7EAOR%7EIbzV2BzEgKaTXKFx0XzEaaN5xSXZnFxFGcK1qKZF-8gKfHgeKKTg3Ozd7EpIXG6%7Ew2DGdXwQhGPNHKQo81-oZ4x4KMPtNVls92DwihJ1ixqUNOMwmXRrTzmGDiLjlIart3zPO0Hum%7ET1jTz7MyPFybAgkCZYxEKC8UEGKudnfDJBogyQLB0HCfgqYJTTSBs2%7Ec3llFvrRfzIpmiekbnMzi7EjDHQlCNlHl8GxaB37-aPEZBwtiPupSNA-utFyuzby8eoAjmMixt7rNu8qbUANLaHLb7%7EENMNqOwRsIIJ9cr7tG%7EmNoSMsrw47L0KNDCjVS5oq6PpLvrQ3g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 620d9cfdbec9a963b422e87d95f3a8b8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 005 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 27. East side between Anacostia Drive & sea wall. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 30, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/dc36d218d2950b034190bd9beccffafd.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=v2BZhcw0fNI7R3VItw4RhPNal8t9qv3ldHWLJVjhP6Fwm7ZdkD9QKhJ0BkI0V2CMzObICIvpI-s8bPvL0EUns-tIEklkeSVC%7EGtYQx6dOJDRfqTrFs918LZ9NhPQlbZmx9XlvBOa5nA12usOrp6783jAEF5FSXLNwD9mdSPawkYacZAndFTp1UwaEeRr4O4qrBNgThEi0gDs6-xJFlzmwaRzMlJ3QODWJw8rjvOcI7T4hCE6JbVxSA2oPMQNZf4nOi7w-ufajwqA64gAyH7q1JGnzvONTZVuvjZX3mZbAaHu-hhr0HrM3TTRDPh844qXjp6vc6b05WcIXSpVs04VJQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 8d19ecbdc01dab40831e36875a919c29 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 006 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 25. Looking south, sea wall east. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 30, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/ccb331a49d826cecc2d2362292b1335a.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=bviWDqjNnlmDo2Nbu8n9YPXgdWNRu3U5Ne4pcAQD6ALQUuDZwobxR4eLH1T7v8OdriKxZY4GOPf486AR48zF1Kru0kV9fIHempzo5muaNFjhKSlMHp3qCh7zqhdV8wo2hZ4mQsZf16f0NoKDTHq%7ESEpks7T%7ElpCrwx0N7uWCF2Odp9qRpese3dLniBCRVP6p3tDSlZXRcFBWmtAqZNHQzkW--R-UDxhsS0LC-hXxuon%7EV2ivL35erM2gx4vrpzcx9MQTnnzPlP2kOXQw%7E1o%7EdUAmIad%7ERiccuulflulo-fm8eP0ZpPN6OXIdon7ZvOdwpTabMZuSUTiq4n%7E0VMLL0g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM b588de6d763c1b40e5c22326b37b6af6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 007 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 28. West side between Anacostia Drive & sea wall. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 30, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/3606c23ab62019a2ec7868016ce0f7c5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=obAtENPQNwHyGSwwuHwULNEEGBw9YKHZ4wM0RzQMz0If5RCc08ok-HEkMrTQZA8igynEH-zOhxyvnbfmHiAG0tlyiBaNi-bbl4kp5zZBoDzQ-PqwI0akRTrlCA9Opx14%7EUx5WW28DRgB6h43RFwhQWmEj-wbXfldLxhI16ub7jJCuwaQSSIyCaDWsv5PVUXCmRNatCm3HyrknueZvvaFhJXJ3UniTjcHqTI9V0LC2JWpzvS4l-92tqlZr4ZsBO6c8lAhWFHYgTVZ2BTauC3Xl7%7E1-Cj8kMQOOgwuEDGFytlegQlJt-73Zid1LnmeRVKlXuoSPAj8fT7gcN33T9JPNg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2a8a872c1483a0665f992273ddee59f7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 008 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 37. General view looking south. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 4, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/c6fe54aa04dd2860ee8838766e1ac1c8.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=cy1ieHfH6Tg1USiwetPeJPxSd6CQlvCoA%7EdoAQAhET4dz6VcA7%7EZLCjPg-wfSt%7EJudcLQc89e55Ga8DGg0HBMauzO4SgnFqEVd-RoH6ops2bM9iaajseS1ZGbB4RlBr%7Ejf4diuOSSqynKBWtzhwwi00pQhpmwJXgC2ktXAqy10AvSwYaZa8L7o4aOkkTnTF7zWH0A4fckb-CGOhHJUqkErCCgs4ATzmPYNiBK%7Ex-tUrRw9gt5j4X6Ag4HS1m-u-C2Lz06-VRIDYaA-RWjga67Rn7fx1OEq1jUw7NlXMgAcQfIv-Tjiga0k%7ES07x2kXs-uer7uBEc%7E-zXKWfKezznWA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f5e97be507c66bf897228b6e2aecea6b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 009 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 38. General view, looking north. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 4, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/0cbb5ba46394d762ccb6484fab932613.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=TC9yJitPzB-iZmLaYoEsGYmUrqofWQCVKCm-JU7tqIMygXUmxyR-l9WGZZuhkqzfbHVNnGkQKBEto1i7RW%7EM0Bs5U%7EMRmrrxeId7cq-q0dLor3OcEWJCju40Ozv80NYiXsG5W9IV%7EuD1hFF7f7PMiGhr9Hrb0ilzgA0Z41snFZGklpAY4OABHMyvjuBD6cWe0nLkMYGGiMBlxAI8C95At595-IPnItOhkbbhLY9csimcD4QUpvz3woAQpDP-jOHWJU-Bq-sxZZdvQluhMaCYA-C9pflt-dlbdoou5QFokkMdYcn--jpBujNA2FWG10VgFz1QZ4cbbF8XitLCIIn0jA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7e237df0b8b6aca5e59c65ae692927a7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 010 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 41. General view looking south, pier 11. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 6, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e8a7f306e0f79ecfea19a984ef262680.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=ADOKTZ2Bj2L96J4FuXjVBCadc3U%7EVfJ76Jef3LGsjd0VxUIY1m7H-tGt2hGrnm7hQwp3zYV9tu4Hkdur700jMN-ugMGQGm1nuvxVA9sgqXjvK-q27J6UHsfQKCfhLtmutQ3IwV8HA6Tddev0EsF985G72cQwc7I7lsQ-JMeKtGZEHALnOU-9Pl5DhNesi%7E-gzaCsCu2-QiVthpBTqdJLQBsl3cWdmFYK-4qlsGniwlqsPVBfFkDhn95g-%7EA4rusalRzUc-jfhcQzzLiO3Jfbo82nZZxH2rxYNjwSWvOBYlkMR-PxHeMI%7EB80DCFeE4oaTlEsrOoy3ELgkWPJVbZb8w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM bff939496cfc25691ce048debcc7a2cd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 011 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 43. General view looking north from the south abutment. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 6, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/604de76787e43e0222dce351af36c1c9.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=tvWw7BTeYPxRZjW07bnlbycAQm-DoTngx6L49ePWKVd%7Eymw7Fuj-0MUvKUfiiDliaOQSaTz77biGgg9ddWcu5prWCoXXioc14qWv%7ERl20ZaBsB4wH4z2RxL1zLSPawWBbYKISttPtzlqbSOJiYjkz4lw%7E8t9RqqidOO8xt%7E0gAUbhNVo9ioueL8TlDbTTk3kbMBEwAU1dyvr%7EC5dQ2DrBVZUbiHlYkcCJTGehtKBvAffUfBCHBwDuUnVcXwvOf%7EiJvZv-5sa4NCzegS%7EeC--pmfZ9kkUKTGGqnlD6OdacxbPghekVQ98pO9wghce33r2o4IyB3UkHP%7Efo40SC1%7E6QQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM e6a67795def7ecec7f6ef266882420d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 012 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 42. General view, pier A through south abutment. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 6, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/8a4a347a7efd63690417af4716e19ad6.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=G2u9IvPaMkMrSmjDIsYwQfLTi55PJrAsku%7E9ZqVxVDMsza-i8iFX6gLNOVB8cPWkhPcKXwJ1THpz5BtpjBVahtPdUP04rJyqZAt%7EBfGaxJ7yLVy1zGGbGr3nBFWX5qwBUtN4Yj09mu0c3ZJ79rtoQiM-vvSfSi2%7EOhFBxCb9jTt4ka3P9E19wFTL4gJ91ZJHyZIzyQdCrADbuagAcMLbLb9jiDTVUVw4yW5NOV4BKcejQXnlBeCozvXmnO7A1ZDOw0m7CasL1d6a3YKIHdjLprbZa9%7E9FuNVRn6p3KISgF2qNbHrefL7YErbATBN8HLiwKBJwJDKkY0FDJ9W-IlbCA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 80337639a3f5e0d8dbbfde6c067e5fa9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 013 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 48. Looking south, general view. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 5, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/7071233c688fd342428cab5df7c7d6e8.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=qZRiT8ZLdNASp3raM3AtSE5PViB7QkgwP7KmIBIl0tp8zz32xvUIc4jULBx9q19OqoqVX3jT%7EbxVjT3WQBhFXOGDvFMWm5zy6j0RILiZhkw5JSqy-73MKY6UmTuXTgGX7QJ6QuoU-ZPuNA0FJ8CgpoYSB-zcDlNMtFvFCQk%7EYytY61xXgDoZnyJYken1iYRrZSq1Rjd0dPZrij5ywO%7EcGs0aoo6ExnaCl41nj9NeElfIYiUm2Lqtf8QzWY9vKCt-Y2v6any39FGB0Le31ieN8z6CVk7NV%7Eki0pEGcOjBeRgACJaRA3YsuhdhmRfxRiu702UacqXd8rBbFBlnSfFkMA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9c0d5f5cb88e6d8b70079f2cafad8ff6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 014 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure, No. 51. General air view. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 30, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/50bfbd4ef9ad9a1ac139bfbb612e14ec.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=G3riMihsHRxCcjdkPYMSDYKwz6mcFEVO%7EGsA0UcePRkDoWdaAUROkCXfqXzRMboisCG0gMYvcCp9zqwXmRpGBBGMWmiiTn0%7Exy36LVZxEhCxSLlHXCJi2MUwvkJU7HWSAX-aV31IjPTJxMtuXwkvDsuVidfoq5I7KgAXz2L9XjRO3CbdtLlU1tStrjimAQwbnl82S52LYUb22BL0zCF1TByiiIH-XUO52dpCS8-uUrhcdkaGqb1Ub1i8u5rXcD%7EMrHEOquJfkukWDYbf9p0YabkGF1LPT2IrZomyvFwh7A31w1k%7EbRKz0q6tN4aY2gMfCvz1zWTA7OqXI8EffRdUEg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0f32bfe0576b5afd9db01f45b03bc3ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 015 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 61. Looking northwest, general view. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 5, 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d00a0ab4f064ae954d5cab2cfa0132f6.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=avH2YPcMx3xFZHI32CAEpMLTfvUJbS8%7E02ZszmRasqIM-FsvTAS9X5tXTNHBSDqBxAQSWLxLqv9D4bPKhyCt8tsl6ThYTcUy6OWZUBNvddr50lz7ktc-RIYYYiE4uXfUjF4leIJ-OELzM1%7EZQMclJZ6mp6bfz1Rts9CZ2Bmbxha2mO6cnFlmVNevw4ilBIrYqFgZKPSZuDfVE2YAHdvPNX9EZmyC0rjGv0FTAXdh%7Et3EfH4Tmjyf4kuwlrPPkjEV83DxujgtSNvINMCkruhF1tgUVMCBu11h8dDW1Xr2CgW6pulCyZKr7f%7EIDwT0Kv8XEk1pdIP9z-yESUuuicCLmw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 11098a4e7ee6d7372d9275b8d9ddcaaa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 016 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge over Anacostia River, west structure. No. 82. Looking south from span "D." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 5, 1966 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/57a11b94791246d76abb004feb357033.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=LZEWpxLDzvh3jaIS9YkNmMrsjvE72FdKmLnwlPbIGgItpLIauHSKZXUcZnFhA99BDyuhbMFdSWpziClRyGZcwUslSlK3K9PP5qGqCOcA51O5ss5yJsRbbdMp9W6w4N3HZ68Au2FB-KyBqX4q9AgS1ZdMjUDQ7Ux%7EF7WF2SljWqKZtJme10eq1J67co1WcFYxdAZv0gdHQNjT696XOxyI5XgGC0TQLMHvHI726%7E5sApf5y3Ay7wEh8PTBNbl5Mhv%7EuMoEtv8oUFcq3mY46yQsHNOQQ7yupaD7rj7MYtnoUhK448xUOJ7azGMnFxR%7EvbnEhtDDqWsJBpoctYNbEb%7E%7EBQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f4a2b0f864d75bea3da197627e5b5543 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 017 Subject The topic of the resource Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge southeast Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways District Deparment of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 1947 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/06a3bb4c0c1282adb06455a1661ee54d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=W3tjvRhH6loe5miYZ62d8T4J%7E2BJttRIYBlM-NovStCH%7Ek3c6BkrEV8IhuzMcZUF3SX6IVq6hDAUpFlmRO2t6XJV0WWDUsIXQyzTn0qAJoCfQ%7EOSsO0CZe8K9stxy1Y9iCPU2A-JsstLMGwwpmXwk0svofMG7ZEgop6jcxd%7ED%7EbyGxiY11LyzfjoQbqAlcKXFTgBKjDJ4bePAPgAPo7S9iFIvW5g-Bu4dYkQ0zpeBq4o%7E7yOZJ9BH%7ExtWdgn8xzJRVcx5%7E8fZi82Vk8fwEqYFhC3KJv2zLeTi2FcKb%7Eao8s8vc2SN5xmapNUcLMtcf5xme9wc1%7Ef5yRtW4VIOX9vsQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 66663078607f8035a7e3e521c02ff186 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 018 Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Description An account of the resource 11th Street Bridge looking toward interchange 'C' site. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways and Traffic Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 15, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/b2ed47820f70b6f84483a4a810be0eed.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=EjqwLowifmHtN2GwKq1obsGacWJBQ3U7m8cqKeNKUbgr7VNXcnBMgF81bcvbf0I3qgMI3y74O9VfW1ouy1FgPvVcviTR94NWlBI1UJS6BuMr1ltofYSaiAB-kQuQsp%7EsKwTiG3gxH7G1WNiYuRMoywn3iOaqUxN-amvzMFTYZLtMHX%7E-GepdfONRH4plwEOnoEk06YzJAEJeA6y1zp05d-X8KHawOLrfR0QP9TX5xMMpu9rzY9raKp4pyM5BB53PCUcuu-nfAK2FiSWqgGZCMhyOKPs77MawSxCevHLJG7EsW18I0M%7E-5Q3GxLqJMnN6MtAV5-xcezLj3AwED045VQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f87d879559915d4acd2d93f42586e6e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 019 Subject The topic of the resource Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource The 11th Street Bridge over the Anacostia River, east structure. No. 29. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 18, 1964 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource American Bridge Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/bcf6311cb0490fee2af9125ac901bc2d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=m-iykdD3GLHlkkO998NdC7XwLvFMXZTZRwSxaO8frblL3X4GB-KwEf2kScdSQqamk%7E3obPy%7EpZqXoAkr4n6xbs518nma6Tl98UeINtd80yg2pxuWHsKhxmIZijX0vQfcGapI2f65bFRKNVEmY1h%7EwxQR2awodKbpXpJeg4EofalxIR6NvGo8%7Er3bqfn4Stj%7EMvDLVmrILCrzZ8ERyVeV88h9Os5P0A%7Ewb0d68gruXaWE2f9cUOh2vD2TUxX6BXUYgeBAmVY6WIC98qx6IfpAbermAfHoDKdpCim%7Eq7pOv4SMH1oWKUX1s97k9af2hCAxCzqFkVTSwl7FXJzyqKBIFg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6eca548ba29bb5e4d7f5e25c4c227807 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 020 Subject The topic of the resource Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Aerial photography Bridges Parking lots Description An account of the resource An aerial view of the 11th Street Bridge, looking north. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource late 1950s or early 1960s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The description and year information with this photograph was crowd-sourced from the group Old Time DC on Facebook. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/fb0488c151a9e6accb26be798a386bf7.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=T%7Ezlw3xzmr98snAdcdeWPSrHlN4XQWbIu7n87OjU53i2rvj-ot8%7ER0HSAsu-EJvgkwNnz05xHOm6IN8QNOYi5RbQ5ToXX46yWO1JGXh4H-GcqJhKraq-HopMhxCrTnLNBPUGuSpPhLGGKxshILkWfO9E440O62llNF8NoyhhmzUZ1G4p1yEzq4%7E7%7EbUxwN5mAq0QROGNO2DgOeH8v5r0jFPYe007W3M%7ETVRV4k4y2l2Uu9TR9Fdh5k1bAoPTnyqgt3qeBrnYYt7XLjdeY8xV9AwSjoxnD8kf1E%7EPNG8xmo-rGr%7EQ0iqk80LohxUlJvQCQAlXB96XSPBxJa9F8zpa%7EQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM a09c43057b320636d114414d6fa38a86 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 021 Subject The topic of the resource Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Freeways Interstate 295 Interstate 695 Description An account of the resource Aerial view of the 11th Street Bridges at Interchange C (junction of Interstate 295 and Interstate 695) over the Anacostia River. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways and Traffic District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 15, 1964 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/aa691303a109f21921c35bd59c05286f.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=uKwFzYzOa4JXH%7ESELuY4V8kUAvjm70RylEnT1sajrgIvd5fcoOrMN1rMnQL7hF9VFgfgmkY3uOCQG0u94zgkzL45DDjSECL8fTMPzTd1jxLotHhNqn3HoJuTNXQaK71sWzcACuex6b%7Ezp5xtQ5gKu4qZTu04DUWVMvXvmiJ2Lab6fnBK3LxSgtseb-BsNDAWNgUHM9aMydtykK3E0foyl%7EvfuWQwICM2LVUhE8nwQaW%7Eu2xZepCKHsvyDT4SCSh8puL6KGyBE4wEOf7j8I1maa-8Mb6gIQZ6x4BLAkXQOH2heJ47qXSt7rqUJT9Pd-5A6uBQSzfE-1I28W8ERMLDSA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7d8f9383fa1ee89f66ab9ba1054a3fd0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge 022 Subject The topic of the resource Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington D.C.) Description An account of the resource Aerial view of the 11th Street Bridge over the Anacostia River and the pilings for construction of a new bridge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District of Columbia. Department of Highways and Traffic District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 15, 1963 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DC Bridges and Tunnels Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Description An account of the resource Photographs of bridges in Washington, DC, including the 14th Street Bridges, Sousa Bridge, Memorial Bridge, Frederick Douglass Bridge, Duke Ellington Bridge, Key Bridge, and more. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 11th Street Bridge Subject The topic of the resource Bridges Anacostia River (Md. and Washington, D.C.) Eleventh Street Bridge (Washington, D.C.) Description An account of the resource Photographs of the 11th Street bridge demolition in 1965, making way for a newer, more modern four lane bridge as a replacement. The bridge was first constructed in 1800, and was repaired after being burned in 1846. Another bridge was constructed in 1873 and replaced again in 1907. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource District Department of Transportation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Prints Aerial Photography Anacostia River Bodies of Water Bridges Construction Projects Eleventh Street Bridge