https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/9a39d0cea8a3fec291f815cfac1f86b2.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=IgUeDUbblJixHPkcXII987RzyKdX5K5YlJoR1ag1QJWXn72yBo5ix6Bm5WD3x9paMBShwwAatqALHifjxozuPDiaRVs2M8uvYNjiEWgxHpE-gOiZrohMNQ%7El31BuUte3wrciglHXVoRpAwY7ipcx9kWMADHWQLNXXojjK126L9yVucJKuiKRSnflJL5Vvuctc14zreruAWdhQXhT9FMMmtsuHBDNsgbVhCGeALpcTxOi5GYym6grkKXoQGulL9kyBvYwBkPzo5iUFrPt1ADrT-HbET-%7EtxmeIgKRaddFfNU7DpT%7EJ0-q2tdMAlMhMlocH9NyqewVN1QLmoq%7EJVkuug__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 57527930a0e3c87341b9168fa4764a3b PDF Text Text �tion. The engineering genius of Lieutenant John Dahlgren (twice commandant of the yard) nurtured this development, and in 1886, the Navy concentrated its ordnance work at what came to be known as the Naval G u n Factory. In addition to ordnance, other notable United States technological achievements at the yard include the first marine railway (1822), the first ship model basin (1898), the first successful shipboard catabult (1912), and a wind tunnel (1914). Expanding to meet the needs of a growing fleet during World War I , the yard designed and manufactured the Navy's first 16" guns as well as the innovative U.S. Navy Railway Batteries that served in France. Mobilization for World War I I resulted in further expansion. While the yard administered the program for production of naval ordnance by private industry, it directed its own efforts to the design and testing of new weapons and the production of 16" guns. When industrial production ceased in 1961, the facility became a supply and administrative center. Once again designated as the Washington Navy Yard, this historic complex has become the ceremo- Washington Navy Yard Historic Land Mark Points of Interest nial "Quarterdeck of the Navy." The Washington Navy Yard, authorized by the first Secretary of the Na\y, Benjamin Stoddert, in 1799, is the U.S. Navy's oldest shore establishment. It occupies land set aside by George Washington for use by the Federal Government. The Navy Yard expanded rapidly as a shipbuilding facility until 1814, when British troops occupied Washington. The yard's first commandant, Captain Thomas Tingey, was ordered to burn the base to prevent its falling into enemy hands. Rebuilt after the War of 1812, the yard continued to construct ships, but by the 1850s, its primary function had evolved into ordnance produc- Quarters "A �6. CowvnruoANT's Orrlcr Tlìis t\\'().st()r,v [rr"riltling ri'as btrilt irr 18i7-18]B t,r provitle otticcs firr tlìe L-()lììtììítt-r,ìarrt ol tltc Yar,l. OligirtÌll1', it r,r'as slrrrc¡undecl bv porclre-.,.rn both strrries, l¡ut ìn l94tJ, nìost of the polch lt'as etrcl,.r.tril ivitli u eatherltoartltrrg. (Ulclg. 1) Washimgton Nayy Yard Pofrnts ofr ilnterest 7. Anacostia River Mnnrrur Rnrwev ol Blclg. 101) ln 18J1, Cornnrotlorc John Rotlsers clcsignccl ¡rnrl bLriLt thc f irst tnaritrc raihi'a]' ir-r the t lLritecl State s. Tlie raih,i'a1' hatrlecl sh ips otrt of thc u rlcr tor repr ir of htrll prescrvation. ln 1823, a pettììauelìt raihvay ar-rcl 1arge, covere rl shiphouse li cre bttilt. (South U 4 /1 ¿t lr 0 tsurlillng Onc fr t¡ L' ii L i I. TH¡ Nnw Mus¡uv Párking l * t ¡ { 9. g I 84 2 S I !: ô s tl li t! .t; 111 \À'as originally corrstr:uctecl a-s the puetrmatic pou,er plarrt for the fbrge shop in 1901. V>lur.rteers, provitled by the Narry's Selt Help Prograrìì, cotìverte(l the power plant into a chapel. ln 1973, the Naq' Yarrl Chapel r,r,as cotripletetl u,ithor.tt destroying the btriLcling's :{ U 175 Á7 'l:!: t, 11:-ì,- ¡ .: I i! 'r! ,' lr; | ,¡ I 'r I , l. i; ; 'J i I 1880-1881, tl-re larger, Victoriarr-style gtrarrl hott-*es r¡,ere bttilt or.r eitl'rer sicle of the origirraL gate. The Latrobe Cate is the natic¡rr's olcle-*t contintrotrsly nrannecl Marine sentry post. 3ó J ¡ i N. St. I 9 u¿ Mtrsetrnr. Future site of e lrr B: (Blclg. 157) Btrilt in Kidder B Sea 10 miles i clís- .i play sliip in tlre uation's capital. She u,as conrtnissionerl on Septerrber 1956, ancl servecl 2ó years in tire Atlar.rtic ancl Pacitlc Fleets. I I 7t0 I I :: ExprRrvrNTAL MoDEI Bnsrru (Blde'. 70) In 1897-1898, thc rnoclel basiu i,r'as ciesigr.rec[ arrtl btrilt r-rrrcler the sttpervision of Naval Constructor Davicl \7at-son Taylor. Sca[e sl-rip rloclels u'ere tou,ecl the length of the 47O-foot basin r¡'Lrile scientific ancl photoglaphic ecluiprììelìt lììeasrlrecl the eifèct of \áater c,1ì the l-rulL. The sotrth er-rcl ol the builcling noi¡. hc,uses the Subrnarine Mtrseunr. Amonq tfre clisplays are a variety of early subnrarines, incluclíng the 1860's intelligerìt 'VThale ar.rcl three trVorlcl \Var I Axis nrini sr-rbs. A Poseiclc¡n missile, specitically clesignecl in the 1970s to be lar-mchecl fì'onr srrbtlarines, is al-so clisp[a]'ecl. ' B C -¡ li t ¡ 1 u I ¡ tat* 2. t 0 ,i .ü Ìi' 183 ., *--_¡___ r:*.. ._ _ Qtrar ters t .l ,l Hor.rse (Quarter,. l.rouse u'as 1 ; :¡ '4L.# fl tf' . :1 1(O Alexarrclria, "l{') This neoclassical-sryle brick btrilt in 1804, ancl was also cle..igrrecl by Lovering arrcl Dyer. Several Victolian aclclitions incitrcie a bay orr the r,r'est sicle of the l-rouse and tl-re glass porch srrrrout.rcling the front arrcl east sicle. In 1977 , the hotrse r'vas clesignatecl as the ofîicial resirlence of the Clrief of Naval Operation-.. D: Tingey t. I tmple (in ar¡,ay) Secor.rcl Oftìcer's Hotrse (Qtrarters "8") Orr October 10, 1801, the Navy- coutracted u'itli the firrn of Lovering ancl Dyer ol Georgetoi,r'n to brrikl a house fbr: the second ofticer arrcl the offìcer ol the Marir.res. TLre n¡'o-ar.rcl-one-hah-story brick hotrse r¡,as built aroturcl a fanuhouse alreacly on the property i¡.her.r it u,as botrght in 1799, rrraking it the olclest btriklir.rg in the yarcl. Part of the tarmhouse stiLl stancls. I $,. 11o ecluip- C: , 21 5. to calibrate optical 'Wasl-rington Monunrent, ancl Masouic Systems )2 .{ 1918-1919 lÌìe1ìt, particularly range-fi|rcling in-.tr:unrerrts nracle in the yarrl. Frolri tlie tolver, siglitings l\¡ere taken c,u d-re I I.S. Capitol, Naval 58 I Bnnnv (DD-933) 4. 2) The fornier Llnitecl States Navy Destroyer Barry (DD(Pier E üLÍ I frorn 1927-1930. The weapons ancl naval harcLvare fbur.rcl in tlie park niake up tLlis outcl<lor extension of the Navy the RrsrRrcrun Accrss A: Latr¡be Cate (Blclg. 3) Designecl lry Benjamin Latrobe in 1804, a orìe-stoty gate arrc[ 1l¿nkir-r.q gtrarcl l-rotrses r¡'ere btLilt in the Creek Revii'al sryle, ancl are orìe ol the earliest exalììple-" of Gleek Revival al'chitecture in the Llnitecl States. Itr 19ó incltr,strial charactet. WrLLnno Pnnr 'ïTillarcl, Lranrecl tor Rear Achniral ArthLrr Lee r¡'as Conimanclant ol the Yarcl lìom 1917-1919 ar.rcl again in stores btrikliLx¿. Tlìe !, ¡ This park is ol the okl Marilre Corps Historical Celrter tnaintains tl-re archival, research, library arrcl rììLrseurÌì faciiities of the l.Initecl States Marine Corps. The Marine Corps Mtiseutn c¡n the tìrst tloor: preselìts the history of the Cotps throtrgh its collection ot liistorical objects ancl u'orks of art. li :) j niicl-19th cerìtur)-,rn the sicle i '1a ¡ 0 Mnnrrur Conps HrsronrcRL CrNruR Pnnrc (Blde. 5B) Thi,s three-story, brick strtlctLrre r¡as btLilt 76 CHaprL (Bklg. 106) This btrilclins 931), is penììalìerìtly ruoorecl at Pier 2 as a pernranent 7 " cl C' 6 ¡, It L-J 2. r¡'h,r 3 1 Lrurz¡ Tlris park is narnecl fbr Rear Aclmiral Ettgeue FI.C. Ler-rtze, who r¡.as Conrnranclant of the Yartl lrom 1903 to 1910. The park is usecl as a paracle groun.l t'ol tolnral alfairs as the "Cerenrolrial Quarterleck of the Navy." Sttrrottncliug the park is a collection of historical bronze ot'cluance captulecl as üophies ol corlbat b1' 11.$. 1s¡6.r. I (Btdg. 76) The Nnr,y Mrrseum, vvhich operiecl in 1963, is housecl iu the fônuer 600-fòot-long, Breecli Mecliarrisrn Sliop of the oLtl Naval Gun Factory. Exhibit-. otfer a look at the traclitions anrl contributions c¡l the Narry throrrglrout Atlerican history. Rrpular attractkrns inclurle the fully riggecl figlitiLrg top fron the fi'igate Corwtittttiut, a subrnarine roonr u,ith operating periscopes, ancl a variety of large guns which can l¡e eler,atecl ar-rcl airnecl by the vi,sitors. 3. 8. 5 Museum Par king 218 t g ) E: The Duclley Knox Center tirr Naval Flistory is sor.rth ot Leutze Park. The center cr¡ntains the Navy Dpartnient Lil;rary, Curator, Ship Histories, Operational Archives, ancl early ancl corìtenìllorary liistory branches. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welcome aboard! : Washington Navy Yard : Historic landmark Subject The topic of the resource Navy Yard--Washington (D.C.) Neighborhoods Description An account of the resource Travel guide and map of Washington's Navy Yard. Please note: This report includes irregularly-sized pages. If the report is not visible, try scrolling to the right or left or using the zoom in (+) or zoom out (-) functions in the PDF viewer window. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Naval District Washington, D.C. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Pamphlets https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e8f159981ae936285dacdd19b7a47b35.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=j1-Bgx%7EJiySSAJHThbcMF%7ElYPWO0T1odOnKlhvUfbCr5OdL67Z9rLyoU381ENQMAAy6w2RjyblH%7EwCRh5H7QZb5jrh8V18TAHmSh4ugmLzdOQj7gwFmEuqYcUaQYG71U%7EwLJPjdIXMnpkHnA6YJwhIQIMSJd5PUK5jF1uVR7jpLb-2oJFTGuYvsm0SD2GDjHqueVXCcvjS1XI1FLGtWOjGlCnZVU3xDe9juyFphR7zZg5c3UbohUAzphXrJuTs%7EFpSrBrx2gMOU7LEBmmEdwgms8a8jAL0DBhX2KuGdpLuJaPtFfY4XZnOJXMUI0jocKRljgLvom0Jq38ijFavGO6Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d889a9702f4e5ad501619b0a43da9066 PDF Text Text D E V E L O P M E N T PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y Y A R D U . S . NAVAL STATION, W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT 1 # - HISTORIC D E V E L O P M E N T �D E V E L O P M E N T PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y Y A R D U . S . NAVAL STATION, W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT 1 # - HISTORIC D E V E L O P M E N T CRANE AND GORWIC ASSOCIATES, I N C . Planning and Urban Design Consultants, Detroit, Michigan In Association with Robert L. Plavnick Planning Consultant, Washington, D . C . �FRONTISPIECE 1960 A e r i a l view of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . �This is one of a series of technical reports dealing with various aspects of the preparation of a Development Plan for the Washington Navy Y a r d . The purpose of these reports is to assemble data and information pertinent to the preparation of the p l a n , to facilitate the dissemination of this information to interested parties, and to encourage comments and suggestions regarding their contents. These reports are therefore interim in character, and subject to review and re-evaluation as the work proceeds. Upon completion of the plan a Final Report w i l l be published, in which portions of these reports and relevant modifications to their contents, w i l l be incorporated. �TABLE OF C O N T E N T S 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction Acquisition and Land Development Physical Development A. 1799-1814 Establishing the Navy Yard through the War of 1812 B. 1815-1829 Shipbuilding Era C. 1830-1860 Beginning of Ordnance Research, Construction, and Other Industrial Activities D. 1861-1880 C i v i l War and Post-War Period of Austerity E. 1881-1898 Industrial Development and Ordnance Construction Prior to Spanish-American W a r . Beginning of N a v a l Ship Research. F. 1899-1919 Spanish-American War - N a v a l Build-Up Prior to World War I G. 1920-1945 Post-War Rigid Economy - Followed by Ordnance Construction and Research up to and including World War II H. 1946-1964 Post-War Decline in Ordnance Construction Elimination of Industrial Activities - Change to Administrative Activities - Reduction in Area by Transfer of Lands to G S A Historic Building Classification Items of Special Interest A. Tripoli Monument B. Trophy Park Addenda A. Reproduction Credits B. Acknowledgments C. Bibliography D. Footnotes E . Index to Street and Park Names Page 1 2 4 15 18 19 �SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Over the last 165 years the Washington N a v y Y a r d has had a distinguished existe n c e , contributing much to the history of the N a v y , of Washington and of the United States. The District of Columbia's boundary marker at Jones Point was placed in April 1791 , and shortly thereafter, in 1793, the N a v y Yard was autho r i z e d . Land for its development was acquired in 1799. The seat of Government was not moved to Washington until 1800, and other than the White House, Capitol and a few public buildings, the N a v y Y a r d was one of the earliest major construction projects in the new C a p i t a l C i t y . The N a v y Y a r d has thus contributed substantially to the Nation's history, as well as to the history of the N a v y through shipbuilding, naval equipment manufacturing, ordnance research development and manufacturing, applied research in many f i e l d s , training and many other areas of endeavor. In preparing a Development Plan for the N a v y Y a r d an awareness and understanding of this distinguished background is essential . In the scope of the work for the preparation of the P l a n , Section I V , A , 1 , a reads as follows: The A & E shall investigate the physical growth of the N a v y Yard and its f a c i l i t i e s . Important periods of construction and expansion i n c l u d ing the original N a v y Y a r d shall be documented. A l l remaining structures and facilities from these areas of growth shall be evaluated in view of supporting research leading to decisions to retain and possibly restore where feasible. The A & E shall submit a report covering this portion of the work. Hence the preparation of this interim report, the purpose of which is to review the physical development of the Yard since its inception and to indicate those buildings, which in the view of the Consultants are of worthy classification as being of historic interest. It is emphasized that this classification is not a determination of buildings to be retained. This determination w i l l be made toward the conclusion of the studies, when the needs of the future have been established and a Development Plan prepared. (1) �SECTION 2 A C Q U I S I T I O N AND LAND DEVELOPMENT Until recent years the history of the N a v y Yard has been one of periodic growth . Since the original Plat was drawn up, purchases and additions of land were made in order to meet the increasing demands of the missions of the Navy Y a r d . It was on March 2 , 1792 that President Washington approved the original plat for the Washington N a v y Yard and established the boundaries for the original 12 acre site (dry land measurement) as the east side of Seventh Street, on the northwest by the south side of Georgia A v e n u e , on the north by the south side of M Street, on the east by the west side of Ninth Street, and on the south by the Eastern Branch. Six years later, on J u l y 2 5 , 1798, President Adams also approved the plat as public appropriation N o . 1 4 . The second acquisition of property, Squares 883 and 8 8 4 , were purchased at a cost of $ 4 , 0 0 0 by the Secretary of the N a v y on January 1 2 , 1801 , increasing the area to about 16 acres . With the f i l l i n g of the area to the south of the original dry land acquisition in 1814 and 1828, the Yard's acreage increased to 40 acres. The Navy Yard's area remained constant for about 75 years until 1902 when the dry land ( 4 . 8 acres) between M Street, Fourth Street, Eastern Branch and Canal Street, was acquired at a cost of $ 1 0 0 , 4 2 4 . 9 8 . This included Squares 8 2 6 , 8 5 3 , and 854 and all streets between them. The remainder of "Acquisition I I I " was filled to create a 1 0 . 5 acre increase in the N a v y Y a r d The Fourth Acquisition,in 1916, expanded the N a v y Yard to the west by adding Squares 7 7 0 , 771 , 801 and 802 between Second and Fourth Streets, S . E . , for a cost of S 4 3 8 , 6 2 7 . 9 2 for 8 . 7 acres. The total increase was about 11 acres. The area east of Ninth Street to Eleventh Street, S . E . , was acquired by Executive Order #1472, dated August 7 , 1918, at a cost of $ 3 5 9 , 4 9 7 . 6 1 , increasing the N a v y Yard by 2 6 . 3 5 a c r e s . A small area to the south was subsequently filled in with the completion of the bulkhead line and the pier construction in 1942. (2) �In 1917, the War Department granted a permit to the N a v y to use a 3 . 5 acre parcel between Second Street and New Jersey A v e n u e . This parcel was subsequently transferred from the Department of the Interior to the Department of the Navy in 1944. The final land acquisition took place in 1944 with the purchase of Blocks 743 and 744 between New Jersey Avenue and M Street, First Street and N Place, S .E . , for S 5 0 2 , 1 5 6 . 9 8 , adding 9 . 6 acres to the Yard . These acquisitions brought the total acreage to 126.80 from the original 37 acres (12 acres dry land) at a total cost of $1 , 4 0 4 , 7 0 7 . 4 9 . 1 On 19 September 1963, the Area Public Works O f f i c e - Chesapeake transferred to General Services Administration custody, control and accountability of 6 0 . 5 acres of land and improvements, being the western portion of the N a v a l Weapons Plant, as excess to the needs of the Department of Defense. The new boundary line for the N a v a l Weapons Plant was established as Isaac Hull Avenue from M Street on the north to the Anacostia River on the south. (3) �sÊ M ¡f¡ v, M 743 7ot MI ts o vl .fi ¡f¡ 60t 770 o ts ar', (f, tl æ2 ¡ 771 o Þ' út SHOP€ LIN€ ( teoo¡ ST N I l- r tooo 977 I ts a o t-- 2 (v OR? ]- e.26 t/, ú; tf, ú¡ o N ',¡J (, 744 Þ Eð3 v, Ø S,F ST 703 d¡ ú¡ l-' út ts a F t, S, 5.F. 954 97e t Þ tool S. o 5. OF o s.Ê ST a F o SF. 7c5 .i ffi ACO NO, ¡ E E üzÊ ACIC! tr,o D1€ ,lttrTft Oß¡qINAL PLAT OTIG¡NAL PLAÏ ?n5/fi3ê aæo.oo t,talvlot o.6t zltlaæa etrattgta 19¿F27.et !!F7¡l E t s7.76 al2u.ea3 ta.aa g?ltata l^l ![ t.a, IOO/0!49C 5t5ttar7 t2.tt ,aac or¡! attttea, ôtrrlø 2 rB g t)t20l1a 7.24 210 t2C.æ ÞSSCRrPlrON COSÏ 4.Ot 48t AREA + ÞATE, FTLLEÞ tcr.r¡3.94 r.404.107¿t e¡LOrC¡g gg9 AN9 814 ¡LOCKS a59.45¿r.826, S.OF t23 Eor. aoa &ocxs 7?o,77t, ALLÊYs IN SITEeT9 Ù ALL ¡,T,I!.!' lLocf$ 95s. et4. 0É3. a?t 9'râ, a'ta sltcÉÎs, ALLÉYS. ¡ PUOL¡g L^N9 lN lll (tt|CL. AltA v{ OF ANACOSTTA D¡rgqCl ItSttYAllON l?:t - tNO ST. .fÞ N.¿ AVÊ. airtf.loNtL SLOCI(S 'l'" a 7'1 óireri¡. aLLcvs. a P\re[!c LANo rNçr REMARXS APPROPR,IAIION .Iô. - PECS YI/A¡HINGIOH APTRoPR¡ATIoN tr4 - Plts ADAùrs PURêHASÊ - CONq. ACl,(t sÎaÎ lzt) PURCHA3t - CONG ACl fS¿ 9141 379' PLTCCHASC - C'ONG¡. ACf l* SÍAT ng7) Aul¡{octzAltoN - coN(¡. Acl lg9 sÎAÎ 3361 ?ur.g¡.tAsÉ - CxCC. OtþÊC ' ra72 AUIHOCIZAT|ON - CONcr. ACl (4O SlAi ?r4l PÊRMII TTOM vvAI OÉ'A:IMCNT AUfHoRlzATloN- coNG. Acl (39 SIAT. lod ÎRAN3FCß FIOfr 9Ê'f OF INTÉTIOE coN9tMNAlrON - CIVIL ACl ' z'lCS TUTXHEAD c,/a?s o? LIIE E'TTâLIg'I3O DY ÊN6nlaR5 ocr. l94o lUi;AU Ç YAiD¡ O Er¡ iIAYAL GUN FACTORY, WASHIiIGTON. D. C. E ilrafi Ç nü ilAYY PROPEPTY MAP tt NAVAL GUN FACTOBY �SECTION 3 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT The physical development of the Washington Navy Y a r d can be divided into eight periods, each of approximately 20 years duration. These periods are closely related to the military and industrial history of our nation, reflecting the pattern of pre-war build-up, war and post-war austerity. Concurrently developing was the great interest in research, ordnance, ships, other weapons, a v i a t i o n , diving and underwater experiments. A. 1799-1814 Establishing the N a v y Y a r d through the War of 1812 As previously stated, the Washington N a v y Y a r d was authorized in 1792 by President Washington on a site between Seventh and Ninth Streets; moreover, the land acquisition was again approved by President Adams in 1798 and acquired in 1799 with the official opening date of October 2 , 1799. It was one of six N a v y Yards approved that y e a r . The first Commandant was Captain Thomas Tingey,appointed in J a n u a r y , 1800, and he served until February 2 3 , 1829. He is considered the "father" of the Y a r d and served longer than any other Commandant. Some buildings were constructed prior to the development and approval of the Latrobe Plan in 1804-05. There appears to be evidence that a l l buildings constructed between 1805 and 1814 were built under the supervision of Latrobe after the approval of the p l a n . However, considerable speculation exists as to the construction dates and architects of the earliest buildings and of those remaining today. President Jefferson made the Y a r d the depository of supplies and the repair shop for the entire N a v y . Many ships were repaired there and the brig W A S P and ten gunboats were constructed in the Y a r d . Latrobe, after the approval of the Plan, was busy designing and erecting buildings, and in 1813 wrote: " . . . a l l of the buildings in the N a v y Yard excepting the House of the Commandant and the stores on the east side of the Y a r d have been built from my design and under my d i r e c t i o n . " 2 (4) �Assuming this statement to be true, only Quarters A (Tingey House) was not designed by Latrobe. There are conflicting stories as to the date and designer of Quarters B, ranging from its presence prior to the purchase of the Yard to its construction in 1801 and even later. Quarters A has conflicting dates from 1801 to 1807, and is attributed to Latrobe by some but denied by others. The Main G a t e was designed by Latrobe in 1805. Irrespective of the dates of construction and the designer, all of these were completed by 1814 and the burning of the Yard . In 1810, David W a r d e n , in a description of the Y a r d , stated, "The Public Buildings at the N a v y Y a r d are the barracks, a workshop and three large brick buildings for the reception of N a v a l Stores. At the Head of the Barracks yard is the Colonel's House, which is neat and commodious. " J In 1814 considerable area was added to the Y a r d by the f i l l i n g of marshy land and the construction of the Wharves. The 1814 Plan was reconstructed by Taylor Peck from a plan of the Yard drawn in 1815 by W i l l i a m Doughty. It shows the buildings constructed during the early years as well as those destroyed by the fire on August 2 4 , 1814. Those remaining included: the Guardhouse at the G a t e (Building * 2 ) , the Residence of the Commandant (Quarters A ) , the House built as part of the East W a l l (Quarters B ) , a Barracks and Offices of the Storekeeper. The Tripoli Monument, erected in 1808 under the direction of Latrobe, was located just inside the Main G a t e . Although it is not shown in the 1815 Doughty P l a n , it is shown in the Peck adaptation of 1814. A description of this monument is discussed later. The first phase of the development of the Y a r d ended with the f i r e . Although it was felt that shipbuilding required deep water ports and easy accessibility to the s e a , shipbuilding and repair would continue at the Washington N a v y Yard. (5) ��B. 1815-1829 Shipbuilding Era After the f i r e , the Yard was reconstructed quite rapidly although the functions began to change. In May 1815, a Board of N a v y Commissioners inspected the Y a r d . Its report stated, " . . .discovered upon investigation that no other N a v y Y a r d in the United States was capable of performing the number and variety of functions performed by the Shops and skilled workmen at Washington." It was decided, therefore, to transfer most of the repair operations to Norfolk but to retain and enlarge the industrial f a c i l i t i e s . It was f e l t , moreover, that shipbuilding could still be continued under the law providing for the gradual increase of the N a v a l establishment. Shipbuilding continued and a number of buildings were constructed, p r i n c i pally two large shiphouses. One (Building T) was built in 1823 over the first marine railway (constructed in 1822), and the other (Building U) was built over a slip in the same period. An ordnance laboratory and foundry was built in 1820 (BuiIding I on map of 1828). In 1827, the Y a r d was designated as the center for manufacturing of items of ships' equipment which more firmly established its industrial character. In 1828, a plan for the Y a r d was prepared showing the existing buildings: shiphouses, quarters, monument s i t e , shops, and storehouses. The plan showed an area for new f i l l i n g and a third shiphouse (never built) and a formal arrangement of six buildings, five timber sheds, and a rigging loft and storehouse on three sides of a timber basin. The most interesting feature was the avenue (20 foot cart way and footpaths) between the Main G a t e and the proposed Commandant's O f f i c e . Photograph # 1 , a view of the N a v y Y a r d in 1834, is substantially the same as the completed construction at the end of 1829. (6) �1828 �In 1829, the Y a r d was downgraded from a first-class yard due to the shallowness of the Eastern Branch. Shipbuilding was transferred to ocean-front shipyards. However, the Washington Yard was to be retained for industrial a c t i vity and for an auxiliary shipbuilding y a r d . 1830-1860 Beginning of Ordnance Research, Construction, and Other Industrial Activities In this period, industrial a c t i v i t y and research in ordnance development increased tremendously. During the 1830's, small sums were spent on c o n struction. Few significant buildings were added to the Y a r d . As a result of the Mexican War in the 1840's, special emphasis was placed on the manufacture of ordnance when it was realized that the U . S . Ordnance System was antiquated. In 1845, an ordnance laboratory was established on the site now occupied by Building #73; in 1847, L t . John Dahlgren, an international ordnance expert, was placed in charge of the ordnance establishment. The first increment of Building #43 (now #46) was constructed in the late 1840's to manufacture cartridge cases. Buildings 1 8 , #19, ana ^20 (present Building #76) had been completed as forge and shop buildings. The Commandant's O f f i c e (Building #1) was built in 1848 and the Trophy Park was placed on the south side of this building. # Photograph #2 is a view of the Y a r d from the Main G a t e about 1840 with the Commandant's O f f i c e at the end of the avenue flanked by shop buildings with additional shop and sheds on the right. The large shiphouse is in the right rear. In 1850, the new foundry, Building #10 on the site of the present Building #22 was b u i l t . Here were manufactured brass cannons, shells, shot, and other machinery. By 1853, the Y a r d was also manufacturing steam engines, new and larger ordnance equipment for both aboard ship and on l a n d . (7) �P H O T O G R A P H 1 1834 V i e w of the Washington N a v y Y a r d From South across the Anacostia River (Eastern B r a n c h ) . Shiphouses built in the mid 1820's. Note �P H O T O G R A P H 2 1840 V i e w inside the Washington N a v y Yard looking south from the Main G a t e toward the Commandant's O f f i c e and Industrial Buildings. ��Buildings # 1 1 , #13, #14, #15, #16, and #1 7 (present Buildings #33, #36, #109) were constructed in 1855 and represented major additions to the manufacturing complex. Building #4, built in 1853, and Building #56 were also constructed for foundry and shop operations. The map of the Y a r d in 1858 shows this period of major construction for manufacturing activities and a general improvement in the appearance of the entire a r e a . The Park, now Leutze Park, appears lined with trees and enclosed by buildings; street lamps were installed and the bulkhead and slips were completed. Also completed were some quarters along the M Street W a l l and the Muster O f f i c e (now Quarters K , L, M ) . Building Z (present Building #58) was completed in 1858-59 for o f f i c e s . Under the direction of L t . Dahlgren, experiments and manufacture of ordnance and gunsights were in full production. The physical layout of the "heart of the N a v y Y a r d " as we know it today was formed. 1861-1880 C i v i l War and Post-War Period of Austerity The Y a r d was in full production as shown in the view across the Anacostia River (Photograph #3). The large shiphouses remained the dominant physical feature. However, the ordnance activities were now the primary function. During the early 1860's, few permanent buildings were constructed; however, in 1860, the Dahlgren Foundry (site of present Building #28) was constructed. It was significant architecturally and unfortunately was removed when the Supply Complex was fully developed after World War I I . During the C i v i l W a r , the use of iron-clad ships further reduced shipbuilding and repair activities and emphasized the manufacturing a c t i v i t i e s . Few buildings were built after the C i v i l War and during the 1870's, because of post-war austerity, the Y a r d reached a "nadir of a c t i v i t y . E m p l o y e e s were dismissed, machinery was out of d a t e , and tools were old-fashioned; another era of major a c t i v i t y began and ended within twenty years. (8) �P H O T O G R A P H 3 1861 V i e w of the Washington N a v y Y a r d Waterfront from south across the Anacostia R i v e r . Buildings N o . 33 and N o . 3 6 , built in 1855, are in the center between shiphouses. New Shop �P H O T O G R A P H 4 1866 View of the Washington N a v y Y a r d between 6th and 7th Streets from N o r t h . Munitions Building in foreground, Ordnance Shop and Laboratory in center, Dahlgren Foundry behind and Shiphouse to rear. Photograph by Matthew Brady and Company. �OF T H E Skowing tke positionanolduneKsions of all the buildings as tkey weTe j N o v e m b e r l " l 8 7 2 . �E. 1881-1898 Industrial Development and Ordnance Construction Prior to Spanish-Ame rican W a r . Beginning of N a v a l Ship Research. During the early 1880's, the N a v y Yard's production activity once again was on the upswing. This was the result of vast industrial expansion in the country and President Arthur's desire to improve the N a v y . By 1883 the manufacture of miscellaneous items for ships was almost completely replaced by ordnance production. A Presidential Board at this time recommended the establishment of two government gun factories for the manufacture of heavy ordance, one for the Army in Troy, N . Y . , and one for the N a v y at the Washington N a v y Y a r d . In 1886 the recommendation was implemented, and the Yard was rehabilitated to meet the gun factory mission. Between 1872 and 1890 the only significant new building was the North G u n Shop, #41 , built in 1887, and the Ordnance O f f i c e , #44, built in 1890. The swampland west of Isaac Hull Avenue was f i l l e d to provide a storage area and future building sites. By 1890 most improvements had been made, including modernization of existing structures. A l s o , at this time, an electric light plant (Building #39) was installed, as was a telephone and electric fire alarm system. Railroad tracks to connect to the B&O Railroad were constructed just west of Sixth Street. In 1897 the Experimental Model Basin, #70, was constructed to conduct experiments on ship hull design and power requirements. It was one of the finest laboratories of the kind in the world and remained in use for nearly 45 years at the Y a r d until the entire function was moved to the David Taylor Model Basin at Carderock, M a r y l a n d . The Map of 1898 shows the elimination of S l i p #4 and the Shiphouse over i t . Except for the construction of a few additional quarters, and Buildings #39, #41 , #44, and #70, the number of buildings and general plan of the Y a r d remained unchanged from the 1872 M a p . With the transition to a G u n F a c t o r y , the buildings became more clearly identified with their functions. Machine shops became G u n Carriage Shop, Projectile Shop, the Forge Shop, Breech Mechanism Shop, e t c . (9) ��P H O T O G R A P H 5 1899 V i e w of the Washington N a v y Y a r d Waterfront East of the Commandant's O f f i c e from the Anacostia R i v e r . Building N o . 7 0 , the new Ship Model Basin, is in the center foreground. �Photograph #5 shows the new Model Basin in the center, the Shiphouse on Slip #1 to the right, and the Commandant's O f f i c e and Trophy Park to the left. In 1898 the Washington N a v y Y a r d and G u n Factory was considered to be the most modern plant in the w o r l d . 6 F. 1899-1919 Spanish-American War - N a v a l Build-Up Prior to World War I The brief Spanish-American War in 1898-99 stimulated manufacturing a c t i v i t y at the Y a r d . Additional land was acquired west to Fourth Street and considerable construction took place in 1901 and 1902. Buildings #73, #104, #105, ana #112 were constructed between Isaac Hull and Petterson Avenues. These were specialized shops for assembling gun mounts and other miscellaneous a c t i v i t i e s . Building #111 , the new Forge, was constructed south of the G u n Carriage Shops in Buildings #33 and #36. Through President Theodore Roosevelt's Administration, construction increased to meet the demands of the expanding N a v y . Also constructed at this time were the new Boiler E l e c t r i c Power Houses that still remain in the G S A area west of Isaac Hull A v e n u e . Although f i l l i n g of the marshland took place e a r l i e r , major c o n struction west of Isaac Hull Avenue (present boundary between N a v y and G S A ) did not take place until this time. The Map of 1911 indicates the rapid construction. In addition to the abovementioned new buildings, Building #76 was extended and Building #41 was enlarged. A new S l i p #4 was built and the wharves were extended westward. The new Fire Station was constructed near the Main G a t e . The Shiphouse over Slip #1 was removed and many buildings were rehabilitated. Building #101 , the Construction and Repair O f f i c e , and Shops were added north of S l i p #1 . Photograph #6 is a view of Adm. Leutze Park looking north toward thefingey House and the Main G a t e . The exact dates for the changes in the Main G a t e were not clear; however at this time it was the Marine Barracks. Photograph #7 is a view from the river of the Experimental Model Basin and the new Building #101 in the right rear. The Shiphouse is removed but the remainder of the waterfront remained virtually the same. (10) �P H O T O G R A P H 6 1 903 View inside the Washington N a v y Y a r d from Leutze Park looking North toward the Main G a t e and Quarters A (Tingey House) to the right. �P H O T O G R A P H 7 1 905 V i e w of the Washington N a v y Y a r d Waterfront East of the Commandant's O f f i c e from the Anacostia R i v e r . Note removal of Shiphouse and construction of Building N o . 101 to the rear. �P H O T O G R A P H 8 1913 V i e w looking north inside the Washington N a v y Y a r d of gun storage yard West of Building N o s . 1 0 5 , 1 1 2 , 104 , 73 and 28 Dahlgren Foundry between Isaac Hull Avenue and Building N o . 7 4 , G u n and Mount Storehouse. ���By 1 91 3 the new Foundry, Building #1 3 7 , was in operation . It was equipped to turn out castings of any size required for ordnance work in s t e e l , iron, or bronze. Photograph #8 shows the storage area surrounded by most of the new buildings on Isaac Hull Avenue to the right rear and the new storage building, #74, on the l e f t . With the continued expansion, additional land between Fourth and Second Streets was acquired in 1916. With the World War I in progress, considerable expansion took place not only in the newly acquired area to the west, but also in the area between Ninth and Eleventh Streets to the east. The 1919 map shows the construction program in the west that completely filled this area with buildings for the manufacture of larger guns and equipment. The supply complex between Isaac Hull and Patterson Avenues was expanded with the construction of the multi-storied storehouses #143 and #176. The eastern expansion was just beginning with the construction of the Barracks Building #166, the Mine Building #172, and the O p t i c a l Shop #159. A comparison of the 1911 and 1919 maps indicates the substantial increase in area and new construction as a result of the w a r . A c t i v i t y slowed down with the Armistice as it had done after each w a r , and this period of great e x p a n sion and a c t i v i t y ended. 1920-1945 Post-War Rigid Economy - Followed by Ordnance Construction and Research up to and including World War II As after most wars, a period of rigid economy set i n . N a v y appropriations were reduced and employment fell from a peak of 10,000 during the war to below 3 , 0 0 0 in 1924. This reduced level of activity continued through the late 1920's and into the early 1 930's. Photograph #9 shows the eastern portion of the Y a r d , mostly undeveloped, with Marine R a i l w a y , Commandant's O f f i c e and Shop in the upper l e f t . (11) �P H O T O G R A P H 9 1 925-1926 A e r i a l V i e w , east end of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . Building N o . 166, Bainbridge H a l l , is in right foreground and Building N o . 175 in the upper right (Industrial Building), 11th Street and 11th Street Bridge on extreme right. Note Trophy Park south of Commandant's O f f i c e in upper left hand corner. ��The only building constructed in the early 20's was the dispensary at the north end of Patterson A v e n u e . In the late 20's and early 3 0 ' s , the Red Cross Building was converted into a N a v a l Reserve Armory and a small smelting plant was constructed. The map of 1935 shows the small rate of expansion and change. With the election of President Franklin D . Roosevelt and his special concern for N a v a l strength, a c t i v i t y once again increased. In the latter half of the 30's, Buildings #166 and #184 were completed. Building #195, now Quarters U; Building #196 (Ord nance Storehouse - now N A V C O S S A C ) ; Building # 197, Assembly Shop; the Mine Testing Tank; Building #200, the Administration Building; Building # 2 0 1 , Building Trade Shop; and Building #202, Assembly Shop, were constructed. The map of 1941 reflects the a d d i tion of these large buildings, used mostly for ordnance manufacturing, which are now located in the G S A a r e a . Additional buildings were proposed at this time for manufacturing and training activities in the center and eastern portions of the Y a r d . In 1942, Y a r d acquisition was completed with the purchase of the land between New Jersey Avenue and First Street, S . E . While manufacturing activities operated on a 24-hour, three-shift basis with nearly 2 5 , 0 0 0 employees, the Y a r d became the headquarters of a vast production system. Important work was done in the design and development of new ordnance equipment. By 1945, the construction program was completed. The Y a r d contained about 200 buildings of various sizes and shapes. During the w a r , the five piers were constructed and all but Slips #1 and #5 were filled i n . The bulkhead on the eastern side was completed. A number of large shops for various purposes, storehouses and other special purpose buildings were constructed mostly in the extreme east and west ends of the Y a r d . A small structure, Building #214 was erected to accommodate the Deep-Sea Diving S c h o o l . After the conclusion of hostilities, the Yard's activities once again tapered off. (12) �t I \ l I q ,l .l \ I ò - s.( I ri ¡i tr t: It ií I / 7 I T ! , Yt¡tl ¡a.'id "l ol ,! 'l t, iiä=| -'ã ! ò I I J ry \ \ { \ \ \ \ (^ o cl \ z-\ \ t ¡ E¡â¡, Fl[ lr I , , c 70 e t I a l¡¡3ælllæ¡t:ällitgllt:¡- ¡ c r* r rs4 o t o o õ U a c D¡ oc I ¡ o lacc r I f-,Url o , a t 9rr ¡ o il?h tor { €lr 6 t t t 3.E J o ahl o l, 4E { u Eil +6 O o o .} 3L { o ? ç J I O Uil]: t Po t l a r ! I t a { ø sÊ -¡ o t , ! ¡ 3. l- a. ß r a Ava o Ë tr t¡ !l t o 3 t a a. , tt c a o u o ¡, (' ¡ - t C-¡{a .. .l o rl I c L ( t r I L ti t r L ¡8sËsi$årt¡- !-'¡'<"onr-"¡ôæ lEÊ{!íEllltrÈrtiEi¡¡tËialtl¡l:¡Ê;:¡ñE 9¡ rr! a ! I ô ¡ ¡ t 3 I EÊE¡¡ Ë¡:Ë¿:=589e¡¿¡ÈË¡;lt¡8 �H. 1945-1965 Post-War Decline in Ordnance Construction - Elimination of Industrial Activities - Change to Administrative Activities - Reduction in Area by Transfer of Lands to G S A On December 1 , 1945, the official title of the N a v y Y a r d became the U . S . N a v a l G u n F a c t o r y , the true title of its operations since 1886. With the end of the W a r , the large cruisers and battleships were being retired and the need for heavy ordnance was diminishing with the advent of missiles. In 1959, the name was again changed to The N a v a l Weapons Plant, a reflection of its primary function: the manufacturing of guided missiles, electronics, and other modern weapons, including missile launchers, optical equipment, mines, torpedoes, e t c . This a c t i v i t y was s h o r t - l i v e d , for in M a y , 1960, a gradual shutdown of industrial activities began and was completed in 1962. The map of 1947 shows the completed N a v y Y a r d for virtually nothing was built after this date . The only changes have been in the uses of many of the buildings and the creation of additional parking lots from the athletic field and other small open spaces. In J u l y 1962, the western half of the Y a r d , about 60 acres, was transferred to the General Services Administration, although the N a v y retained temporarily a few buildings in the G S A a r e a . The name was changed again to The Washington N a v y Yard Annex of the Washington N a v a l Station to properly reflect the current activities: administrative, supply and storage, and a few training functions. The Y a r d now houses a number of naval field activities and tenants such as N a v a l Command Systems Support A c t i v i t y , Armed Forces Police Headquarters, Navy and Marine Reserve Training Center, O f f i c e r Family Quarters, and the Support and Recreation A c t i v i t i e s . S i g n i f i c a n t l y , a number of the large multi-storied shops and storage buildings have been converted to office buildings, including #157, #196, #210, #219, and #220. Many buildings are used by N a v a l and C i v i l Defense Storage and (13) �b.t¡r A a c D 3 'C;-.r? t J tt¡C ll ll Oltìcr , 7 tr 2C z, 2C 7) ll ,3 ,T ¡ô ao al la t, ,? 58 ft 60 6l e { 67 aa 10 7l 1¡ ,a t¡' ?6 tol tol ra¡ .cO toâ toa rct roi rtÕ itl |lL ul lró $t il9 ,ut tat ¡2C rto t-iL--Jr------r+- 2ll 202 rlo lo¡ t60 t9? C¡A¡3 ttE r5t J ¡]l o' 2 c. t?s 2 Þ 201 t- ¡ 75 .l3l l¡¡. r¡tl Srot |lt Itt ral ra6 r5t |rnhqrr (ìa.r.6 A. ¡art + Cryrr¡lt Ct- 3hc, Itt alrt a Cdrñ.! Cr.. ttrt Úa øü¡c.l hrlbr. lÈ3jn¡ trll tt7 ¡l'rlütol t¡lod¡l lo¡in t6t O¡l Ìota n.o. llod.l !ðih ßt ¡¡. L¡r tlf2a.-iñlb þ ll- a lrsilt¡f,¡Astr lÇ.¡r b|or-a ¡.1 ¡Þ la lñ.h ll.ch. .tS! frj fr f ortc¡rcó¡ti!.rllt - -;¡ã 7-t ¡tal tt .b.. lac ¡lo?.1. r67 tb ta. ¡nl I Ercoûl¿. ÉL ta, la À U.ô.t5ry ùrl tro -, t¡ ¡mtt ¡cç 3t., t¡, )t2 L.lrtrt ¡. ll.O.L. & lñatclio l7t ¡lat I rta lI- I Udir¡ Slr¡ tìt a.^..ar glþt t't t¡.t 3a 7crt ara trr tt rtd,a! ¡ u.a. tr.vy lota trl l¡l !t CotFr tnith sroP rra tlt ¡t tt loal? taos.. t-, lt ÈtFr PLnt raa ti !t ¡t1-! & srioP a¡ C¡ar ß rll rat Itr D¡et SYrhÊñ EútEñ|. X..¡ r.atre' lJ¡¡cà t Èl'tl Slo¡ t¡a .l rtt iæa¡rill. li.ll- l¡naltl ^ tæ flta ¡lhtîr.|5¡Hri ! - 50 ELctm¡.1 rtl ral ùú¡,'! ra{ . tt3 rta l9t r9E rtt to0 !ol tol tol toa tot toa !ot rE+ t3 a t---¡ I af. ¡¡o t"t tt t a. liia. &rri¡rr.t t ledtr a a a t ¡ MAP OF z d a a 2t+ 2lt. a NA'{L GUN EACTORY WASHINGTON, D. C. rr9 U.S. lþ- ta s'd¡¡å Ér.Añr.ÀS¡\¡lt Orlk.l tljal¡æ Sho? lt aGr-i ll,aa Lld 3ld{a ¡¡*l tioir'. 3La ,lt:¡ l¡ra toa Civrl Pàlicr &foriar G¡f¡ Gr¡¡Ò toa aiut¡þû. tro ¡¡. !rd9. t. N.oLr¡o'di. !lÇ¡t, ta.l -a Oú Etñ¡. lil ¡l.llt'r.& ùâ^lt é lt3tò¡O¡' tlt tlíhb.& lnr¡.Ordn. to.f Ofia tt¡ tra ffi.i &bl tt¡ ñ-orl¡a ¡al tra ceÍr¡r (rronrgclttrrl trt Sh"a¿a.. )aqs tta f{ov. Rò¡.4m. ùl(O.L. t{ahltiñ lt¡ e.t{. r.¡rb.J'. 8tå. e$lrzo¡ù¡ ttc lv¡.tlca 016. 8ldõ. 9bó 5¿r t¡r rl.t t I o¡r ¡æ¡jr¡r¡oå ¡r. a2 Ge.ôa aa 3+{r c"r Llrt tt5 a : a FioÎCHAC RIVER NAVAL colJIHA¡Io l¡Ò O(¡ st'h¡. & $E t¡S¡lt nåf Èt ¡ Oú^AmUy !rolc¡front Olfi cr¡.5¡op tQfrr. slppU ùr¡lhg Adñ. Bldo. 06¡0-Ploñ &.E¡t. OJr ¡à- ll tu¡Ër#Trú S¡ú' a I a t I Sh,e S.Èr. Ul¿i,rt ¡. ¡¡.1d I fãf- U6a tir.t o Þ ¡a ,'t-t) Orro¡r^t sl.a Stþt l+ ^Ctl'ltla lhr LAn tl¡r$t gt t f¡.r llÇ tr{ Îu.ñ.r. t5t t¡-t¡foL thor !l oËG.l Shol 3¡ú, !a t¡a3 ftuñ.ÞJt lat.¡lrt. 3it !l 2ña 3lrt. lit ll 3rl. alrr. t¡., 20 ¡ 3^.1¡ltr alh..3àtltr tl¡-¡lrlt Slæ Shop 26 Èttrm llie FtGàc S¡rt. I Sàñ ¡ ùrt l L.¡ tart 6rÞtl !ùr.ñra" ^tlt ¡iñth ttÉ3t Cct trt. ù¡-.íraìa èthçlle:lta3 Iod Odnc¡ l¡b.aiQr Ltt¡t Sr.æt 9r.Ò 0âr x¡li 3lt?23 3lr¡ t 3uargrlSrtY¡r añl 3lñ¡r- bl gllt 3a On.. C.tt Cl-ìLt Cl¡oniac ll¡r¡r¡Cñtb? Dit nltt ñtF Novol Ôrts..l¡¡a.di Fìlr:H..- ¡}{OL. 3l¡l !lAr¡¡¡ ttúî¡! h Lill¡n 4.." fc..rlñt trlbì ¡.r!, t-tna¡.t U bTri ! F ilt. t+2 tf Uaa rtt d s a tFot i, aúa 3úa ¡qrat ltaràc ¡à.t lC Sltal 7ondry r!a o I CA¡O 6ova.ññañl û o t(¡taNo¡ a ! OO õ u I I a -o aL 2 tai¡c.lloñaoua Slona F 39 t?6 E: I. Èotùt/ B t72 r95 lj D.C. G6mr 5t It .ll 4 il6 t37 o Coæalc tima Olli4 ¡hl(rn. Cñployia SFìc6 Sclir 3\op ? Ann.¡ ¡!! Shop lE 8Gh Mch bb'tory Officrr À N.O.L. O.!igñ 9. Shop + Cort.idq. Côs Shot úl¡littoL.¡¡-F.at Ore ¡æim loæ¡! bq.iat CriiLcrrgrfeam ûrlû¡.r a¡úá.?a l (þrár¡ A 3r-t¡xr J t I õoo nooooootooo 2r0 200 ilt þh¡cL StoFgr alrr 12' Lu¡ch lærl r &Shopztraññ.¡ t J¡¡3rlæü lmpoty Stor.hdaa (Èr Srr¡l ¡.caivlng Shlppt^9 S.ctloñ thop I Añm¡ 3 22 t ¡¡ ; ?IJ I ro4 7 ¡?ot^al -i {fr il3 f t67 t70 uxa¡a 220 il9 ¡ oooooÞoo¡¡o r69 .r¡¡.t.o.c t33 2t6 I A IE¡ o_E-h ¡. tlÞP I Cvñ Co.rloga Añn.¡ lào, I cuñ Conlogr eaaü 6hop t Gì¡r! Ccrlogr Ar'ær &: rZ____ S ?. *tñ-¡ r:ã.l ¡ñ IJ a ,l Adñi^¡ttrcl¡w Otlkr E¿Asr. to SlrtU Ott¡.? (¡r!. 0¡iñ O.Fáñcr Itl¡dicol Ofüc t{6.F. a Arat. irF lotarLrrt L.o.F. x Êrao;å.a¡.| OllìG.. t Pn¡4I Úllic$ L ld.tit.O+f leìogñrrt tE rSA rã. lt ¡ OlllalnCh.e Pt ññiñ d. o À¡bl¡c lùt¡¡õfic lñatæil- Oltta t aãtltjr Otñ.t a ? A-t.ta ãiü¡ñg Ofi¡cr OÇic'acr¡r ac€. OFiffi I b5.áüt otfE br:firr Ot?ht ^ar¡lrrl 5n ¡¡Ðcb ll-r Cæ;rì.ir¡t Oñcar h ¡-rr¡ P-l Lt Aatultñl a P.¡ trçtóa È" lvrÊta.tata, & ttf 2Þ A-t tr!a65 OtOc (tañr Êtc-a!, t o.q. !'ilc'¡r ¡.¡ri.nt re Hrdicd Olir o-tl a-d ll*t. Olî|c.. f e{¡ ¡-r. 0.a¡96 Otfic.r. (x.G.F) Lld A.t. i. t4/¡ O?llc ? ¡1. ¿o5 l¡utttrìtGåñt ¡.G,; Chi.l ôl . tF.{ sHoWrNG COl{OtTtO}tS OI JUNE 30. tg47 rroolloD.þo1'¡ ct.a. 0.a¡. u3 Àa.¡ ¡r. Ottb Elþ¡ú C-- 3C[t Ç ?tF? -1 4 c o .\ Þ.' €; ,s 4 Rl v I ß "4ì �P H O T O G R A P H 10 1960 V i e w of Waterfront of Washington N a v y Y a r d looking east. Admiral W i l l a r d Park in center. �Building #76 is now the N a v a l Historical Display Center, a museum of N a v a l history. Photograph #10 shows the existing waterfront, its pier for N a v a l ships, and W i l l a r d Park, an outdoor display area of N a v a l vessels, ordnance, and equipment. The Frontispiece is a recent aerial view of the N a v y Y a r d . With the change in mission to administrative a c t i v i t i e s , the large special purpose structures in the western portion neither could be utilized for other industrial uses nor could many of them be converted to office buildings or other uses. Thus these buildings became surplus to the needs of the Department of the N a v y and the lands on which they were erected were transferred to the G e n e r a l Services Administration. The resultant reduction of the N a v y Yard's acreage from 126.8 to 6 6 . 3 acres—almost that of the initial acquisition plus the area between Ninth and Eleventh Streets—dramatically signified the end of over 160 years of shipbuilding and ordnance, and equipment research and manufacturing. (14) �4 3 2 5 I 7 6 il ro 9 r5 t4 r3 t2 2 v¿ @ s M A s.É ST 238 2i7 205 o "l U) È Ø G.S,A. il9 202 I B rf,4 74 N il3 t67 - t- 27 c Ø t6(' z 294 266 N r58 F È c 0 00 t9? 7 t59 0 00 : À = PLACE t ù D E q ô FED€RAL t88 r73 - o !¡ ill 271 !$ PROPERIY t59 E ST. E c= 242 AREA WSST OF ISAAC HULL UNDER SERVICES ADMINISTR TION (GSA) F 2s5øt GENERAL OUSTODY s G 7 N SCALE IN A rlo o rao 4 FEÊT 300 ato DEPARTMENÎ OF THE NAVY 600 U.5. NAVAL STATION G n 7- I.IAVY OWÍ{ED BUILOING 6 BIJILDING OR STRUTTUR€ STRUCTURE ITl{DER GSA CUSTODY i:::::::l UNO€RGROUND 9TRUCfURE FENCE ÊXISÎING RAILñOAD TRACK ryF SHORS LINE STßEET OR PAVgD AREA GASOLINÊ PUMP OFFICE OF fHE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS' wAsHtNcT D.G MAP OF r> E STAÍION EN]ìÀNCE GATE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD ANNEX U.S. NAVAL STATION SHOWING CONDITfONS AS OF I JULY 1964 �SECTION 4 HISTORIC B U I L D I N G C L A S S I F I C A T I O N In 1963-64, National Capital Planning Commission and the Commission of Fine Arts created a Joint Committee on Landmarks to advise the Commissioners in the i d e n t i f i c a t i o n , documentation, and classification of landmarks in the National C a p i t a l . The Committee established the following criteria: Landmarks are those objects or buildings, natural or man-made, of signiticant historic or aesthetic v a l u e , the preservation of which w i l l contribute measurably to our cultural heritage, and the visual beauty and interest of our living environment. Places are those spaces or groups of buildings that possess significant historic or aesthetic values that are not a quality of any single part of the space or group, but a quality of the w h o l e . ^ and created four categories for the classification of landmarks: I. Landmarks of great importance which contribute significantly to the national cultural heritage or that of the District of Columbia and its environs, and which must be preserved. II . Landmarks of importance which contribute significantly to the cultural heritage or visual beauty and interest of the District of Columbia and its environs, and which should be preserved, or restored, if possible. III. Landmarks of value which contribute to the cultural heritage or visual beauty and interest of the District of Columbia and its environs, and which should be preserved, or restored, if practicable . IV. Buildings, O b j e c t s , or Areas of Interest which merit further study before classification or omission. (15) �The Committee's preliminary list was released on November 8 , 1964, and included in Category II the Navy Y a r d , with particular reference to the Main G a t e (Latrobe G a t e ) ; Quarters A (Tingey House), Quarters B, and Building #1 (Commandant's Office). In order to maintain consistency with the work previously done, the categories used by the Landmarks Committee are used in this historic survey. A l l buildings have been investigated and visually surveyed as to their historic interest by the consultants and classified accordingly. At this time, it is not intended to establish that any building, with the exception of the Category II buildings, w i l l remain. This resource with the comments and recommendations of the Department of the N a v y and those agencies and organizations concerned with historic preservation w i l l in the planning phases to come serve to assist in making the final determination as to the historic and aesthetic value of the various structures within the Washington Navy Y a r d . Category I No buiIdings Category II Quarters Quarters Building Building A - Tingey House B 2 , Main G a t e # 1 , Commandant's O f f i c e # 1807 1801 1304 1848 Category 111 Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters C, E, H K, N, R V D F, G 1879-80 1880 1880 1868 1866 1890 1890 L, M O (16) �Category III ( c o n t . ) Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Bui Iding Slip #1 , #21 , Pattern Shop #33, Heavy Machine Shop #36, Heavy Machine Shop #44, Ordnance O f f i c e and Supt. O f f i c e #46, Brass Cartridge Shop - Dungeons c 1848 #57, Inspection O f f i c e #58, Storehouse - Marine Barracks #59, Comd't Garage & Greenhouse #60, Toolhouse - Quarters A #61 , Greenhouse - Quarters A #73, Shop #76, Breech Mechanism Shop #104 (North and South portions only) - Shop #105, Shop - N a v y Band Hq #106, Forge Shop Pneumatic Plan #108, Laboratory & O f f i c e Bldg. #109, Shop #112, Shop - S a i l Loft - N a v y Bank Hq Marine Railway 1879 1855 1855 1890 1858 1866 1859 1854 1848 1848 1902 cl849-1879 1902 1902 1901 1855 1 902 1822 Category IV Building Building Building Bui Iding #22, #41 , #70, #111 Foundry - Gun Shop G u n Shop - Plating Shop Experimental Model Basin (North half only) - Forge Shop 1855 1887-1897 1897 1902 The Historic Building Classification Map indicates the location and category of the above-named buildings. A l l other buildings are considered to be of no historic value. (17) ��SECTION 5 ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST In reviewing the historic development of the Navy Yard two features of special interest were i d e n t i f i e d , other than the historic buildings previously mentioned. Although these features have been moved or eliminated, they are considered worthy of special mention . Tripoli Monument In J u l y , 1804, the U . S . N a v y was blockading Tripoli in a war against the Barbary pirates. As a result of that a c t i o n , six young officers and midshipmen were k i l l e d . Soon after these events, their fellow officers assigned a portion of their salaries to pay for a memorial to the private friendship and admiration of their fellow officers. The people of Washington raised a fund for the relief of sailors injured in the brief battle. Since more than enough was contributed, the trustees of the fund donated the unused funds for the erection of the monument. It was prepared by the Italian sculptor, M i c a l i , and erected under Latrobe's supervision in a small square inside the Main G a t e in 1 8 0 8 . During the War of 1812 it was muti lated by the British . In about 1829, the monument was moved to the Capitol Grounds. During the reconstruction of the Capitol in 1860 it was moved to the N a v a l Academy in A n n a polis, where it has remained. Trophy Park The Trophy Park appears in the early plans of the N a v y Yard on the river side of the Commandant's O f f i c e . The first evidence of its existence is in the 1858 Plan of the Y a r d and it continues to appear on Yard plans as late as 1936. The Trophy Park appears to have been laid out shortly after the construction of the Commandant's O f f i c e to embellish the "front y a r d . " It consisted of a semi-circle of captured N a v a l cannons graduated from the center by size with other guns and stacks of roundshot placed between this semi-circle and the o f f i c e . (18) �P H O T O G R A P H 11 1954 V i e w of the Tripoli Monument on the grounds of the U . S . N a v a l Academy, Annapolis, Maryland P H O T O G R A P H 12 1875 V i e w of the Trophy Park South of the Commandant's O f f i c e in the Washington N a v y Y a r d . �SECTION 6 ADDENDA A. Reproduction Credits Department of the N a v y U . S . N a v a l Photographic Center U . S . N a v a l Station, Washington, D . C . Photographs: Frontispiece, #2, 4 , 10, 1 1 , 12 Library of Congress Washington, D . C . Photographs: #1 , 3 National Archives N a v y Department Washington, D . C . Photographs: #5, 6 , 7 , 8 Peck, F . T a y l o r . Round Shots to Rockets, A History of the Washington N a v y Y a r d and U . S . N a v a l G u n F a c t o r y . Annapolis, Maryland: U . S . N a v a l Institute, 1949. p. 65 Map: 1814 Public Works O f f i c e Washington N a v y Y a r d Washington, D . C . Maps: Acquisition M a p , 1828, 1858, 1872, 1898, 1 9 1 1 , 1919, 1935, 1 9 4 1 , 1947, 1964 Photographs: #9 (19) �Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the following persons in the compilation of this report: American Institute of Architects Librarian - M r . George Pettengill Columbia Historical Society M r . Robert Lyle Department of the N a v y O f f i c e of N a v a l History Director - Rear Admiral E . M . Eller Assistant Curator - Commander D. V . Hickey Assistant Curator - Captain F . K . Loomis Chesapeake Division of Bureau of Yards and Docks, U . S . N a v y Executive Assistant to District C i v i l Engineer - M r . E . J . Hanable Director of Planning - M r . W i l l i a m Bower Public Works O f f i c e , U . S . N a v a l Station M r . G . Coe M r . E. W . Winkler N a v a l Historical Display Center, U . S . N a v y Director - Captain Slade Cutter Museum Specialist - M r . O . W . Nichols District of Columbia Public Library Washingtoniana D i v i s i o n , Curator - Miss Edith R. Saul The Joint Committee on Landmarks, National Capital Planning Commission Commission of Fine Arts Chairman - M r . Francis D . Lethbridge Library of Congress Division of Maps - Mr. Richard F . Ladd Division of Prints and Photographs - Miss V i r g i n i a Daiker (20) �National Archives Audio-Visual Division - Mr. Paul White N a v a l Records - M r . Richard A . von Doenhoff National Geographic Society Illustration Editor - M r . Herbert Wilbur Magazine Research - Mrs. Martha Hightower National Park S e r v i c e , National Capital O f f i c e of Design and Construction History Division - M r . Steven Lewis National Trust for Historic Preservation Mr. Anthony P. Wrenn Smithsonian Institution Curator of C i v i l History - D r . Richard Howland Curator of N a v a l History - M r . Philip Lundburgh Individuals: M r . Stephen Adams Mrs. Elizabeth Draper Rear Admiral W i l l i a m K . Mendenhall (Ret.) (21) �C. Bibliography Adams, Stephen T . "Research Conducted on Tingey House, Quarters A , N a v y Y a r d , Washington, D . C . " Bohn, Casimir and Tayor and Maury. Bonn's Handbook of Washington, 1852. Washington, D . C . 1852T Bohn, Casimir. 1856. Bonn's Handbook of Washington, 1856. Washington, D . C . Bohn, Casimir. 1860. Bohn's Handbook of Washington, 1860. Washington, D . C . Bryan, Wilhems Bogart. A History of the National Capital from its Foundation through the Period of the Adoption of the Organic A c t , Volume I , 1790 - 1814, Volume 11,1815 - 1878. The MacMillan C o . , 1914 Caemmerer, H . P . , Prepared by. Washington, the National C a p i t a l . Washington: U . S . Government Printing U t t i c e , IYSZ. ~~ Centennial History of the C i t y of Washington, D. C . published for H . W . Crew by the United Brethren Publishing House: W . J . S h i r e y , Publisher, 1892. D a v i s , Madison. "The N a v y Y a r d Section of Washington" . Historical S o c i e t y , Volume 4 , pgs. 199-221 . Columbia E b e r l e i n , H . D . and C . V . Hubbard. Historic Houses of George-Town and Washington C i t y . Richmond/Virginia: The Dietz Press, I n c . , 1958. H a m l i n , Talbot. Benjamin Henry Latrobe. Press, I n c . , 1958. New York: Oxford University Hibben, Henry B. Navy Y a r d , Washington, History from O r g a n i z a t i o n , 1799 to Present Date . Washington: U . S . Government Printing O f f i c e , 1890. (22) �K e i m , de Benneville Randolph. Keim's Illustrated Hand-Book of Washington and its Environs, 1888. Washington: Copyright 1888 by de B . R . K e i m . "Landmarks of the National C a p i t a l , Preliminary L i s t " . Report to the National Capital Planning Commission and the Commission of Fine Arts by the Joint Committee of Landmarks, November 8 , 1964. Morrison, O . H . and W . H . Morrison. Morrison's Stranger's G u i d e for Washington C i t y . Washington: 1868. P a u l l i n , Charles O . "Washington C i t y and The O l d N a v y " Read before the Columbia Historical Society March 18, 1 9 3 0 . Volume 3 3 - 3 4 , pgs.163-178. Peck, F . T a y l o r . " A History of the N a v a l G u n F a c t o r y , Washington, D . C . " Dissertation for Georgetown University, February 9 , 1950. Peck, F . T a y l o r . Round Shots to Rockets, A History of the Washington N a v y Y a r d and U . S . N a v a l G u n Factory"! Annapolis, Maryland: U.S. N a v a l Institute, 1949. Robbins, Thomas H . , J r . Rear A d m i r a l , U . S . N a v y Commandant. "Report on Tingey House" May 1 , 1962. Smith, Delos. "Historic American Building Survey" 1937. " U . S . N a v a l G u n F a c t o r y , 1799 - 1956, 157th Y e a r , Annual Report". Department of the N a v y , N a v a l G u n F a c t o r y , 1957. Vandegrift, E . R. and I . Bassett. General History and Illustrated Descriptive Book of the U . S . N a v y Y a r d at Washington, D . C . Washington, D . C . : The WiIkens-Sheiry Printing Company, 1906. (23) �Footnotes 1. Public Works Department, " U . S . N a v a l Weapons Plant, Washington, D . C . Pictorial Resume of the Command's Development 1799-1958" (Washington, D . C . , August 31 , 1 9 5 9 ) . 2. Letter from Benjamin Latrobe to Secretary of Navy J o n e s , February 2 , 1813. Latrobe Collection of Letters at the Maryland Historial S o c i e t y , Baltimore, Maryland. 3. David Baillie W a r d e n , A Description of the District of Columbia, (Paris, 1816). 4. F . Taylor Peck, Round Shots to Rockets, A History of the Washington N a v y Yard and U . S . N a v a l G u n Factory (Annapolis, M a r y l a n d , 1949), p. 7 2 . 5. I b i d . , p. 170. 6. I b i d . , p. 188. 7. Report to the National Capital Planning Commission and the Commission of Fine Arts by the Joint Committee of Landmarks, "Landmarks of the National C a p i t a l , Preliminary List" (November 8 , 1964) p. 1 . 8. Ibid . , p. 2 . (24) �Index to Street and Park Names The following streets were named for former Commandants of the N a v y Y a r d : Dahlgren Avenue Harwood Street Isaac Hull Avenue Kennon Street Montgomery Square Paulding Street 1861-1862 1862-1863 1829-1835 1841-1843 1863-1865 1853-1855 The following streets were named for officers other than former Commandants of the N a v y Y a r d : Charles Morris Avenue Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks c . 1850's Kidder Breese Naval Officer c . 1860's Parsons Avenue N a v y Surgeon c . 181 O's Sicard Street Chief of Bureau c . 1880's Warrington Avenue First Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks c . 1840's The following parks were named for former Commandants of the N a v y Y a r d : Admiral Leutze Park Admiral W i l l a r d Park 1905-1910 1927-1930 (25) �8 9' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Development plan - Washington Navy Yard, US Naval Station. Technical report 1 - historic development Subject The topic of the resource Navy Yard (Washington, D.C.) Neighborhoods Urban development Description An account of the resource Technical report 1 of 3, relating to the historic development of the Navy Yard in Washington, D.C. Image scans from this report can be found <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/items/show/299" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Navy Yard images">here</a>.<br /><br />See <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5944" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 2</a> and <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5950" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 3</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crane and Gorwic Associates Robert L. Plavnick, planning consultant Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1965?] Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/965489a7078cea75652cd4f573365eda.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=pD6RTvSWdsI6oX0CF6LTBkUgGdMhLZl0vxJT-bLSjyZs0ri8A5fILs9UuyTcZJZ8T2RhZa4uzTDEftG7OyU8YxflsUasVAc1c70MeJ%7E-QFDwkDpn8n4BweZEXf8LoR8E-usdfgxQEd-T%7EgmnabKcpSgx2ZW9qwV8TavL7Mf3QSsq4n-a3mgya5tWC0JWnSSuQCraOi9hGPShvPnvZXq8UhSmdbvtaSrE6VofKD%7EDJRuHJSkHtRoay0jx4y7%7ETE70D%7EE1Cglw6Uo7h9CfrwRsAm3-AA-mhRzsVv9mk8QDJZWIUbgIK3EzuK2Nygtaz-AyypyClAdVc%7EVgTWnp9BMerA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ed01da06cc46f4524de41e2b689a80af PDF Text Text DEVELOPMENT PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y YARD U. S. N A V A L S T A T I O N , W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT #2 - SURVEY AND ANALYSIS �D E V E L O P M E N T PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y Y A R D U. S. N A V A L S T A T I O N , W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT #2 - SURVEY AND ANALYSIS C R A N E AND G O R W I C A S S O C I A T E S , I N C . Planning and Urban Design Consultants, Detroit, Michigan In Association With ROBERT L. P L A V N I C K Planning Consultant, Washington, D. C . August 20, 1 965 �FRONTISPIECE I960 Aerial V i e w of Southeast Washington . Navy Y a r d in Foreground. �This is one of a series of technical reports dealing with various aspects of the preparation of a Development Plan for the Washington N a v y Y a r d . The purpose of these reports is to assemble data and information pertinent to the preparation of the plan, to f a c i l i t a t e the dissemination of this information to interested parties, and to encourage comments and suggestions regarding their contents. These reports are therefore interim in character, and subject to review and re-evaluation as the work proceeds. Upon completion of the plan a Final Report w i l l be published, in which portions of these reports and relevant modifications to their contents, w i l l be incorporated. �TABLE OF C O N T E N T S 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction The Environmental Conditions A. Location B. Rail Transit C . Bus Transit D. Freeways E . Local Streets F. Land Use Physical Features A. Topography B. Flood Plain Land Use and Circulation A. Land Use B. Bui Iding Use C. Circulation D. Parking Condition of Structures A. Structural Evaluation B. Functional Evaluation I. Functionally Adequate I I . Functionally Obsolete I I I . Bulk Obsolescence C . Current Plans D. Historic Buildings Existing Population Evaluation A. Significant Buildings B. Site Determinants Addenda A. Reproduction Credits B. Technical Appendix 1 2 7 9 14 20 23 �SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The process of Survey and Analysis is but" a prelude to the preparation of a G e n e r a l Development Plan. It examines the conditions at hand, analyzes the relationship of the site to its immediate and distant surroundings. It evaluates the structures according to various criteria and examines the population composition and its d i s tribution throughout the N a v y Y a r d . The findings recorded in this report w i l l form the basis for the program and subsequent planning. The scope of the work for the preparation of the Plan, Section I V , establishes in detail the criteria for the Survey and Analysis of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . The following are the areas of investigation set forth: Survey and Analysis a. Historical Review (Technical Report #1) b. Existing Population c. Existing Physical Features d. Existing Structures e. Existing Land Use and Circulation f. Existing External Conditions g. Evaluation At the conclusion of the Survey and Analysis, a general evaluation of the most pertinent factors affecting the Y a r d was made. The evaluation represents an i n v e n t ory of the historic, functional and environmental assets, which in the view of the Consultants serve as a basis for future development. It is emphasized that this evaluation is not f i n a l . This final determination w i l l be made, after receipt of comments from the N a v y , and when the needs of the future Program have been established and a Development Plan prepared. 1 �SECTION 2 THE E N V I R O N M E N T A L C O N D I T I O N S A. Location The Washington N a v y Y a r d , established in 1799, is located in southeast Washington on the Anacostia River. It is most prominently located in the foreground of the Capitol and is connected to the Capitol v i a New Jersey Avenue, one of the radial avenues of the L'Enfant Plan, a distance of less than one mile. The original plan of the Yard and many of the early buildings were designed by Benjamin Latrobe who was also involved with the design and construction of the C a p i t o l . Prior to the transfer of 60.5 acres of the N a v y Y a r d to the G e n e r a l Services Administration, the Y a r d was 126.8 acres in size bounded on the north by M Street, S . E . ; on the east by 11th Street, S . E . ; and on the west by 1st Street, S.E . With the reduction in s i z e , the west boundary was moved to Isaac Hull Avenue. B. Rail Transit Within the context of the proposed 1985 Plan, under preparation by the National Capital Planning Commission, the N a v y Y a r d w i l l be a major employment center on the proposed high-speed rail transit system. In the 1962 Mass Transit Plan, one of the major rail transit lines went through the Y a r d in the v i c i n i t y of 8th Street, S . E . This route was selected to permit bridging the Anacostia River rather than tunneling, a more expensive a l t e r native . The National Capital Planning Commission staff recommendations on that plan included a tunnel location in the v i c i n i t y of 5th and 6th Streets, S .E ., to better service the new employment center and to avoid damaging the historic area of the N a v y Yard and an unsightly bridging of the river between the 11th Street and South Capitol Street Bridge. The 1965 Mass Transit Plan now pending before Congress to construct a rail transit system relocates the line from the N a v y Y a r d to one proceeding from the Capitol due east to the D . C . Stadium, across the Anacostia River at the rear of the East Capitol Street Bridge and to a terminus in the v i c i n i t y of 2 �MAP # 1 �Benning Road and Kenilworth Avenue. Although this initial construction authorization is not indicated as the first stage in the development of a more extensive rail transit system for the Nation's C a p i t a l , the 1985 Plan w i l l undoubtedly consider it as such and w i l l indicate the extension of a R a i l Transit Line through the Yard in a succeeding stage. The National C a p i t a l Transportation Agency has stated that the total system in the 1962 Plan w i l l be required to meet the long-range demands of the population growth of the Region. The and and S.E via the C. Rail-Transit Line as proposed w i l l have two stations between the Capitol D. C . Stadium to serve the N a v y Y a r d . One station, at Pennsylvania North Carolina Avenues, would serve the Y a r d v i a 4th and 6th Streets, .; and the second, at South Carolina and Kentucky Avenues would service 11th Street, S . E . In the interim, prior to the extension of rail service to Y a r d , improved shuttle bus service would be required. Bus Transit The existing D . C . bus system provides service from the Y a r d to a l l parts of the city directly or with minimum transfers. Additions to the service upon greater internal use w i l l be required, especially shuttle service to the rail transit stations. A shuttle service connects the N a v y Yard to the Anacostia Annex, the N a v a l Station and Boiling F i e l d . The DOD Shuttle Bus circulates through the N a v y Y a r d and connects the Y a r d to the Pentagon, the N a v y Annex, Main N a v y Building and other DOD f a c i l i t i e s . D. Freeways The southeast section of the Inner Loop Freeway (Interstate 1-695) has been completed from the west to 5th Street, S .E . One of the 11st Street Bridges (Interstate 1-295) has been completed, and the eastbound bridge is under construction. These bridges and their approaches w i l l be completed in 1967. The remainder of the Inner Loop, Interchange " C " and the East Leg to Pennsylvania Avenue are scheduled for completion in 1969. The Anacostia F r e e way on the east side of the Anacostia River is completed and open . Traffic from the N a v y Y a r d to the Anacostia Freeway uses the South Capitol Street 3 �and 11th Street Bridges. The entire Inner Loop with connections to the Northeast Freeway (Interstate 95) and the Interstate 66 to the west are scheduled for completion in 1972. E . Local Streets The local street system in the environs is primarily the original grid-iron system. M Street, 4th and 6th Streets (paired) are in the Federal Secondary System. With the opening of the F r e e w a y , M Street w i l l be a collector street for the a r e a . N Street connects the Y a r d with the 11th Street Bridge and 11th Street (going north as an additional artery). The Highway Department also considers 8th and 11th Street as arteries. However, the National C a p i t a l Planning Commission has requested that 7th Street be used in place of 8th Street. The local street system (directional movements) shown on map #8 has not been f i n a l l y approved by the D. C . Board of Commissioners to d a t e . Access to the N a v y Y a r d is obtained from 8 t h , 9th, N and O Streets. F . Land Use The existing land uses in the area can be best categorized as a mixture of residential with pockets of commercial and light industrial a c t i v i t y . For many years, this area was primarily an industrial one due to the influence of the N a v y Y a r d and the proximity to the Anacostia River. With major portions of the Potomac and Anacostia River frontages in public ownership, short s e c tions of the Anacostia River, between F t . M c N a i r and the Y a r d and along the Georgetown waterfront, were the only locations for concentration of w a t e r front service industries in the c i t y . East of the N a v y Y a r d is a natural gas storage area which is used only as an auxiliary f a c i l i t y by the Washington G a s Light Company. The waterfront upriver from the Y a r d is owned mostly by the National Park Service with a portion in the immediate v i c i n i t y of the bridge owned by the Department of the Army and used by the Army Reserve. 4 ��To the west, beyond the G S A a r e a , the area south of M Street and east of South Capitol Street, is primarily used for distribution a c t i v i t i e s , warehousing, food processing, bus and truck maintenance and storage, open storage and other light industrial a c t i v i t i e s . Beyond South Capitol Street is the Southwest Urban Renewal Area south to M Street. The uses along South Capitol Street in the project area include a motel and public f a c i l i t i e s of an industrial nature. The area west of South Capitol and south of M Street is residential to P Street and industrial to the river. The area between the Southeast Freeway, 7th Street, M Street and 2nd Street is almost e x c l u s i v e l y used for public housing in row houses, w a l k - u p and elevator apartments with the exception of the Evening Star Newspaper offices and plant at V i r g i n i a Avenue and 2nd Street, S.E . Between 7th and 11th Streets, south of the proposed Freeway to M Street is an area of mixed r e s i dential and commercial a c t i v i t i e s , generally of very poor q u a l i t y . The G S A area of the Y a r d is used for both administrative and warehousing a c t i v i t i e s . Buildings #159, 160 and 213 have been converted to administrative type a c t i v i t i e s , and the F i e l d Plant for the Government Printing O f f i c e w i l l be constructed on the site formerly occupied by Building #294 near 1st Street. The remaining buildings are used primarily for storage . The D . C . Government operates a sewage pumping station, an incinerator and a truck garage east of 1st Street along the river in the southwest corner of the Y a r d . The proposed land use for the N a v y Y a r d environs as projected in the 1985 Plan is at present under study and remains an open question. It appears that the public housing w i l l remain for some time due to the c r i t i c a l shortages in the public housing inventory. The area immediately north of the Latrobe G a t e to the Freeway w i l l be subject to some form of redevelopment as w i l l the storage tank area to the east. To date, the proposed uses are not established. The large area to the west is a l l of very poor quality and does not afford a favorable entry into the city or a desirable pattern of land use. Recommendations of residential, Federal office buildings,and improved light industrial uses have been suggested. However, no final decisions have been made. 5 �In general, the condition of the environs is poor except for the public housing and the Evening Star plant. The character is a mixture of incompatible use. South of the Freeway some form of public action can be e x p e c t e d . North of the Freeway, much of the area is being redeveloped through private r e h a b i l i tation. The South Capitol Street Portal and the riverfront w i l l also change. The north side of the Anacostia need not match the large open space character of the south side. However, a park-quality with pedestrian access is desirable. 6 �SECTION 3 P H Y S I C A L FEATURES A. Topography Since a sizable part of the N a v y ' s portion of the Y a r d was created by the f i l l i n g of the Anacostia River, the topography in the filled areas is relatively flat compared to the sharply rising topography of the original lands on the east side. G e n e r a l l y the elevation of the bulkhead line is 10 feet ( N a v y Y a r d DatumN Y D ) . Mean Sea Level on the N a v y Yard Datum is 4 . 5 feet above Mean Sea Level Datum (1929 general adjustment) used by the mapping agencies of the U.S. Government. Along 10th Street, the topography rises at a 2 % grade to twenty feet adjacent to Building #166. The rise continues at the same grade to N Street and then changes to a 4 % grade to M Street and an elevation of 54 f e e t , the highest point in the Y a r d . The change in topography along Parsons and Dahlgren A v e n u e s to Kidder Breese and N Streets is about 1 % to an elevation of 24-26 f e e t . Then both rise at about 4 % grades to M Street. Paulding and Patterson A v e n u e are relatively flat to the sharp elevation change north of Building 21 . This steep slope at Paulding Street is about 24 feet high while Patterson A v e n u i has an 8 % grade to Warrington Avenue east of the N a v y Band Headquarters. Isaac Hull Avenue rises only about 6 feet between the bulkhead and the M Street w a l l , a grade less than one half of one per cent. The Y a r d generally rises from its three corners to the northeast. B. Flood Plain The three most recent high water actions were the high tide in August, 1933 and the floods of March, 1936 and October, 1942. At F t . M c N a i r in March, 1933 the water rose to an elevation of 15.6 feet ( N Y D ) . F t . M c N a i r and the N a v y Y a r d would be affected to approximately the same elevation as the result of either tidal or f l u v i a l action of the Potomac River or a combination of both. 7 ��The flood of March, 1936 inundated the N a v y Y a r d to an elevation of 14.7 feet ( N Y D ) while at F t . M c N a i r the water level was 15.8 feet. In October, 1942 the N a v y Y a r d experienced its worst flood in modern times when the water level was over 16.0 feet ( N Y D ) . The photograph on the next page, taken looking south on Patterson Avenue shows Building #104 in the foreground and the effect of the flood. Subsequent to the 1936 flood, Commandant's Order #747 established a design flood level for the N a v y Y a r d at 17.5 feet ( N Y D ) . It appears that this s t a n dard has been followed in a l l new construction since its release. The Army Corps of Engineers has recommended revised Design F lood Lines for this a r e a . The 50 Y e a r Flood Line would be 16.5 feet ( N Y D ) and the 100 Y e a r Flood Line at 18.5 feet ( N Y D ) . The Corps recommends 1 .5 feet of f r e e board for either wave action or possible f l u v i a l high water in the Anacostia River,although wave action at the N a v y Yard would not appear to be a serious problem. Therefore, the Corps recommends that the Design Flood Lines should be 18.0 feet and 20.0 feet, respectively. New construction at Boiling A i r Force Base is generally at the equivalent of 18.0 feet ( N Y D ) . However, some buildings are placed at the equivalent of elevation 20 f e e t . It is recommended that the Design Flood Line be re-established at 18.0 feet ( N Y D ) , which would appear to afford the Y a r d reasonable protection. Within this elevation a l l structures used for offices or material that cannot withstand damage should be either above the Design Flood Line or the buildings must be waterproofed. Automobile parking could utilize this space most adequately since an eight hour flood warning can be expected. The use of many of the historic buildings, i . e . Buildings #33, #36, and #76 could be seriously affected unless flood protection was provided, since these floor elevations are about elevation 12 feet ( N Y D ) . The shaded area on the topography map indicates the area inundated to e l e v ation 18.0 ( N Y D ) , w h i c h represents Design Flood L i n e . 8 �1942 Flood Record. V i e w Looking South on Patterson Avenue from Warrington Avenue. Taken at 8:00 a . m . , October 1 7, 1942. Building #104 in right foreground. �SECTION 4 L A N D USE A N D A. CIRCULATION Land Use The existing building uses within the Y a r d have been generalized into a land use pattern for the purpose of this survey. The N a v y classification for M i l i tary Real Property served as a basis for the six planning categories used in Map #4. Large consolidated groupings are evident in the diagram, in addition to small scattered uses. The Floor Area Ratio (i . e . the relationship of total building square footage to square footage of land) is slightly over 0 . 8 . This ratio is quite low, indicating a general under-utilization of valuable land. The six land use classifications are as follows: 1. Administrative (Administrative offices, training, research and testing) 2. Residential (Quarters and barracks) 3. Community f a c i l i t i e s (Residential services, recreation, medical f a c i l i t i e s , exhibits) 4. Warehousing and Maintenance (Storage, utilities, buildings and ground maintenance) 5. Parks 6. Parking (Parking lots) The administrative uses are consolidated in Buildings #44, #57, #108, located to the south of Admiral Leutze Park and at the northwestern end of the yard, between 11th Street and Parsons Avenue. In addition, the Deep Sea Diving School is located to the south on the Anacostia River. E �MAP # 4 �The bulk of the residential quarters are located in the northern portion. They wrap around Warrington and Charles Morris Avenues, giving these streets a distinct residential f l a v o r . In addition, there are three isolated family housing sites. One is located at the intersection of N and 10th Streets, another situated between 10th and 11th Streets, south of M Street, and the third at Building #1 . Two buildings—#58 and #166—contain barracks type accommodations . The Community F a c i l i t i e s are concentrated in three locations. The first is west of Isaac Hull and south of Warrington Avenue. The second is between 9th and 10th Streets, south of M Street. The third group extends from Paulding Street to 11th Street, north of O Street. Warehousing and maintenance uses occupy primarily the western end of the yard from Isaac Hull to Paulding Streets. With the exception of Admiral W i l l a r d Park, maintenance occupies the majority of the riverfront. A portion of the block north of Montgomery Square and west of Parsons is devoted to that use. The Parks are concentrated in two locations. Admiral Leutze Park, defined by Kidder Breese Street, Dahlgren and Charles Morris Avenues, is the most distinctive and pleasing open space in the Y a r d . It is used for ceremonial occasions and provides a fine setting for the surrounding buildings. Admiral W i l l a r d Park (east and west)extends from Isaac Hull to Paulding Street along the Anacostia River. Used for some ceremonies, but more particularly for the display of various objects of naval interest, it is not as w e l l landscaped or maintained as is Leutze Park. Adjacent to it are four slips ( #303 - #306) used for berthing ships stationed at the Y a r d and to accommodate visiting vessels. Parking lots are located in three areas at the southwestern corner of the Y a r d . B. Bui Iding Use While the land use diagram illustrates the generalized building groupings, a more detailed breakdown based on the N a v y Category Code Classification for Real Property is listed below. Map #5 shows predominant use within each building. 10 �M A P #5 �MAP 6 # �M A P #7 �The amount of gross floor area in each category classification and its percentage of the total floor area is as follows: (see also Maps #6 and #7) Table 1—Floor Area Distribution by Category Code 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 102,221 sq. f t . 139,356 102,565 Operation and Training Maintenance and Production Research, Development and Testing Supply Hospital and Medical Administrative Housing and Community Facilities Utilities and Ground Improvements 4.40% 6.02 4.41 833,685 27,794 579,942 516,762 18,854 Total 35.92 1 .21 24.96 22.26 0.82 2,321,179 sq. f t . 100.00% Table 1 reveals three major activities in terms of utilization of floor area: Supply (400), Administrative (600), Housing and Community F a c i l i t i e s (700) — the largest single a c t i v i t y being Supply. Maps #6 and #7 show the location of each separate code classification for Military Real Property within the N a v y Yard. C. Circulation Due to its industrial history the N a v y Yard has an extensive amount of roads and pavement. Streets, service areas, street parking and parking lots honeycomb the Y a r d (Maps #8 and #9). The percentage of the area devoted to roads is 32 % of the total, or 21 .21 acres. G e n e r a l l y the circulation pattern is a modified gridiron. The north-south streets have some degree of regularity, whereas the east-west streets are less organized. Access from one point to another is not always d i r e c t . The points of ingress and egress do not provide an easy flow of t r a f f i c . The Latrobe G a t e 11 �M A P #8 �is very constricted as a means of vehicular access. The width of the streets vary throughout. For instance, Warrington Avenue has a pavement width of some 30 f e e t . The portion used for circulation is diminished by two rows of parallel parking. Patterson Avenue has a pavement width of 45 feet diminished by two rows of parking, while Dahlgren has a width of 35 feet with parallel parking on both sides. The pedestrian circulation takes place primarily along street sidewalks. These, however, do not line the streets in a regular fashion. This makes it necessary for the pedestrian to walk within the street pavement. A pedestrian system more closely related to the distribution of population and buildings, with a maximum separation of pedestrian and vehicular movements, is desirable in future planning. D. Parking Parking is divided between parking lots and parallel street parking, along with a nominal number of cars in garages. The total number of cars accommodated is approximately 2 , 4 3 0 . This amount represents approximately one car for every two personnel, discounting visitors. The following table summarizes the parking situation. Table 2—Parking Distribution Street Parking Parking Lots 1688 spaces 742 spaces Total 2430 spaces Ratio of Building Area/Parking Space 2,321,179 sq. ft ./2430 spaces Ratio of Employee (including residential population)/Parking Space 5868 Employees/2430 spaces 12 960 sq . ft ./parking space .4 employees/parking space �MAP # 9 �Parallel street parking is at best a make-shift solution to the problem. It restricts the flow of vehicular circulation and tends to increase the probability of accidents. Future studies w i l l aim at consolidating the parking into a c o h e sive pattern. The reorganization and consolidation of land uses into a distinctive pattern should form a strong objective in the proposed Development Plan. W h i l e some current uses w i l l be strengthened, other obsolete uses w i l l be diminished or dropped completely. Secondly, the proposed system of vehicular circulation should facilitate the free and safe flow of t r a f f i c , i . e . a simple and straightforward road pattern, designed s p e c i f i c a l l y to serve the buildings. In addition, stationary vehicles should be stored in convenient locations, organized in an esthetically pleasing fashion and designed to minimize the obstruction of moving t r a f f i c . Thirdly, in future planning the pedestrian should be given greater priority than exists today. A primary system of pedestrian movement w i l l minimize conflict between pedestrian and vehicular t r a f f i c . 13 �SECTION 5 C O N D I T I O N OF STRUCTURES The evaluation of the structures has several purposes: to determine structural c o n d i tions, to examine the suitability of the buildings in terms of their functional e f f i c i e n c y , to evaluate their historic and esthetic merits along with a historic priority c l a s s i f i c a tion, and to list the projects under current study for renovation or conversion. The evaluation of these factors w i l l decide which facilities to retain, restore, c o n vert or demolish . It w i l l assist in the determination of the extent to which the existing facilities of an a c t i v i t y satisfy the requirements established by the N a v y , and where necessary the determination of changes in the current use of facilities in order to achieve the best operational and functional requirements. A. Structural Evaluation Structural Condition is normally a major factor in determining the worth of existing buildings. However, in the case of the N a v y Y a r d , because of the high level of maintenance, construction and repair, most of the buildings have a prolonged life expectancy. O P N A V Form 11000-2 w i l l evaluate each building individually in terms of the estimated remaining l i f e . However, in terms of a general evaluation of the structural condition of these shore f a c i lities, they were not found to be structurally deficient except for Quarters S, T , W , Y and Buildings #142, #151, #218. B. Functional Evaluation By far the most significant factor in the review of existing buildings is f u n c tional evaluation. The N a v y Y a r d has throughout its history modified its function to meet the demands of changing times, from shipbuilding to ordnance manufacturing to administration and supply. This resulted in the alteration of a great number of buildings, or in some instances, the demolition of obsolete structures. With the abandoning of ordnance construction and the elimination of industrial a c t i v i t i e s , a large number of buildings no longer serve the o r i g inal function for which they were designed, while some altered buildings are inefficient in their utilization of space. 14 �In For the purpose of classification the buildings in the N a v y Y a r d have been divided into 3 groups as illustrated on Map #10. I. Functionally Adequate: Listed in this category are the buildings c o n sidered to be functionally adequate. They include the buildings used presently for the same function for which they were originally designed. In addition, a number of buildings converted in the past from their o r i g inal purpose have acquired a character considered adequate. For example, Building #58, the Marine Barracks, was originally built as a storehouse. Its subsequent conversion to accommodate personnel has resulted in the continuance of harmonious design and appropriateness of function. L i k e w i s e , Building #7 was originally constructed in 1848 as the " O x Stables" . With the advent of the automobile, the building was converted to a garage. It functions w e l l in that c a p a c i t y . This classification does not, at this time, determine whether a building shall remain or not, but classifies buildings in terms of their present adequacy. II • Functionally Obsolete: Included are converted buildings where the layout and proper functioning of the buildings are not satisfactory. Unlike the buildings in Category 1 , above, the arrangement of the floor plans—dictated by the original framework—does not represent the best functional standards. For instance, Building #21 C i v i l i a n Cafeteria #1 was originally built as a Pattern Storage Shop. It is 30 feet wide and 276 feet long. This proportion is not suitable for a cafeteria where it is customary to minimize the distance between the line and the furthermost t a b l e . Moreover, the cafeteria proper is on the second floor which is not as desirable a location as the first floor. III • Bulk Obsolescence: As a result of conversion, many buildings originally designed for ordnance manufacturing and industrial activities are being utilized for storage. These buildings have very high ceilings, mezzanines, overhead equipment, rolling cranes and a l l that goes into industrial buildings. When used for storage of low bulk objects, a fraction of the available height is u t i l i z e d . For instance, Building #104 is forty feet 15 �M A P #10 �A B O V E LEFT Functionally Adequate: Building #58, Marine Barracks A B O V E RIGHT Functionally Obsolete: Building #21, Cafeteria N o . 1 LOWER LEFT Bulk Obsolescence: Building #143 (South Section) Storage �high. The floor area is fully occupied, whereas the bulk of the objects stored is such that about 25 feet of space to the roof structure is not utilized. The problem of efficient utilization of bulk exists in most of the industrial buildings converted for storage use. In addition, some converted office floors have c e i l i n g heights of 15 feet, well in excess of the normal height found in modern office buildings. The photographs on the preceding page illustrate a typical building in each of the above categories. C. Current Plans The N a v y is contemplating a series of current projects slated for remodeling in the Washington N a v y Y a r d (Map #11). The projects range from rehabilitation of some structures to a complete conversion of two buildings. W h i l e some projects are only under study, others are in the process of having final plans and specifications prepared. The following are projects under consideration. I. Chief Petty Off i c e r s ' C lub—Building #211 : Final plans and s p e c i f i c a tions have been completed to renovate the building for a C P O C l u b . II. Chesapeake Division, Bureau of Yards and Docks—Buildings #57, #44 and #108: Final plans and specifications for renovating C H E S D O C K S portion of these buildings were to have been completed in early J u l y . III. N A V C O S S A C T — B u i l d i n g #196 and #175: A construction contract to rehabilitate the second and final portion of Building #196 for this a c t i vity has recently been awarded. An A & E has been selected to prepare final plans and specifications for the third increment for N A V C O S S A C T . A similar treatment is contemplated for Building #175, which if executed, wi 11 perpetuate the existing pattern of development, making redesign of the area more d i f f i c u l t . IV. Marine Barracks—Building #58: Complete rehabilitation of this structure to improve the living conditions of personnel quartered there has recently been approved by the Marine Corps. 16 �MAP h 1 �V. Cafeteria #3 and #1—Buildings #169 and # 2 1 — A feasibility study to improve C a f e t e r i a #3 has been completed, and a similar study for C a f e teria #1 w i l l soon be underway. VI. O f f i c e r s ' Mess—Open-Building #101: A project to plan for necessary improvements to the O f f i c e r s ' Club w i l l commence upon selection of an A & E firm. VII . Expansion of the Deep Sea Diving School—Building #214: action has been taken . Nooffi cial V I I I . N a v y Band Headquarters—Buildings #105 and #112: To be rehabilitated for fire and safety protection. The preparation of a Master Plan and Development Plan w i l l substantially affect a l l the buildings in the Washington N a v y Y a r d . Some structures w i l l be removed while the remaining w i l l be affected by new conditions and relationships. It is in that context that the Consultants strongly urge a delay in the remodeling or conversion of any structure until the study is completed, in order to insure that the new construction w i l l f a l l in the desired overall framework and support rather than frustrate the objectives of the Plan. D. Historic Buildings The Technical Report #1—Historic Development traced the development of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . A l l the buildings were investigated and surveyed as to their historic interest. They were classified on the basis of the four historical categories established by the Joint Committee on Landmarks. The categories are as follows: I. Landmarks of great importance which contribute significantly to the national cultural heritage or that of the District of Columbia and its environs and which must be preserved. II. Landmarks of importance which contribute significantly to the cultural heritage or visual beauty and interest of the District of Columbia and 17 �its environs, and which should be preserved, or restored, if possible. III. Landmarks of value which contribute to the cultural heritage or visual beauty and interest of the District of Columbia and its environs, and which should be preserved, or restored, if practicable. IV. Buildings, objects or areas of interest which merit further study before classification or ommission. The Buildings under historic classification were evaluated by the N a v y and verbal comments were returned to the Urban Design Consultants. The b u i l d ings in Category IV were completely eliminated. Several buildings were moved from Category III to Category I I . A number of buildings in Category III were classified in Category l V . For planning purposes the Joint Committee on Landmarks' classification w i l l be replaced by a parallel N a v y Category Classification: A. Buildings of great importance to naval history which should be preserved or restored. B. Buildings of value to naval history which should be preserved or restored if practicable. C. Buildings of interest to naval history which merit further study before classification. Map #12 has been revised to conform to the new N a v y Historic Classification Table 3—Historic Classification Category A: Quarters Quarters Building Building A — T i n g e y House B #1—Commandant's O f f i c e #2—Main Gate 18 1807 1801 1848 1804 �Building #57--Inspection O f f i c e — C H E S D O C K S O f f i c e Building #58—Storehouse—Marine Barracks Building # 1 0 5 — S h o p — N a v y Band Headquarters Building #11 2 — S h o p — S a i l L o f t — N a v y Band Headquarters Slip #1—Marine Railway 1866 1859 1902 1902 1822 Category B: Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building Building C,D E,F,G H K,L,M N,0 R V #33—Heavy Machine Shop #36—Heavy Machine Shop #46—Brass Cartridge Shop—Dungeons #59—Commandant Garage and Greenhouse #60—Toolhouse—Quarters A # 6 1 — G reenhouse—-Quarters A #76—B reech Mechanism Shop #106—Forge Shop, Pneumatic Plan #108—Laboratory and O f f i c e Building #109—Shop 1879-1880 1880 1880 1868 1866 1890 1890 1855 1855 c . 1848-1858 1854 1848 1848 c . 1849-1879 1901 1855 Category C: Building Building Building Building #21—Pattern shop #44—Ordnance O f f i c e and Supt. O f f i c e #73—Shop #104—(north and south portions only) Shop 1879 1890 1902 1902 At this time, it is not intended to establish that any buildings w i l l remain with the exception of those in Category A . Categories B and C represent the priority with which these buildings w i l l be examined before any decision is reached. The requirements of planning and programming w i l l affect that decision. 19 �M A P #12 �SECTION 6 EXISTING POPULATION The current population of the Yard covers both military and c i v i l i a n personnel . It is estimated at 5868 persons. This figure includes working personnel in the Y a r d , as well as the population quartered in the Y a r d but not necessarily employed there. In terms of land u t i l i z a t i o n , the density, based on an employed population of 5151 persons is 77 persons per a c r e . The quartered population is excluded from the density since it is either engaged outside of the Y a r d or included in the Yard personnel. The following table shows the population breakdown by category codes for Military Real Property, and its utilization of floor a r e a . Because of the classified nature of some buildings, the precise category breakdown of its personnel was not always a v a i l a b l e . Consequently, some assumptions were made in order to complete this table. Table 4—Personnel Classification Gross Area Personnel of the Yard Operation and Training Maintenance and Prod . Research, Dev. and Test. Supply Hospital and Medical Administrative Community F a c i l i t i e s Utilities and Ground Imprv. 228 582 722 267 105 2691 547 9 Total 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Population 5151 2,077,976 717 243,203 5868 2,321,179 Per Pe rson 102,221 sq.ft . 450 s q . f t . 240 139,356 102,565 142 833,685 3120 27,794 265 579,942 215 273,559 500 18,854 2096 Residential Population 700 Housing Total Population 20 340 �M A P #13 �Map #13 illustrates the distribution of the personnel are grouped in the northeastern #219. In addition a concentration occurs in Building #176. This category involves population in the Y a r d . The administrative portion in Buildings #200, #210,#212, at the western boundary along Isaac Hull more than 5 0 % of the Yard personnel. Housing and Community F a c i l i t i e s account for the second largest population group. Individual quarters are located along Warrington and Charles Morris Avenues. The Marine Barracks, Building #58 and Bainbridge H a l l , Building #166 represent the bulk of the remaining residential quarters and are both located in the eastern half of the Y a r d . The Community F a c i l i t i e s are located in the central portion east of Paulding Street, Buildings #76, #101, #184 as well as along the northern boundary of the Y a r d , Buildings # 2 1 , #105, #169. Research Development and Testing f a c i l i t i e s occur primarily in the northeastern portion in Buildings #126, #196 and #219 adjacent to the Administrative Buildings Maintenance and Production f a c i l i t i e s are located along the waterfront on the western half of the Y a r d in Buildings #142, #146, #198. In addition, a small concentration is found in Building #212 at the center of the Y a r d . While Supply occupies the largest proportion of floor a r e a , it understandably employs a small number of personnel. Supply buildings are concentrated at the western boundary, in conjunction with a distribution of storage space throughout the Y a r d . Building #214 accounts for the largest proportion of the population engaged in O p e r ations and Training. Buildings #172, #175 and #218 along Parsons Avenue account for most of the balance . In summary, the eastern half of the N a v y Yard holds the bulk of the population due to the location in that section of the Administrative, Housing and Community F a c i l i t i e s , Research Development and Testing. The western half of the Yard is under-populated. This is accounted for by its supply and manufacturing character. As the nature of the Y a r d changes in the western portion, the population w i l l tend to become more evenly distributed. 21 �For an initial planning program, the Consultants have been instructed by the N a v y to use a projected 10,000 personnel figure for that portion of the N a v y Y a r d under the cognizance of the Department of the N a v y . Further investigations of programming and planning w i l l determine the estimated personnel figure. The personnel projection is in concurrence with the National C a p i t a l Planning Commission population p r o j e c tion for the entire N a v y Y a r d . The population assigned is 10,000 personnel for the N a v y portion and 20,000 personnel for the G e n e r a l Services Administration portion. 22 �SECTION 7 EVALUATION At the conclusion of the survey and analysis process certain major determinants affecting the future development of the N a v y Y a r d become apparent. They include historic buildings of esthetic merit, major structures of functional e f f i c i e n c y , internal site conditions as well as external factors involving the Y a r d and its surroundings. The Evaluation Map #14 illustrates those determinants. A. Significant Buildings A historic complex exists in the heart of the project. It surrounds Leutze Park, a major landscaped open space of historic and esthetic interest. This grouping provides, in essence, the link between the historical past of the N a v y Y a r d and its new use. Quarters A , B, Buildings # 1 , #2, #57, #105, #112, #58 nave been classified as landmarks to be retained. It is recommended that they be restored and each building studied i n d i v i d u a l l y . For instance, the Latrobe G a t e does not function adequately as a vehicular entrance. In planning the proposed vehicular c i r c u l a t i o n , the G a t e w i l l be examined as a point of pedestrian entry into the Y a r d . The Commandant's office is of significant historic and esthetic interest. Its current use as Quarters is, however, questionable. The additional buildings of significance are Quarters C , D, E, F , G , H, K, L, M , N , O , R, V ; Buildings #3, #36, #76, #106, #108, #109. The southerly portion of Building #76 is shown on the map in a dotted l i n e , indicating the possibility of cutting this structure back to its original s i z e . They represent buildings of historic value which should be preserved if practicable. While every effort w i l l be attempted to maintain the buildings, they w i l l be subject to their integration within the overall Master P l a n . The Quarters should be reconditioned where necessary. The remaining buildings which are of an industrial nature should be converted to a new use. A N a v a l Museum, for example, appears a possibility. Building #214, the Deep Sea Diving School, if retained, should be expanded into a complex of buildings. Its location along the Anacostia, adjacent to Slip #1 is in harmony with its function. S l i p # 1 , Building #308, for both historic and functional reasons should be retained. 23 �M A P #14 �A major building of no historic significance, but of functional e f f i c i e n c y , is Building #200. It is the administrative hub of the U.S. N a v a l District W a s h ington and contains other significant functions; it should be retained as part of an expanded administrative complex. Building #196 is similarly a center for administrative a c t i v i t i e s . It was recently remodeled at considerable expense and should be integrated in the development plan . The buildings classified as functionally adequate in Map #10 w i l l be examined as to their future use and their integration in the long range development p l a n . B. Site Determinants The major internal factors are the varying topography of the Y a r d and flood plain design l i n e . The northeastern portion falls evenly toward the r i v e r . However, between Buildings #122 and #41, there is a steep embankment representing a drop of about 30 f e e t . Such an embankment w i l l be a strong factor in the redesign of the Y a r d . The southwestern section is relatively flat since it was filled terrain. The Flood Plain Line w i l l affect the design of future buildings. They must be waterproofed to withstand the dangers of flood. In addition, it would be advisable to consider the portion below the design line for a use such as car parking. Some historical buildings f a l l below the flood design l i n e . They could be seriously affected unless flood protection is provided. Strong functional ties link the N a v y portion of the Y a r d to the G S A portion. They functioned as a single entity for a considerable period of time. Plans for the redevelopment of the G S A portion w i l l affect the N a v y Y a r d and should be a recognizable factor in the Development Plan. The waterfront of the Y a r d is constantly used for marine activities related to N a v y Yard functions. The Y a r d is periodically used to berth visiting foreign ships and for honoring national and international dignitaries. In future planning these "gateway" functions should be provided with the best possible setting. 24 �The 11th Street Bridge (1-295) forms a strong boundary to the east. The two access points at N and O Streets w i l l provide a speedy tie to the metropolitan center. M Street acts as the northern boundary. With the opening of the Freeway it w i l l become a collector road. 8th Street w i l l probably remain as a major connector. In the replanning of the Y a r d an internal circulation system should be devised which properly facilitates the movement of internal traffic and provides for efficient connections to the freeways and transit systems. 25 �SECTION 8 ADDENDA A. Reproduction Credits Department of the N a v y U . S . N a v a l Photographic Center U . S . N a v a l District, Washington, D .C . Photograph following Page 8 and Frontispiece National C a p i t a l Planning Commission Washington, D . C . Base Maps for Maps 1 and 2 26 �TECHNICAL Bldg. No. A B C D E F G H K,L,M N O R S T V W Y 1 2 7 8 21 22 28 33 36 37 39 40 41 44 46 57 58 59 60 61 67 68 70 71 73 76 101 104 105 106 108 109 112 122 123 126 130 134 142 143 146 151 154 157 166 169 172 Use Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters Quarters J - l , J - 2 , J - 3 Quarters M - l , P-l , 2 , 3 , Q - l , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 G a r a g e for Q u a r t e r s Storage Cafeteria No. 1 N a v s t a L a u n d r y / A F Storage Receiving & Shipping Warehouse/Fiscal O f f . C i v i l D e f e n s e Storage C i v i l D e f e n s e Storage Storage Storage Household Effects O f f . / N a v y R e l i e f / D O D Vacant O f f i c e s : A P W O / C r e d i t Union N a v y E x h i b i t C e n t e r Shop & O f f i c e Office:APWO/Bank Barracks Garage & Greenhouse Tool House, Q u a r t e r s " A " Greenhouse, Quarters " A " N a v y E x h i b i t s C e n t e r S t o r a g e / l n d m a n Storage Storage Storage F u e l T a n k House Storage/Snack Bar N a v a l Historical Display C e n t e r / S n a c k Bar C o m m i s s i o n e d O f f i c e r s Mess ( O p e n ) G e n e r a l Storage N a v y Band H e a d q u a r t e r s Commandant's Barge C r e w A P W O O f f i c e & S t o r a g e / N a u Shop Storage C a r Sub Pool/PW Storage N a v y Band/PW S t o r a g e r Q t r s . F u r n i t u r e Firehouse/DOD Telephone Exchange M a r i n e R a i l w a y W i n c h House N a v a l C o m m a n d Systems Support A c t i v i t y S h i p Repair Shop Band S t a n d PW M a i n t e n a n c e Shop & O f f i c e Storehouse G e n e r a l N a v a l Administrative Unit Storage Ship Repair Shop N a v y R e c r u i t i n g A i d s F a c i l i t y & Storage Bainbridge Hall Cafeteria No. 3 C i v i l i a n Training/Navy Relief/Safety Location A-12 B-12 A-ll A-ll A-ll A-ll A-10 A-10 A-10 A-10 B-10 A-10 A-14 A-14 A-10 A-14 A-14 E-ll A-ll A-8 A-9 B-10 B-10 D-9 C-10 C-10 C-10 C-10 B-ll B-ll C-ll D-12 C-ll C-12 A-12 A-12 A-12 C-ll F-12 E-ll E-ll C-9 D-ll D-12 B-9 B-9 E-10 D-ll C-10 D-10 A-9 B-ll E-12 D-14 E-12 B-l 1 E-9 C-9 F-ll E-10 E-12 B-l 3 E-14 A-13 C-13 APPENDIX - TABLE S q u a r e F e e t Pe r C a t e g o r y C o d e f o r C l a s s i f y i n g R e a l 100 200 300 400 500 A N a v / Property 600 2,982 6,106 245 14,640 21,940 42,680 39,280 2,027 3,245 700 Total 800 12,670 10,824 4,921 4,921 5,113 4,828 5,432 4,709 8,090 3,761 3,686 3,155 2,615 2,090 3,504 2,750 2,168 8,606 33,982 4,512 17,055 29,285 18,715 3,245 9,314 56,900 15,060 24,369 27,182 2,000 43,278 3,662 4,722 199 1,050 13,342 3,034 27,000 658 17,536 840 2,200 67,800 51,528 44,853 24,700 1,420 10,850 9,441 23,762 13,920 20,238 20,850 12,960 3,040 2,780 980 3,140 9,460 -08,476 4,883 8,476 162,500 1,542 4,070 8,200 15,764 10,766 47,294 21,126 55,248 22,055 1,345 5,972 Year Height N o . of Popu- Sq.Ft. Built in F e e t Stories lation 12,670 10,824 4,921 4,921 5,113 4,828 5,432 4,709 8,090 3,761 3,686 3,155 2,615 2,090 3,504 2,750 2,168 8,606 36,964 4,512 6,106 17,300 43,925 40,655 42,680 29,280 2,027 6,490 9,314 56,900 15,060 24,369 29,182 48,000 3,662 199 1,050 13,342 3,034 27,000 658 19,736 68,700 51,528 44,853 24,700 1,420 31,700 9,441 44,000 26,880 5,820 980 3,140 9,460 -016,952 162,500 6,425 4,070 8,200 63,058 93,112 22,055 20,400 1807 1801 1879-80 1879-80 1880 1880 1880 1880 1868 1866 1866 1890 1907 1898 1890 1913 1914 1848 1804-05 1848 1855 1899 1855 1862 1855 1855 1899 1899 1892 1887-97 1890 1858 1866 1859 1854 1848 1848 1899 1901 1897 1898 1902 1849-79 1900 1901-17 1902 1901 1902 1855 1902 1902 1906 1904 36 26 49 49 43 43 43 22 37 34 34 25 30 30 20 30 30 54 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 2&B 2&B 2&B 2&B 2&B 2 2&B 2&B 3&B 13 24 25 63 54 39 39 22 50 16 98 49 32 42 43 22 9 6 33 17 16 15 40 34 53 40 41 22 46 35 53 41 24 12 15 19 12 25 61 17 17 15 66 45 26 27 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 l&B 1 3&B l&B 3&B 3&B 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 6 1 1 1 4 3&B 1 2 1904 1918 1915 1918 1917 1954 1919 1918 1919 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 27 35 57 63 26 47 40 78 209 2 6 13 25 4 132 5 133 4 3 6 30 7 322 66 7 120 522 22 15 �TABLE Bldg. No. 175 176 183 184 185 189 190 190A 193 195 196 198 200 201 203 207 208 209 210 211 212 214 215 218 219 220 222 223 224 233 234 235 236 241 247 248 253 254 256 257 258 261 262 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 285 286 287 290 291 292 303-6 308 320 321 Use N a v a l C o m m a n d Systems Supporting A c t i v i t y Storage and O f f i c e Dispensary N a v y Exchange & Cafeteria F i l t e r House for M i n e T e s t i n g T a n k Garage S w i m m i n g Pool L o c k e r House S w i m m i n g Pool Ships S t o r e : G a r d e n Shop Quarters U N a v y C o m m a n d Systems Support A c t i v i t y W a t e r f r o n t O f f i c e , Shop & B a r r a c k s Security/Industrial Relations/PRNC/Tenants PW M a i n t e n a n c e Shop Q A O S t o r a g e / N A V S T A Storage L i q u i d s Storage C i v i l Police Headquarters Storage: Q u a r t e r s K , L , M PW O f f i c e / S t o r a g e Storage: P a i n t , O i l , C h e m i c a l Industrial M g r . / N a v y Print. & Pub. S e r v i c e O f f . Deep Sea D i v i n g School & Experimental D i v . Unit Magazine No. 3 T r a i n i n g : N a v a l Reserve & M a r i n e C o r p s N a v a l Weapons Q u a l i t y , Assurance O f f i c e N a v . Training Publication Ctr ./Auditorium/QAO Garage: Quarters S, T , W , Y G a r b a g e & Trash House S h i p R e p a i r : W i n c h G e a r S w i t c h House S e n t r y House S e n t r y House S e n t r y House S e n t r y House Sewage Ejector Shelter: Play Y a r d , Q t r s . Dispatcher, Transportation G a r b a g e House G a r b a g e House F i r e Pumper House N o . 2 F i r e Pumper House N o . 10 F i r e Pumper House N o . 9 Mine Testing Tank Radar A n t e n n a T o w e r Tennis C o u r t Tennis Court Tennis Court Tennis Court Parking Area N o . 3 Admiral Willard Park—East Admiral W i l l a r d Park—West A d m i r a l L e u t z e Park Garage Parking A r e a N o . 1 Parking A r e a N o . 2 Substation, Electrical D e e p W e l l & Pumphouse Substation " C " E l e c t r i c a l Pier N o . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 Marine Railway Auto Service Station R a d i o R e p a i r Shop t TOTALS P e r c e n t of T o t a l Location C-13 D-9 A-9 D-13 B-l 3 D-14 D-14 D-14 D-14 C-13 D-13 E-9 B-14 D-9 B-l 2 B-l 3 C-13 A-10 B-l 3 F-13 C-12 F-12 F-14 F-13 B-14 A-14 A-14 F-ll G-12 C-14 E-14 A-12 A-ll F-12 B-ll C-14 A-12 B-10 C-ll G-13 F-ll B-l 3 F-13 B-10 A-13 B-l 3 D-14 E-13 E-10 E-9 B-ll F-13 C-14 F-14 B-10 B-ll E-ll A CONTINUED Square F e e t Per C a f e g o ry C o d e for C l a s s i f y i n g Real N a v y Property 100 200 300 2,400 400 500 30,890 112,500 600 700 Total 800 780 25,000 17,028 17,110 585 880 1,002 -06,670 8,580 72,600 2,557 1,720 5,492 3,268 226,625 50,250 4,800 240 1,538 480 21,443 37,497 64,330 17,758 52,420 23,340 192 26,240 32,800 37,565 20,880 43,160 1,795 1,050 600 136 81 48 81 37 Year Height No.of Popu- Sq.Ft. Built in F e e t Stories lation 34,070 137,500 17,028 17,110 585 880 1,002 -06,670 8,580 72,600 13,037 226,625 50,250 4,800 240 1,538 480 85,773 37,497 70,178 23,340 192 33,750 79,920 82,520 1,050 600 136 81 48 81 37 1922 1919 1922 1922 1922 1936 1936 34 60 45 18 12 11 11 1 5 4 l&M 1 1 1 36 476 50 48 1936 1937 1942 1940 1940 1940 1941 1941 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1943 1944 1944 1944 11 36 56 28 59 30 27 10 11 10 64 18 64 25 9 31 65 65 8 8 9 8 8 8 8 13 8 9 10 8 8 8 8 76 100 1 2&B 2 2 4&B l&M 2 1 1 1 4 1 4 2 1 3 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 603 104 1,172 10 102 196 600 128 204 183 183 187 -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-01,150 -0-0378 -03,480 -0- F-12 E-13 B-10 -0896 612 1932 1942 196 600 128 204 183 183 187 -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-01,150 -0-0378 -03,480 -0-0896 612 102,221 139,356 102,565 833,685 27,794 579,942 516,762 18,854 2,321,179 4.40 6.02 4.41 35.92 1 .21 24.96 22.26 0.82 100.00 180 180 1 377 168 26 289 10 2 1953 1954 1822 1963 1953 4 4 5,868 �5. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Development plan - Washington Navy Yard, US Naval Station. Technical report 2 - survey and analysis Subject The topic of the resource Navy Yard (Washington, D.C.) Neighborhoods Urban development Description An account of the resource Technical report 2 of 3, a survey and analysis of the Navy Yard in Washington, D.C. Image scans from this report can be found <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/items/show/299" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Navy Yard images">here</a>.<br /><br />See <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5904" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 1</a> and <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5950" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 3</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crane and Gorwic Associates Robert L. Plavnick, planning consultant Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/e688646922174da56248b4eb4714dbd3.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=AkxFLuXhAt1t%7EN2a8L2tV2krAj79zLQ2wp878pD7UltrfltqARX%7ETl6Fn2so2aYFZOyFXxrJrH7pK4JibtxQdnEbJHTv0k8-6n6bwvB2rLxHiIjqwfFX7vNZIk29hdiyPXtbVEb2a-NFgE-1YFqiF2W%7Enq1M39S0yrXug3qjP-Fl0fp4jzJCctiIgoGCeGNUBgvAw5VLOla2D9FDkriRWSDhXk%7EfCKMZdygsyUmbxRgzb-SSDT5EPGq7q3yY2KupwtM5hWqIrJ5z7%7E1JokQCZxBySWVO-yYGS58xMiRP%7EGTaar9zi8i4OlBut3p5--hGAkXte56b4Hy4ghtZENHxlA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 209b9b5437747a12cd12a2508639f667 PDF Text Text DEVELOPMENT PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y YARD U. S . N A V A L S T A T I O N , W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT 3 # PROGRAM �D E V E L O P M E N T PLAN - W A S H I N G T O N N A V Y Y A R D U. S. N A V A L S T A T I O N , W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . T E C H N I C A L REPORT 3 # PROGRAM CRANE AND GORWIC ASSOCIATES, INC. Planning and Urban Design Consultants, Detroit, Michigan In Association With ROBERT L. P L A V N I C K Planning Consultant, Washington, D. C . October 2 5 , 1965 �FRONTISPIECE 1960 A e r i a l V i e w of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . �This is one of a series of technical reports dealing with various aspects of the preparation of a Development Plan for the Washington N a v y Y a r d . The purpose of these reports is to assemble data and information pertinent to the preparation of the plan, to f a c i l i t a t e the dissemination of this information to interested parties, and to encourage comments and suggestions regarding their contents. These reports are therefore interim in character, and subject to review and r e evaluation as the work proceeds. Upon completion of the plan a F i n a l Report w i l l be published, in which portions of these reports and relevant modifications to their contents w i l l be incorporated. �TABLE OF C O N T E N T S Page 1. Introduction 1 2. General Objectives A. The Washington N a v y Y a r d B. The Mission 2 3. Planning Objectives A. Land Use B. Vehicular Circulation C. Parking D. Pedestrian Movement 6 4. Future Population 10 5. Space A. B. C. D. E . 13 6. Evaluation 18 7. Appendix A. Historical Display C e n t e r — U . S . N a v a l Museum B. Commissioned Officers Mess C. C h i e f Petty Officers Club D. Auto Service Station E. Y a r d Base Exchange F. Auditorium G. U . S . N a v y Diving Center H. Waterfront A c t i v i t i e s I. Public Works 20 Allocation Floor A r e a Ratio E f f i c i e n c y of Floor U t i l i z a t i o n Parking Open Space F loor Area A l location �SECTION I INTRODUCTION The Planning Program outlines the character and magnitude of activities upon which the Development Plan of the Washington N a v y Y a r d w i l l be based. It sets the direction and incorporates the guidelines w h i c h , when a c c e p t e d , wilt direct the physical growth in the years ahead. It is more than a set of diagrams and tabulations of people, land, floor areas and cars. It is the first step in the design process. The scope of the work for the preparation of the Development Plan, Section I V , established the requirements for the Program of the Washington N a v y Y a r d . The following are the areas of investigation set forth: Program a . G e n e r a l Objectives b. Future Population c . Space Requirements d . Land Requirements e . Evaluation The T e c h n i c a l Reports #1 and # 2 — H i s t o r i c a l Development and Survey and Analysis—prepared an inventory of the h i s t o r i c a l , functional and environmental aspects of the Y a r d . The inventory resulted in the evaluation of the most pertinent factors affecting future development. The Program outlined in this report has evolved out of this evaluation as w e l l as reviews and meetings with the N a v y , during which the future mission of the Y a r d was discussed. The planning study of the N a v y Y a r d is based upon the development of each stage as an evolution of the previous ones. It is therefore important that the Program be examined and any questions it raises be answered prior to f i n a l i z i n g the design. 0) �SECTION 2 GENERAL A. OBJECTIVES The Washington N a v y Y a r d The Washington N a v y Y a r d was founded in the early days of the Republic. Its history closely parallels that of the N a t i o n — i t s heritage distinguished in its contribution to the defence of the Country. Throughout the years the role of the Y a r d fluctuated between the a c t i v e and the passive, reflecting the conditions of peace and w a r . In spite of the changes, many advances in shipbuilding, ordnance manufacturing, research and testing of weapons took place in the Y a r d . The Department of the N a v y seeks again to alter the nature of the Y a r d to meet the demands of present times. From a complex of buildings where supply activities occupy the largest amount of floor space, the Y a r d w i l l be converted to an Administrative Center. Whereas any modern office complex need be w e l l organized in its composition, efficient in its layout, and pleasant in its environment, the N a v y Y a r d has unique features which distinguish it from any other complex of buildings. It is rich with N a v a l tradition and distinguished in its past achievements. It contains many buildings of historical and architectural interest. It should be developed into a center where historical buildings harmonize with modern structures. The integration of the old and the new represents an opportunity to incorporate past values with the demands of today and tomorrow, resulting in an efficient and beautiful development which w i l l evolve as a living memorial to N a v a l heritage. Within the Nation's C a p i t a l , the N a v y occupies a prominent location less than a mile away from the C a p i t o l . The beneficial influence of its increased a c t i v i t y as an employment center and the scope of its development can a c c e l erate the rejuvenation of its immediate surroundings. (2) �B. The Mission The survey and analysis of the Y a r d revealed three major areas of a c t i v i t y in terms of space a l l o c a t i o n — S u p p l y , Administration and Community F a c i l i t i e s . This allocation reflected the mission of the Y a r d which has become obsolete. In redefining the mission as part of the Development Plan, some functions w i l l be expanded and others diminished . The Program outlines broadly the scope and magnitude of each a c t i v i t y to be located in the Y a r d . The totality of these a c t i v i t i e s constitutes the future mission and nature of the Y a r d . The detailed definition of each a c t i v i t y varies according to the information on hand.As new requirements become more readily a v a i l a b l e , they w i l l be incorporated in the study. Following the Program, the Development Plan w i l l test the conclusions of this report and make the necessary modifications to fit the requirements of the s i t e . The interplay between the program criteria and the requirements of the site w i l l continue throughout the design study. It has been established by the N a v y that the primary activity_within the Y a r d w i l l be Adjm'nistrjtlyjejacilities. (Code 6 0 0 ) . I he location of the Y a r d in relation to the C i t y justifies its conversion to a major employment center which w i l l combine historic tradition with the modern e f f i c i e n c y . The Administrative functions presently in the Y a r d w i l l be expanded where necessary. New N a v y tenants w i l l be drawn from those occupying space in various locations in the Washington D i s t r i c t . Tab- 1 , attached to the scope of work includes a t e n t a tive list of such tenants. The list serves as a reference for potential tenants. However, for the purposes of this study the administrative space w i l l not be assigned to specific tenants. # Research, Development and Testing (Code 300) is primarily confined to N A V C O S S A C T a c t i v i t i e s . The classified nature of its mission precludes a detailed program of its function. The N a v y in collaboration with the Consultants has expanded its assignment of space to double its present a r e a . In terms of land use, Research, Testing and Development w i l l be considered an A d m i n i strative use. (3) �The Housing and Community Faci l i t i e s J C o d e 700) include the Historical Display C e n t e r , Quarters, common services and f a c i l i t i e s . The Display Center - U . S . N a v a l Museum presently occupies modest space in the Y a r d . It w i l l be expanded to play a major role as a unique display of N a v a l history which w i l l inspire and instruct those who served in the N a v y . In addition it w i l l be designed to attract the general public to a museum distinguished in the character of its displays. The many complex facets of the U . S . N a v y requires adequate museum space to cover its history and functions in an interesting and inspiring manner. The residential quarters are presently distributed between senior officers quarters and barracks. It is anticipated that the housing function in Bainbridge H a l l w i l l be e l i m i n a t e d . The family quarters grouped around Leutze Park w i l l be retained and restored where needed since they possess historic merit, esthetic value and are an asset to the Y a r d . Because of the visual potential of the riverfront and the convenient location of the Y a r d , new quarters for senior officers are considered a desirable possibility, but not a requirement. There are a number of common services and facilities, supporting the activities in the Y a r d . It is anticipated that most^jf these a c t i v i t i e s w i l l be retained and expanded to reflect the needs of the increased population. Preliminary program requirements have been outlined for the expansion of the O f f i c e r s ' C l u b , C P O C l u b and the Base Exchange. Other f a c i l i t i e s such as cafeterias, police and fire station, security, navy band, e t c . w i l l be detailed as the information becomes a v a i l a b l e . The N a v y has appointed an Ad-hoc Committee to study the future needs of Supply f a c i l i t i e s (Code 400) in the Y a r d . Since the findings of the Committee w i l l not be a v a i l a b l e before the submission of this report, the Consultants have temporarily assigned a floor area to that a c t i v i t y . It reflects the premise that supply w i l l serve the demands of the N a v y Y a r d only, instead of its present wide area of service . The operational and training a c t i v i t i e s (Code 100) relates to a major function — the Deep Sea Diving School and the U . S . , Experimental Diving U n i t . This a c t i v i t y shows a strong linkage to numerous functions in the Washington a r e a . (4) �It- has industrial ties with Baltimore and is dependent on medical research f a c i l i t i e s in the Washington Metropolitan A r e a . These considerations, coupled with the e x tensive and costly equipment in the present f a c i l i t i e s , support its retention in the Y a r d . The program anticipates an expansion of the Diving School and Experimental Unit to provide additional space for research, testing and the evaluation of diving and a n c i l l a r y equipment. The waterfront a c t i v i t i e s are part of the Maintenance and Production f a c i l i t i e s (Code 2 0 0 ) . Because of the significant role the waterfront a c t i v i t y plays in the Y a r d it w i l l be discussed separately. The waterfront f a c i l i t i e s cover both the service of vessels and ceremonial functions. The pier and docking f a c i l i t i e s should be expanded and modernized. Service buildings are scattered and should be c o n solidated for increased e f f i c i e n c y . The inadequate ceremonial f a c i l i t i e s should be developed to receive visiting ships and dignitaries arriving in Washington. The waterfront provides an e x c e l l e n t opportunity for a design treatment that w i l l enhance the entry into the C a p i t a l by w a t e r . Hospital and Medical F a c i l i t i e s (Code 500) occupy space in two distant locations. It is desirable that both the dental and medical functions be located at close proximity. The dispensary and dental f a c i l i t i e s w i l l require expansion commensurate with the larger working population and the need of the Military Community. Maintenance and U t i l i t i e s (Codes 200 and 800) represents a service a c t i v i t y which wTIl be ex^xandeirTo^meeTthe demands of the population. The heating and cooling needs should be coordinated with the requirements of the G S A portion of the Y a r d . (5) �SECTION 3 P L A N N I N G OBJECTIVES Comprehensive planning requires the application of an individual solution to a particular parcel of land; the internal and external determinants of a site dictate a plan appropriate to it only. There a r e , nonetheless, general design principles which are desirable in most planning solutions. These principles form part of the planning o b jectives which w i l l guide the preparation of the Development P l a n . A. Land Use A parcel of land developed over a period of time without the benefit of a Master Plan w i l l emerge into the patchwork of disorganized, unrelated uses such as is illustrated diagrammatically below. In the planning of such an a r e a , the objective w i l l be the reorganization and consolidation of the land uses into a d i s t i n c t i v e , cohesive pattern. With the concentration of compatible uses, maximum e f f i c i e n c y of function can be a c h i e v e d . (6) �Vehicular Circulation Streets and parking areas consume a large share of the l a n d . If organized into superblocks more land can be made a v a i l a b l e for buildings. The creation of a system of primary and secondary streets, reflecting the intensity of a n t i c i pated traffic volume w i l l produce an e f f i c i e n t and functional system. The circulation system should be designed to f a c i l i t a t e the flow of traffic in a free and safe fashion. Service access should be organized to minimize its interference with other t r a f f i c . The sketches below illustrate these principles. (7) �c. Parking The accommodation of the stationary v e h i c l e is at the heart of any planning solution. If left unchecked cars w i l l consume the best part of the land. The concentration of parking in selected areas creates a unified system that is c o n venient to the users and minimizes the obstruction of moving t r a f f i c . Surface and street parking should be avoided in a highly urbanized center, since it represents a hazard to the pedestrian, restricts the flow of traffic and wastes land. The section below illustrates the storage of parked cars, whereby the space above is a v a i l a b l e for development and pedestrian c i r c u l a t i o n . (8) �D. Pedestrian Movement The redesign of an area provides a unique opportunity for fashioning a c o n trolled walking environment. The creation of a network for pedestrian movement as a counterpoint to that devoted to the car w i l l minimize the conflict between man and the automobile and f a c i l i t a t e movement. It further provides an opportunity for visual interest and contributes toward the creation of pleasant organized environment. (9) �SECTION 4 FUTURE P O P U L A T I O N The present population for the Washington N a v y Y a r d is approximately 5150 personnel. In addition there are 717 resident population in the Y a r d . These figures represent but a fraction of the total capacity of the Y a r d in terms of potential population density. Several planning c r i t e r i a enter into play in determining the population density on a given parcel of land. A number of these factors are the ratio of land coverage, the nature of the mission, parking and open space, the e f f i c i e n c y of building utilization and the floor area allocation per person. The set of variables each in itself w i l l tend to modify the size of the population. External considerations, however, can override those planning criteria and establish the limit of the population density prior to the design development. The National C a p i t a l Planning Commission has recommended a projected population of 10,000 working personnel for that portion of the Y a r d under the jurisdiction of the Department of the N a v y . In addition, 20,000 personnel were allocated for the G S A portion of the Y a r d . The combined figures of 30,000 was dictated primarily by the capacity of the peripheral roads to absorb the increased traffic load at peak hours, and the anticipated advent of improved Public Transit. In accordance with the N C P C recommendations the N a v y has instructed the Consultants to u t i l i z e that preliminary figure of 10,000 personnel, excluding the residential population, as a guide in formulating this program. Consequently the figure served as the basis for the future population allocation listed in Table 1 on the following page. The personnel distribution per a c t i v i t y was made according to the best information on hand. However, it is anticipated that some redistribution of the personnel w i l l follow as the detailed function of each a c t i v i t y becomes more defined. In keeping with the nature of the mission stated in the G e n e r a l O b j e c t i v e s , the balance of the 10,000 working personnel was allocated to administrative activities after determining the needs of the other a c t i v i t i e s . (10) �Table 1—Population Allocation Code Existing Popul. Future Popul. 700 Operation and Training Maintenance and Production Research, Development and Testing Supply Hospital and Medical Administrative Community F a c i l i t i e s Utilities and Ground Improvement 228 582 722 267 105 2,691 547 9 Total 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 5,151 10,000 717 305 Housing 350 560 1,000 70 200 7,000 800 20 In the course of the design of the land use and circulation pattern for the Y a r d , the population of 10,000 w i l l be reviewed and evaluated not only in light of the potent i a l capacity of land for development but also in terms of amount of parking provided to serve that population. Parking, normally one of the many factors affecting land development, plays in this case a major role in the determination of the population density. The National C a p i t a l Planning Commission in determining the recommended population density assumed a parking ratio of 1:6, i . e . one car for every six persons. Any change in that ratio w i l l affect the total population of the Y a r d . A graphic comparison of the existing and proposed population is illustrated on the following page. 01) �Graph * 1 — F u t u r e Population Distribution (12) �SECTION 5 SPACE A L L O C A T I O N In exploring the optimum redevelopment of the Washington N a v y Y a r d a set of variable factors should be considered. They are the floor area ratio, e f f i c i e n c y of floor u t i l i z a t i o n , parking ratio and amount of open space. Each factor in its v a r iation can alter the type and nature of the redevelopment. This portion of the program w i l l analyze these variables and draw some preliminary conclusions. However, it is only after these conclusions have been tested during the design of the Y a r d that they w i l l become v a l i d . This procedure is necessary in a situation where a large number of existing buildings are involved in the design of a s i t e . The l o c a t i o n , number and function of the existing buildings w i l l tend to modify the abstract program requirements. A. Floor Area Ratio The existing ratio of floor space to land (F . A . R . ) in the N a v y Y a r d is approximately 0.8:1 . 0 — a ratio generally considered low in the Washington a r e a . Furthermore the existing ratio represents a smaller population than is normally associated with that land coverage since some buildings in the Y a r d are vacant or underutilized. Although the F .A.R. is a measure of land u t i l i z a t i o n , it conceals too many unknowns to be used solely as a scale for redevelopment in a situation where there are many existing buildings to remain. Existing buildings do not f a l l in the same framework as new structures. The interplay between the existing and new structures w i l l tend to affect the significance of the floor area ratio. The Consultants have in collaboration with the N a v y projected a tentative F .A.R. of 1:1 as a basis for the Development P l a n . Although this ratio does not represent a substantial increase over the existing F . A . R . , it w i l l in reality produce a more intensive development reflecting the shiftfrom Supply to Administration. (13) �B. E f f i c i e n c y of Floor U t i l i z a t i o n This is a significant factor where existing buildings are converted to a different use. In the case of administrative offices, the e f f i c i e n c y of floor utilization refers to the relationship between the area of a building, excluding corridors, v e r t i c a l circulation and mechanical space to the total area of that building. The percentage of e f f i c i e n c y w i l l increase or decrease according to the design of a building. It is natural to assume that converted buildings w i l l produce a smaller proportion of net usable office space than new structures. A comparison between a converted building in the Y a r d , an existing building, and a modern commercial office building designed to current standards reveals the following: Converted building #196 Existing building #200 Current standards E f f i c i e n c y Ratio 5 5 % 70% 70-75% Considerations of e f f i c i e n c y w i l l be applied in the later stages of the D e v e l o p ment Plan, when the conversions of specific buildings w i l l be investigated and recommendations made concerning the removal of buildings. C. I Parking Parking plays an important role both in terms of the amount of land it occupies and in its demand on the capacity of the peripheral street system to absorb additional t r a f f i c . The second factor has prompted the National C a p i t a l Planning Commission to assume limits on the volume of cars entering and l e a v ing the Y a r d during peak hours. N C P C has established parking ratios for Federal office buildings of 1:6 in the center of the c i t y , 1:5 in the remainder of the city and 1:3 in the suburbs. Applied to a working population of 10,000 the 1:6 ratio results in parking for 1650 c a r s — l e s s than are parked in the Y a r d today. This premise is based on a strong reliance of the Y a r d ' s personnel on rapid transit. (14) �a On the other hand, the D O D criteria for parking is 1:3. If this ratio is applied to the 10,000 population, the ensuing parking w i l l increase to 3300 cars. C l e a r l y there is a discrepancy between the two requirements which 1 should be resolved before completing the two-dimensional plan . In terms of potential land u t i l i z a t i o n , it is estimated that approximately 2,500 cars (ratio 1:4) could be parked in the Y a r d without impeding development, provided cars are stored in parking decks instead of surface lots. D. Open Space The amount of existing open space in the Y a r d is approximately 3.3 acres. W h i l e it is d i f f i c u l t to establish a direct measure of open space to developed land in such a building complex, this amount appears to be low. The criteria for open space applies not only to size but also the arrangement and u t i l i z a tion of landscaped space. Open space w i l l have a three-fold function in the Y a r d — t o serve the pedestrian population, for ceremonial functions and to provide a pleasing setting for structures. The utilization of certain parks and pedestrian-ways as an outdoor museum w i l l tend to enhance those spaces. E . Floor Area Allocation On the basis of a 10,000 working population and the nature of the mission outlined in the G e n e r a l O b j e c t i v e s , floor areas have been assigned in collaboration with the N a v y to the various activities in the Y a r d . Where specific information was a v a i l a b l e it was incorporated in the breakdown; the remaining allocation was based on N a v y estimates. Site and design considerations may modify the distribution of floor space . (15) �Table 2 — F l o o r A r e a Allocation Code 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Existing Operation and Training Maintenance and Production Research, Development and Testing Supply Hospital and Medical Administrative Community F a c i l i t i e s Housing Utilities and Ground Improvements Proposed 102,221 139,356 102,565 833,685 27,794 579,942 273,559 243,203 18,854 80,000 170,000 200,000 100,000 70,0001,500,000 500,000 168,000 25,000 2,321,179 Total Gross Sq . F t . 2,823,000 A graphic comparison of the existing and proposed floor area is on the next page. The graph reveals a substantial increase in floor area for administrative uses with a similar decrease for Supply a c t i v i t i e s . Community f a c i l i t i e s have increased c o n siderably as a result of strengthening the role of the U . S . N a v a l Museum. 06) - �G r a p h #2—Future Space Allocation (17) �SECTION 6 EVALUATION Planning methodology requires the preparation of a program where the scope and magnitude of activities are defined in d e t a i l , the population and space allocations are finitely established prior to the preparation of the P l a n . This is particularly true in the development of a cleared site where it is possible to apply the standard measurements of floor area ratios, population densities, parking ratios, e t c . In the case of the N a v y Y a r d it was not possible to follow such a direct application. Some elements of the Program are firmly established, while others have a f l e x i b i lity which allows them to be modified during the design. Three factors have c o n t r i buted to the lack of detail of some parts of the program - the existing buildings, the parking ratio and plans for the development of the G S A portion of the Y a r d . The built-up character of the Y a r d requires an early determination of which buildings to retain or remove. The survey and analysis evaluated the buildings in the Y a r d , permitting a preliminary assessment of their conditions, merits and obsolescence. However, before a final evaluation is made, it is necessary to consider their suitablity for conversion and the adequacy of their location within the new development plan. Such a test w i l l be applied during the subsequent study. An existing building c a n , by its strategic location, paralyze the development of a large parcel of land around i t , thereby rendering it i n e f f i c i e n t . The number of buildings to remain w i l l have an important effect on the potential development density in the Y a r d . The second factor to be c l a r i f i e d is the parking ratio. A small number of cars can be accommodated within a largely built-up a r e a , whereas large volumes of cars require a greater number of cleared sites. The Consultants anticipate the c l a r i f i c a tion of the parking ratio after further consultations with the N a v y , N .C .P.C . and the Department of Highways and T r a f f i c , D. C . Government. 08) �Future plans for the development of the portion of the Y a r d under the jurisdiction of the G S A w i l l affect the traffic loads on the peripheral street system. Moreover, it is highly desirable that the Development Plan for the N a v y portion of the Y a r d be related to its immediate neighbor to the West. The Consultants are hopeful that plans for the development of the G S A portion w i l l be a v a i l a b l e in time for the coordination of the two halves of the Y a r d . The program has set a strong direction for the redevelopment of the N a v y Y a r d . The future mission, character and nature of the activities have been clearly e s t a blished. The d e t a i l s , scope and magnitude of the f a c i l i t i e s remain f l e x i b l e . As the design proceeds, the direction w i l l be refined but not fundamentally changed by subsequent studies. (19) �SECTION 7 APPENDIX The requirements covering the future needs of some activities in the N a v y Y a r d are listed below. Since they have not received o f f i c i a l action they are listed in the Appendix for future reference. A. Historical Display C e n t e r — U . S. N a v a l Museum (Code 700) The objective is to develop the N a v a l Historical Display Center into an outstanding focus to instruct, inspire and educate a l l in the N a v y . It should be adequate in size to cover the many complex facets of N a v a l heritage and accomplishments. Numerous displays w i l l be needed to encompass the general history and functions of the N a v y in an interesting and inspiring manner. The existence of the Center has stimulated Bureaus, offices, ships and shore commands to make a v a i l a b l e a growing number of large objects. The l i m i t a tions of space has prevented the display of some of these objects of historical interest. 1. Indoor Display Gross Sq.Ft. G e n e r a l History 30,000 Amphibious History 8,000 Anti-Submarine—History, D e v e l . , Use 4,000 Aviation History 8,000 Communication and E l e c t r o n i c s — H i s t . a n d D ev. 3,000 Conference and Movie Room—Chapel — Memorial H a l l 2,500 Explorations—19th Century through present 5,000 Diplomacy and Keeping the Peace 3,000 Missions of Mercy 4,000 Oceanography 3,000 Ordnance and Weapon Development 15,000 Submarine History and Periscope Room 2,500 Sections for each of the bureaus and 15,500 principal offices �World Sea A l l i a n c e s Space Shipbuilding Development History of Washington N a v y Y a r d and other NDW A c t i v i t i e s II. 5,000 144,500 72,000 100,000 172,000 Outdoor Display G u n Park A v i a t i o n and Outdoor Shipboard Equip. III 3,000 3,000 30,000 Storage 75,000 Total 390,000 s q . f t . B. Commissioned O f f i c e r s Mess (Code 700) C. C h i e f Petty Officers C l u b (Code 700) D. Auto Service Station (Code 700) 2,400 s q . f t . E. Y a r d Base Exchange (Code 700) 33,000 s q . f t . F. Auditorium (Code 700) G. U.S. 50,000 s q . f t . _2£jYjfl s q .ft. 2,000 seats N a v y Diving Center (Code 100) The N a v y Diving Center consists of the N a v a l School, Deep Sea Divers and the Experimental Diving U n i t . The function of the Deep Sea Diving School is the training of the diving personnel. The function of the Experimental Diving Unit is to perform experimental tasks in connection with diving and other r e l ated matters. In addition, personnel assigned to that unit are charged with the technical management of the SURAC system and perform desk type functions for Underwater Demolition and S E A L teams for the C h i e f , Bureau of Ships. (21) �The Diving Center is divided into two parts—the shore f a c i l i t i e s and the water f a c i l i t i e s . Since there is considerable t r a f f i c , the a c t i v i t y and the training barges, it is desirable that the f a c i l i t i e s be connected to the bulkhead. The f a c i l i t i e s needed to meet the future requirements should include the following: 1. Personnel Staff Instructor and Support Personnel Students Total II. 90 100 150 340 Shore F a c i l i t i e s 75,000 s q . f t . O f f i c e Space Pressure Complex capable of withstanding pressure of 2000 f t . depth equivalent Electronic Shop G a s Laboratory Biochemical Laboratory and other Medical Spaces Swimming Pool (50 meter) Four Classrooms Two additional open tanks for training for DSDS Machine and Instrument Shop Photographic Laboratory Exercise Room (Gym) Project shop work area S C U B A and other standard equipment lockers or storage space A 50 f t . v e r t i c a l tank C l e a n gas mixing f a c i l i t i e s Housekeeping f a c i l i t i e s , berthing, messing and lounge, e t c . Storage and Maintenance (22) �Docking F a c i l i t i e s Experimental Diving Ship 3 Crafts Barge 300 linear f t . 400 50 Waterfront A c t i v i t i e s (Code 200) Waterfront A c t i v i t i e s cover two functions—the service of vessels and ceremonial f a c i l i t i e s . The two functions though different in character are carried in the same location. The present service f a c i l i t i e s are adequate in s i z e , with the exception of the piers. They a r e , however, spread out in a number of buildings along the length of the waterfront. They should be concentrated into two groups. The first includes the Waterfront Division Headquarters, the Presidential Unit, the Commandant's Barge Crew and other ceremonial f a c i l i t i e s . The second c o n sists of the repair f a c i l i t i e s . The pier and docking f a c i l i t i e s should be expanded and modernized which may require the reclamation of the portion of the Waterfront under the custody of G S A . A space, 100 feet deep, the length of the waterfront w i l l be necessary for service a c t i v i t i e s . The ceremonial f a c i l i t i e s , lacking presently, should be developed to receive dignitaries arriving in Washington by ship. The f a c ilities would be used by parties boarding the Presidential Boad, the Secretary of the N a v y yacht and the other o f f i c i a l boats docked in the Y a r d . It w i l l also be necessary to provide space for saluting batteries (now in the G S A A r e a ) , bands and honor guards . The following is a list of the requirements: 1. Service f a c i l i t i e s Waterfront Division Headquarters Presidential Unit Commandant's Barge Crew (23) 20,000 sq. f t . �Ship Repair Shop Marine Railway Piers—Presidential and G e n e r a l Restricted A r e a long bulkhead II. 18,000 300 4 100 sq. f t . ton capacity piers f t . deep Ceremonial F a c i l i t i e s Saluting Battery Parade Ground Public Works (Code 200) 1. Administration II. Transportation Shops Storage 52,500 22,500 Building Maintenance 67,000 Ill. 8,000 sq. f t . Total 150,000 sq. f t . (24) �03 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Development plan - Washington Navy Yard, US Naval Station. Technical report 3 - program Subject The topic of the resource Navy Yard (Washington, D.C.) Neighborhoods Urban development Description An account of the resource Technical report 3 of 3, a survey and analysis of the Navy Yard in Washington, D.C. <br /><br />See <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5904" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 1</a> and <a href="https://ddotlibrary.omeka.net/files/show/5944" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Report 2</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crane and Gorwic Associates Robert L. Plavnick, planning consultant Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Documents Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource English Language A language of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/d0e344f3afe820094f873f741665f375.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=sgM%7Eve8S0Cnr8q4OAxGOF8sAGFRpXi%7EI35hgtOe9KzrTAmlWzbUar9AZq29vVPv9mzC26PTMFSp6J0X20LzDdS%7E15ZeO6Ad3Z1acHlAeW9LMeUTUx4MY2UAQ4BxpfWj7oUOw0FHob-yxSh4BS6LD%7EqLcdaty1mBmkUyyqBkoMcENOnJFcRCK-oGRni3Clm3dYsR%7Ez150x-ezQn4qCBERLAhufrb7BmKVh1c%7EveTrEiGMIrXgTBUzaREScYlK2OWg7NXNIh0Uhu%7EJ0PA4WNJfQGdn9fIoLc4KKOH-2vJN6o2dBmf1YFQ%7ELaZ7AL6233EqhFkpYPC7vLeOTnL6kPrlHQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 09228b01147567c305e1af24a28f11ca PDF Text Text ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The way to go to Nationals Park Washington Nationals : Nationals Park transportation guide Subject The topic of the resource Baseball teams--United States Description An account of the resource Transportation Guide for Nationals Park (Nats Park) for the 2008, the inaugural season for the ballpark. Includes a Metro map and Park and Ride Metro locations, in addition to a game schedule. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/13460/archive/files/5f072a812eac1a53f4f82d4983353f1c.pdf?Expires=1792022400&Signature=sAv0kq6thF9XlKAxXj-ZooICpwyMJf5CWHZzTPh7KOnI88ws-0xQHvLOofAeJGImf2dDHDyzK9eUfObzs5PWqypR786D8ohA7wT%7EB3Q1lK8luJ7c2l05GFqdUAtl9HwSReyjbUCz-uxVlAut%7EX6FHvsncOnE8Vnd5gu4wkXiuTyl5tZMwgyh-p-zMgN7M%7ExtdTqhPTJr6xKe8j8SZNRanflWdU1fRiRuqa-baBggfrsNC4Nt7vg0YZZOwL%7ErQg1LYPyQq70Hi0i9LzkWaCp1ztFKcdqEKaMeGEAolMTf0T-N3KsPWdsA5qmn80vPwFaQw1CuQ0fvCOrg0TSSIYW-EA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 5ce9944201baa57eb9ee3e906a4c9f52 PDF Text Text We S¡.¡¡¡6f ON ..r .:i:-: Washington Nationals'08 Home Games tl R TIüHü r5 * * * * DATT/fIME OPPONTNÏ DATT/IIME 5ai, Ma129/6 pm Baltrmore 0rioles Sat, Jurre (exhìbition game) Sun, June 29li:15 30/8:05 pnt Atlant¿ Br¿ves Tues, July B/7:10ptn N4on, Apr 7/7:10 Pm Florid¿ M¿rlins S/ed, Apr 9//:10 pn tlorida lvlarlins 5un, thurs, Apr 10//:10 Pm fri, Apr 1 1/7:35 pm Atlant¿ Br¿ves Apr 1 2/1:05 Pm ,Âtlant¿ Br¿ves 23l/:10 Pm NewYork [4ets lhur, Apr 24il:10 pm NewYork [i1ets Fri, Apr 25l/:35 pm 5¿t, Apr 26/l:10 pm Sun, Apr 2711:35 pm july 9/7:1Optn thicago (ubs Wed, Apr 3014:35 pm Pittsburgh Pirates May2/i:35 pm ,Arizona Arizon¿ Arizona Dianrondbacks tri,July 11//:35pm Sat, July 12l7:10 pm Sun, July 13i1:35 pm 29l/:10pm Tues, July l.louston Asiros Hou$on Astros Hou$on Astros Philadelphia Phìllies Wed, July 30/7:1Opm Phìladelphia Phillies Atl¿nta Braves Thun, May 1/7:10 pm Baltimore 0rìoles Diamondb¿cks 10/7:i0pm Thurs, July (ubs Atlanta Br¿ves 31//:1Opm Thurs, July PhiladeÌphia Philiies Fri,Aug 1/i:35pm Cincinnati Reds Pittsburgh Pirates 5a¡ Aug 2/7:10 pm Cincinnati Reds Sa¡ [4ay 3/1:05 pm Pittsblrgh Pirates 5un, Aug 3/1:35 pm (incinn¿ti Reds Sun, May 4/1:35 pm Pittsburgh Pirates Fri, Fri, May Sat, 9//:35 pm May10//:10 pm 5un, May 11/1:35 pm 19//:10 pm lvlon, l\4ay Florid¿ M¿rlins llorida l\4¿rlins tlorid¿ M¿rlins Philadelphra nationals.com Wed, May 21/7:1û pm Philadelphia Phillies NewYork Mets NewYork iVlets Tues, ,Aug 14il:10pnr Thurs, Aug Fri, Ar4 l5ll 35pm 16il:10 pm Iolorado Rockies lolorado Rockies Sat, Aug Iues, Aug 26il:10pm fu4ilw¿ukee Brewers May24//:10 pm Wed, Auq 27i7:10pm Milw¿ukee Brewers 5un, lMay 2511:35 pm lvlilwaukee Brewers Mon, May 25l1:35 pm Milw¿ukee Brewers [ardinah lues, June 3//:10pm 5t. Louis Wed, June 4/i:1{)pm 5t. Louis (ardinals Thurs, June 5/7:10pm Fri, June 6/7:35pnr St. Louis 28//:10pm Thurs, Aug 7//:'10 pm 29l/:35pm 5¿n Fr¿ncisco Atlant¿ Br¿ves Atlanta Braves li4on,Sept 1/1.10 pm Philadelphia Phillies Tues,5ept 2/7:10pm Phillies Wed,5ept 3/i:10pm 20//:35pm Texas Rangers Sat, June 21i7:10 pm Texas 5un, June 2211:35 pm Texas Rangers Mon, lune 23l7:10 pm LAA 241l:10pm 25l/:10pm Rangen tAA Wed, June tAA ki, June 2il7:35pm Philadelphia New\brk It4ets 16//:10pm ItlewYork Mets Wed,5ept 17l7:1Opm NewYork Mets Thurs,5ept 1B/i:10pm 5¿n Francisco Tues, June Mon,Sept 15/7:10 pm NewYork Mets Tues, Sept Giants Fri, June Philadelphia Phillies 5¿n Francisco Giants Mon, June 9//:10 pm Atlant¿ Br¿ves Sun,Aug 31/1:35 pm [¿rdinals 5¿n tr¿ntisco Los Angeles 30ii:10 pm 5at, t\ug Giants Sun, June B/1:35 pm Los Angeles Dodgers Fri, Aug Gi¿nts 5at, June Los Angeles Doclgers 23l7:35 pm Fri, May NewYork l\4ets Colorado Rockies Dodgen Philadelphia Phillíes Sat, 12l7:iOpm Wed, Aug 13//:1Opm Sun,Aug 17l1:35 pm Phillies lues, May 20i7:10 pm metro Chicago 29/7:10 pm Tues, Apr Learn how at M thicago tubs B¿ltimore 0rioles Di¿mondb¿cß Wed, Atlant¿ Braves Sun, Apr 13i 1:35 pm Wed, Apr You'll hita home run everytimeyou take Metro. pnr Florìda Marlins Sat, tf*t À,4ar OPPONENT 2lli /:1û pnt Fri, Sept'19i/:35pm 5an Diego Padres 5at,5ept 20/7:10 pm 5an Diego Padres Sun,Sept 21i 1:35 pm 5an Diego Padres ïues,5ept 23/l:10pm Florid¿ M¿rlins Wed, Sept 24li:1Opm Florida Marlins Thurs, Sept 25/i:10pm Florid¿ M¿rlìns Baltimore 0ríoles Schedule is subject to change, check nationals.com �Metro Take You to Nationals Park New Ballpark, New Location, You can easily transfer to the Green Special Offer from Metro For die-hard Nationals Fans, Metro is a commemorative GREAT SmarTrip' card, offering avai lable for a limited time only. You can purchase this limited SmarTrip' card at wmata.com/nationals. ACCESS You'll be battíng a thousand every time you travel to your nearest Metro Park and Ride lot for a quick and easy trip to the new Nationals Park. When you arrive at the NavyYard Metrorail Station on the Green Line, you'll only have a short half block walk to the new ballparkl The Metrorail System showswhere you can transfer to the Green Remember a SmarTrip'card is required to exit the Park and Ride lots. The lots don't accept cash or farecards as payment. 5o just bring your SmaiÏrip' card. lt's safe and secure. Counties, and in Northern Virginia. Not only are there over 57,O00 parking spaces just waiting for you, they're at prices that can't be beat as long as you ride Metrorail. Parking spaces are available for S5 or less. For current pricing, visit wmata.com/nationals for more information. Go NATS! Go METRO way to go. is Metrobus and Meirorail. A number of Metrobus lines serve the new Nationals Marriott åò Courtyard rc1 ballpark. All Metrobuses t a .iF;' t F. I PãfiK =a It Your Metro fare for Easy, Fast and Affordable metrobus TO NATIONALS PARK entire family reasonable. is The NavyYard MetrorailStation has a undergone a complete renovation It'sThat Easy! t a with an Expanded Entrance designed to accommodate Nationals Fans on game day. And don't forget that ¡t's within a half block of the new Nationals Park. ,a¡' To explore the ar€a, your best opt¡ons are e Navy Station, Green Line , plate and ask. the Ballpark station? Metrorail i,, rebirth.The Capitol Riverfront Business llnprovement Distr¡ct (BlD)works to make the ì neighborhood clean, safe, friendly and vibrant. Lóo[forthe BlDs €lean & SaÊteam members in their bright blue uniforms. They are happy to offer assistance and give directions. Don't be shy. They're there to help, so step up to the Too easy? lt gets better FREE! on Saturdays, Sundays & Federal Holidays undergoing a On Saturday, Sundayand Federal holidays parking is FREE at Metro Park and,Ride YES! lots. So whenever you travel-during th e Parking is and on weekends-Metro is the Montgomery and Prince Gèorge's Line, ,. The entire ballpark distlict is Check out the locations of Park and Ride lots on the Metro System Map indicated They are located throughout byffi Line t a MST 'l a a t a I I t a a a t I t t DOT ""rS J NST ¡-r ffi :.:: are'ADA accessible and accept SmarTrip cards! Find out more about Metrobus service to the ballpark at wmata.com/nationals. Take Metrorail, ã#l r!l NPL "J { ü/ metro' Metrobus, It's the way to go WANT MORE INFORMATION? Go online to wmata.com/nationals for a PERSONALIZED trip planner compliments of Metro. -lust put in your home location, and the computc,r plans your commute to the Ballpark, with approxinrate traveltimes and costs METROBUS TO THE BALLPARK. Buses that serve the new Nationals Park are: 70, P1 , P2, N22,V7 , VB and V9. �For the best way to go to the new Nationals Park, check out your nearest Park and Ride lot. Then ride Metro to the Navy Yard Station on the Green Line. Park and Ride lots are indicated by Park and Ride Metro STATION LOTATION iwìqtry-''T$l GREEN LINE æ. Vienn¿ Dunn System Map ORed Line . Glenmont to Shady Grove ÜOrange Line. New Carrollton to Vienna/Fairfax-GMU OBlue Line . Franconia-Springf¡eld lo Largo Town Conter OGreen Line . Branch Avenue to Greenbelt Lgqend Yêllow Line . Huntington to Station Sêto¡ce a\ - Bus to q¡ o *præ! á/¡C Akport ffi Whsaton Pârking æ CgiH Silver Spring 4500 Silver Hill Road E. Falls North Sycamore 5t &Washington Boulevard 4704 Old Soper Road Minnesota Branch Avenue taln Park.U ot Med¡cal W*kdâyB 7:001o 8;3O s.m. and 4100to 6:30 p,m. Mdæ 2700 Hamilton 5t. Cheverly (olumbia Park EastWest Highway & Belcrest Rd Landover Pennsy Drive north of Landover Rd (alvert New Cherrywood Lane at (SVMARC Hyattsville Plaza ,ßockville Twinbrook Goorg¡a Ave- Pêtworth Tott€n Rd & 50th Ave RR access (arrollton DomStreet &pitolHeights Van [ast side ofHungerford Drive {Rt near ParkAve One block east ofRockville Pike between Halpine Rd & Road Morgan Blvd. \ East & West sides of Rockville Pike at Marinelli Rd Gmvesnor-Strathmore East of Rockville Pike between Montrose Ave & +lttæ, Rhode Lândovêr U hland Georgia Ave & Reedie Drive south of Route 193 Glenmont /wrc Georgia Ave & Forest Glen Rd north of l-95 Wheaton Ro8slyn $þ Georgia Ave & Layhill Rd Rendering of Gapitol ,nþ " 5 BLOCKS NavyYard Metrorail Station "b, 1 ,1 är *"s o Q ft DOl ¡ o o Franconia-springfiðld t '-E @ No Animals (excspl seryice animals) @ No Audìo (withoul oarphonos) i.::- '*ff blrrÉqv JçQ NST -l 2w ,!l NPL & M"tro @*'+nru A or Boâthouses il:l Mür¿uñ a t t ö I i:t No Dangerous ; iit o is accessible. Þ ;,.-.,i;ù-, I 5:aÊÊÞ:.; ThrYard¡ P¡rk P¡rk t o No Eatíng or Drinking K5T 'l a a ¡ Ð, ffi a N a rffik a ,"*q south u* ."ffi IIAVV gr Washinglon s .f Marriott RBh €ourtyard mz ts E. 5f ..:.' 1 L ST 7¿ hr J Pentagon City Huntington Ave offofRoute -,4 a 9r :! 9000 Lottsford Road Õ ,l H5T I .: Center Park u.s. Half Street from SoutheastcornerEast(apitolSt&SouthernAve payment for parklng except at metered parking and at AnacostÍa, Franconia-Springfi eld, Largo Town Center, New Carrollton, Shady Grove and Vienna/Fairfax-GMU where major credit cards are also accepted. 3 BLOCKS # SouthVan Dom 5t& EisenhowerAve There are over 57,OOO parking spaces in the Metrorail system, and on Saturday, Sunday and Federal holidays parking is FREE. SmalTripo cards with full parking fee are the only accepted form of South side Rhode lsland Ave west ofSth 5t, NE Forest Glen sr- L West of Garden City Drive north of John Hanson Highway 300 Ganett Morgan Blvd. Huntington Tuckerman Lane lslsnd ORANGE LINË south of Route 50 'l00 Addison Rd at Central Ave Addison LargoTown ETT Rd off exit 24 Twinbrook Parkway æ White Flint :,i NE North side ofMinnesota Ave. between Nash 5t & 48th St ,l¡c Bethesdâ :. Minnesota Ave north ofGrant 5t, Deanwood NE DL Gsorge's Plaza€ã Fr¡endship Fint Pl& Galloway St Avenue inner loop l-495 9,,." L¡n€ Rd Greenbelt æWhite Ev6ryothsr outbound R€d Church Church of l-66 at Gallows (ollege Park Yôllow Llñe *elæ opåmþs b6Mffi Mt Vofrd Sqrft St'Gonvendon Ggntor and Foñ Ìoffo¡ ùl¡on3 axæpt Wækdays 5$0 to 9:30 ¡.m. and 3:m to 7O0 p,m. 6ã ,¡c Median l-66 at Leesburg Pike Prince George3 æ B6Mt Loring W. Falk West æ ffill$w l-66 at Nutley Rd Suitland æ Forest Glen t'ffi 3101 Branch Ave FortTotten .ffnw ã ;."'sn:;'':t NaylorRoad Commuter Ra¡l .ôHÆ[:,x Fod Totten Glenmont llrinbrook LOüTION STATION a Pump Flammable ltems FBEDÉEIEK ÊüUGLASS BNIDGE Ã< I lTH ST -:El¡*:ANÁCOSTIA ñIVËN t SRISGE � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Go Metro. Go Nats. Nationals Park Metro brochure Subject The topic of the resource Baseball teams--United States Description An account of the resource A Metro brochure for the Nationals Park (Nats Park) from 2008, the inaugural season for the ballpark. Includes a Metro map and Park and Ride Metro locations, in addition to a game schedule. Please note: This report includes irregularly-sized pages. If the report is not visible, try scrolling to the right or left or using the zoom in (+) or zoom out (-) functions in the PDF viewer window. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource DDOT Historical Reports & Other Documents Subject The topic of the resource Transportation--Research--United States Transportation--Planning Description An account of the resource District Department of Transportation's historical reports and other documents. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource District Department of Transportation Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Navy Yard Subject The topic of the resource Navy Yard--Washington (D.C.) Neighborhoods Description An account of the resource Historical reports and documents related to the Navy Yard neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Various Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Documents Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Navy Yard